doe’s roof savings calculator (rsc) -...

ORNL is managed by UT-Battelle

for the US Department of Energy

DOE’s Roof Savings

Calculator (RSC)

http://rsc.ornl.gov

(www.roofcalc.com)

in collaboration with EPA, LBNL, WBT, CEC

EPDM Roofing Association Apr. 29, 2015

Joshua New, Ph.D.

865-241-8783

newjr@ornl.gov

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A brief history of energy and life quality

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A brief history of energy and life quality

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Sustainability is the defining challenge

• Buildings in U.S.

– 41% of primary energy/carbon 73% of electricity, 34% of gas

• Buildings in China

– 60% of urban building floor space in 2030 has yet to be built

• Buildings in India

– 67% of all building floor space in 2030 has yet to be built

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TN 2012 Electric Bill - $1,533

Energy Consumption and Production Commercial Site Energy

Consumption by End Use

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1.00

2.00

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4.00

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8.00

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Ro

of

Walls

Fo

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Infi

ltra

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Win

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ws

(co

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uctio

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Win

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ws

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lar g

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Inte

rnal

Gain

s

To

tal

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ad

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Cooling Heating

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1.00

2.00

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4.00

5.00

Ro

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Walls

(2)

Fo

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Infi

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Ventila

tio

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(co

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Cooling Heating

Figure 2. Residential

energy loads attributed to

envelope and windows Source: Building Energy Data Book, U.S.

DOE, Prepared by D&R International, Ltd.,

September 2008.

Figure 3. Commercial energy

loads attributed to envelope

and windows Source: Building Energy Data Book, U.S. DOE,

Prepared by D&R International, Ltd., September

2008.

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Presentation summary

• Facilities and Modeling

• Building physics

• Roof Savings Calculator

• Validation

• Visual Analytics

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Presentation summary

• Facilities and Modeling

• Building physics

• Validation

• Roof Savings Calculator

• Visual Analytics

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Presentation summary

• Facilities and Modeling

• Building physics

• Validation

• Roof Savings Calculator

• Visual Analytics

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Science to transform today's buildings into

smart, responsive, and efficient structures

Sensors, Controls, Grid

Neutron Science

Materials Science

Building Science

Experimental S&T Capabilities

Modeling and Visualization R&D

Computational Science

Web-Based Tools Data/Knowledge

Automated Model Calibration & GIS

Better Buildings via Novel Tools

and Technologies

Data/Knowledge

Data/Knowledge

Data/Knowledge

Applied R&D

Innovative Products

Next Generation

Commercial Buildings

Next Generation

Residential Buildings

Industry CRADAs

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Source of Input Data

• Residential (~15 min. data)

– Yarnell (37 sensors)

– Wolf Creek (4x 356 sensors/building)

– Campbell Creek (3x 144 sensors/bldg.)

– Dryer

– Refrigerator

– Dishwasher

– Heat pump air flow

– Shower water flow

– Etc.

– Temperatures

– Plugs

– Lights

– Range

– Washer

– Radiated heat

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Permanent Research Platforms MAXLAB Building

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FRP2 Sensors

Refrigerant Mass Flow Natural Gas Flow Electrical Power

Refrigerant Temp and Press Airflow Air Temp And RH

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RTU/VAV

Measured performance of multiple HVACs

(same building, occupancy, weather)

VRF

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Energy Modeling for Generalizing Results

Real weather

file from FRP2

weather station

Emulated

Occupancy 30 sec

Data Measurements

(1,071 total channels)

Calibrated Building

Energy Models

Software-controlled

rotation among

HVAC systems Centralized data, alarms,

quality assurance,

dashboard, analytics

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Presentation summary

• Facilities and Modeling

• Building physics

• Validation

• Roof Savings Calculator

• Visual Analytics

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Facing our energy challenges

“We're using 19th and 20th century technologies to battle 21st century problems like climate change and energy security.”

Remarks of President Barack Obama,

Signing of the American Recovery and

Reinvestment Act, February 17, 2009

“Make it white,” Former Secretary Steven Chu,

Daily Show, July 21, 2009

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Urban Heat Island Effect

and Albedo Engineering

Image from Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

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Cool roof context

Goal to address climate change, manage Earth’s heat budget (amount of Earth’s heat from the sun minus amount reflected into space)

2 pillars of geo-engineering:

• Albedo engineering for solar radiation management – increasing Earth’s reflectance Examples: cloud whitening, stratoshield/stratospheric doping (SO2, Pinatubo option), reflective aerosols in jet fuel

• Greenhouse gas remediation – primarily carbon sequestration (capture and storage) Examples: iron fertilization, artificial trees, biochar charcoal, ocean dissolution

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Terms

• Thermodynamics

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Terms

• Overview of attic physics

Camouflage invisible to night vision

Near Infrared Film Conventional Film

Terms

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Multifunctional steep slope roofing

system research success

• Multifunctional roof reduces peak energy demand by 90% (PCM, ASV, RB)

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Presentation summary

• Facilities and Modeling

• Building physics

• Validation

• Roof Savings Calculator

• Visual Analytics

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Attic Systems – Charleston SC NET Facility

2 3 4 5 6 1 7

Each bay width ~ 11 ft

Weather

station Triflex Non

breathable

Storm

Guard 15 lb

Sealed Non-Breathable – Cool color ASV RB 1/300 1/150

Deck

Armor 15 lb 15 lb

Fascia

Cool

shingles

AtticSim (Attic Simulation) Model

Roof & Attic Energy Balance

ASTM C 1340 Standard For Estimating Heat Gain or Loss Through Ceilings Under Attics CEC PIER: Demonstrations

Ft Irwin, US Army

Miller et al. (2007), “Natural Convection Heat Transfer in Roofs with

Above-Sheathing Ventilation.” in Thermal Performance of the Exterior

Envelopes of Buildings, X, proceedings of ASHRAE THERM X,

Clearwater, FL., Dec. 2007.

Petrie, T. W., K. E. Wilkes. (1998). “Effect of Radiant Barriers and Attic

Ventilation on Residential Attics and Attic Duct Systems: New Tools for

Measuring and Modeling,” ASHRAE Trans., vol. 104, 1175-1192.

AtticSim Benchmark of Ft Irwin House

(South-facing Roof Deck)

Cool Color Tile Direct-to-deck

Miller, W. 2010. Field experiments to evaluate cool-colored roofing.

Task 2.5.7 CEC milestone report.

AtticSim and DOE-2.1E/AtticSim Benchmark of

Ft Irwin House “Attic Air Temperature”

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Presentation summary

• Facilities and Modeling

• Building physics

• Validation

• Roof Savings Calculator

• Visual Analytics

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Computer tools for simulating cool roofs

INDUSTRY

COLLABORATIVE

R&D

Marc LaFrance

DOE BT

R. Levinson,

H. Gilbert,

H. Akbari

Chris Scruton

CEC

A. Desjarlais,

W. Miller,

J. New

WBT

Joe Huang,

Ender Erdem

Roof Savings Calculator (RSC)

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Roof Savings Calculator

• Replaces:

– EPA Roof Comparison Calc

– DOE Cool Roof Calculator

• Minimal questions (<20)

– Only location is required

– Building America defaults

– Help links for unknown information

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RSC = AtticSim + DOE-2.1E

AtticSim - ASTM C 1340 Standard For Estimating Heat Gain or Loss Through Ceilings Under Attics

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Office “Big Box” Retail Warehouse

Torcellini et al. 2008, “DOE Commercial Building Benchmark Models”,

NREL/CP-550-43291, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden CO.

Commercial building types

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AtticSim

DOE-2

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RoofCalc.com impact

Average: ~81 visitors/day

100,000+ visitors, 200+ user feedback,

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Nationwide results

Description Reflect

ance Emis

sivity SRI Houston

$ saved …13

BUR No Coating 10 90 6 42

Mineral Mod Bit 25 88 25 103

Single Ply 32 90 35 230

Mineral Mod Bit 33 92 35 197

Metal 35 82 35 60

Aluminum Coating 43 58 35 279

Mineral Mod Bit 45 79 55 291

Coating over BUR 49 83 55 433

Metal 49 83 55 208

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Cost savings for offices - 14 cities,

local utility prices, 22 roof types

Heating-dominated

Northern climates

Cooling-dominated

Southern climates

Mellot, Joseph W., New, Joshua R., and Sanyal, Jibonananda. (2013). "Preliminary Analysis of Energy Consumption for

Cool Roofing Measures." In RCI Interface Technical Journal, volume 31, issue 9, pp. 25-36, October, 2013.

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Summer operation of HVAC duct in

ASHRAE climate zone 3

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Enhanced RSC Site

Input Parameter GUI Result Output

Database

User Hyperion RSC Engine Inputs

Savings

Simulate

Savings

Exists? R

esu

lts

Simulation

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Quote

“We speak piously of … making small

studies that will add another brick to the

temple of science. Most such bricks just

lie around the brickyard.” –J.R. Platt, Science 1964, 146:347-53

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RSC Service Example (Python)

client = suds.client.Client('URL/TO/WEB/SERVICE/rsc.wsdl')

print(client)

sm = client.factory.create('schema:soapmodel')

load_soap_model_from_xml('../examplemodel.xml', sm)

sr = client.service.simulate(sm)

print(sr)

sm = client.factory.create('schema:soapmodel')

load_soap_model_from_xml('../examplemodel.xml', sm)

print(sm)

contents = client.service.test(sm)

with open('pytest.zip', 'wb') as outfile:

outfile.write(base64.b64decode(contents))

…download example building and batch script from rsc.ornl.gov/web-service.shtml

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Update 1 line of code to change servers

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Millions of simulations visualized for DOE’s Roof Savings

Calculator and deployment of roof and attic technologies

through leading industry partners

Leveraging HPC resources to facilitate deployment of building energy efficiency technologies

DOE: Office of Science CEC & DOE EERE: BTO Industry & Building Owners

Roof Savings Calculator (RSC) web

site/service developed and validated

[estimates energy and cost savings

from roof and attic technologies]

CentiMark, the largest nation-wide

roofing contractor (installs 2500

roofs/mo), is integrating RSC into

their proposal generating system

(20+ companies now interested)

AtticSim

DOE-2

Engine (AtticSim/DOE-2) debugged

using HPC Science assets enabling

visual analytics on 3x(10)6 simulations

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Personal story behind one of DOE’s

RSC images

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Presentation summary

• Facilities and Modeling

• Building physics

• Validation

• Roof Savings Calculator

• Visual Analytics

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PCP - car data set

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PCP bin rendering (data)

• Transfer function coloring:

– Occupancy or leading axis

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The power of “and” – linked views (info)

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Large Data

Visualization

Knowledge

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Outliers (wisdom)

• Selection of heating outliers

• Find all have box building type and in Miami

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Discussion

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Joshua New, Ph.D. newjr@ornl.gov