department of agronomy, faculty of … · prof. r.k.ghosh, ph.d. faps, fisws,raisws, faapp, cwss...

PROF. R.K.GHOSH, Ph.D.

FAPS, FISWS,RAISWS, FAAPP, CWSS GOLD MEDAL

DEPARTMENT OF AGRONOMY,

FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE,

BIDHAN CHANDRA KRISHI VISWSVIDYALAYA (BCKV)

Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal

(M) 91-9433145340

Email: drajr1956@gmail.com /drraj2015@rediffmail.com

Pre emergence herbicides are ancillary apt for annual planning of weed

management in system intensification at inceptisol

BC -2017-259 RAPID FIRE PRESENTATION THEME 1

Biennial Conference on

Doubling Farmers’ Income by 2022: The Role of Weed Science

Organized by ISWS, ICAR‐DWR

at MPUAT, Udaipur, Rajasthan

on 01-03, March, 2017

WorldArea- 51 billion ha

Population – 7.5 billion

Land area- 13.1 billion ha

Crop land area- 1.5 billion ha

Land capita-1- 0.20 ha

India Population - 1.25 billionLand capita-1 - 0.32 ha (2030)

Population increasing and

Land area Capita-1 decreasing

RESOURCES ARE LIMITING

Land LabourWater

Ecosafe ChemicalAwareness Programme

Awareness with GHG CH4, N20, CO and

Farmers & Students CO2 recording at SRI

CLIMATE CHANGE CONTINUINGUnexpected storm

Polar ice melting Lack of water

Change of Biodiversity of Weed Plants

How to

Resolve Security on Food

(Increase productivity)

Nutrition(Balance nutrition)

Environment(More natural chemicals)

Health

(Non –contaminated food)

How to

Resolve Security on Food

(Increase productivity)

Nutrition(Balance nutrition)

Environment(More natural chemicals)

Health(Non –contaminated food)

Bacteria FungiActino

mycetes

SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTIVITY

Long term thinking

All crops grown in sequence

More Biological Management to

Improve Health of Soil and Plant

SYSTEM INTENSIFICATION

Weeds

33%

Insects

26%

Disease

20%

Other

Pests

21%

DWR (2015) - Vision 2050 DWR, ICAR

INDIA

Weed- 10.9%

(World- 11.5%)

Insect – 8.6%

Disease- 6.6%

Other pests- 6.9%

PEST (33 % National Production Loss) Weed plants

Insect pests

Disease - Pathogens

Other pests - Nematodes, Rodents , Store grain pests etc

Eco safe

Annual Planning of

Weed Pest Management

What to do to

Increase production by

Managing Losses due to

Weed Pest

Annual Planning of Weed Pest Management :

10 % production increase

Food grain + Oilseeds + Hoticulture:

260+30+260 = 550 mt (Present)

Annual Planning of weed management

More production by reduce losses - 55 mt

Food grain + Oilseeds + Horticulture:

286 +33 + 286 = 605 mt (Present)

CONCEPTS OF APWPM

1. Before crop planting

Reduce Weed Seed under Soil

2. After Crop Planting

Reduce Weed competition

to Crop during Critical Crop

Weed Competition Period

Enhanced Crop Health by

using more balance nutrition

STEP 1 – PRE PLANTING CARE

Grow Lugumes (Two months fallow)

Use Ecosafe Herbicide in

moist soil (One month fallow)

Removal of weed residues includingCyperus nut

during land preparation and use for Compost

Use of more biofertilizers, Neem cake, Vermicomposts etc.

More Balance Nutrition helps to reduce pests

Step 2 – Reduce weed competition in CCWCPUse of PE ecosafe botanicals /chemical herbicides

Use of POE mechanical weeding / ecosafe

chemical herbicides at 25-40 DAP

Effect of PE & POE herbicides

on soil and plant health

Reduce growth and development of crop

plants in important physiological stages

Germination by PE herbicides

Urease Enzyme activity by PE herbicides

Nodule development; Tuber bulking; CRI; Bulb

formation; Branching; Tillering etc. by POE herbicides

Growth and development of Soil micro flora

by both PE and POE herbicides

Amylase content (µg maltose g-1 released fresh tissue minute-1)

Treatments T1- Control T2- Botanical

mixture

T3- Pretilachlor

Observations at different

hours after seed

germination treatment

24 48 72 96 24 48 72 96 24 48 72 96

Paddy 185 225 210 145 153 176 151 143 119 199 83 71

Three most dominant weed flora

Echinochloa colonum

(Grass) 23 68 25 23 8 17 11 11 4 8 5 4

Cyperus difformis

(Sedge) 28 31 59 33 13 22 40 20 5 17 31 11

Ludwigia octovalis

(Broad leaf) 25 33 108 40 13 20 37 20 8 13 20 11

Seed TRT S x T S x T x

H

S.Em( ± ) 0.23 0.20 0.40 0.79

CD (0.05) 0.64 0.56 1.11 2.23

Effect of PE chemical and botanical herbicides on the amylase

content in seed germination of paddy and three dominant weed flora

Ph.D. Experiment S. Sentharagai, 2012-14

Urease enzyme activity (μg NH4-N g-1 dwt of soil 2 h-1 at 37oC)

Mean of 2012 and 2013

Treatments 3 DAA 21 DAA At Harvest

T1- Weedy Check 37.52 38.23 39.86

T2 – Mechanical Weeding (Two) 36.49 38.28 41.94

T3 – Mechanical Weeding (Three) 36.45 41.94 42.36

T4- Hand Weeding (One) + Mechanical Weeding (Two) 36.40 41.88 44.08

T5 – Pretilachlor 30.7 EC @ 500 g /ha at 1 DAT (PE) +

Mechanical Weeding (Two)18.25 30.12 43.22

T6 – Parthenium Raw extracts @100 ml / lit. of water

at 1 DAT (PE) + Mechanical Weeding (Two)24.34 28.98 42.41

CD at 5% 2.96 2.53 1.53

Effect of different weed management treatments on Urease enzyme activity

in transplanted SRI paddy during summer 2012 & 2013 Treatments

Ph.D. Experiment S. Sentharagai, 2012-14(Initial Soil – 33.38)

POE HerbicidePE herbicide

PE

POE

60 DAP

PE POE

PE Organic chemical herbicides

3 DAA 1 DAA

7 DAA 21 DAA Harvest

1 DAA3 DAA

7 DAA 21 DAA HarvestPE Organic botanical herbicides

All chemical

herbicides

reduced soil

microflora up to

a month after

application

FIELD EXPERIMENTS AT BCKV FARM

Expt. 1 - Pre- kharif Vigna mungo – kharif direct seeded

puddled Oryza sativa – rabi Solanum tuberosum 2011-13

Expt. 2 - Pre- kharif Vigna mungo -- kharif transplanted

Oryza sativa – rabi Solanum tuberosum 2011-13

Expt. 4 - Pre- kharif Vigna radiate – kharif transplanted Oryza sativa – rabi Solanum tuberosum 2012-14

Expt. 5 - Pre- kharif Vigna mungo - kharif direct seeded puddled Oryza sativa – rabi Allium cepa 2013 -15

Expt. 3 - Pre- kharif Vigna radiate - kharif direct seeded

puddled Oryza sativa – rabi Solanum tuberosum 2012-14

Expt. 6 - Pre- kharif Vigna mungo - kharif transplanted Oryza sativa – rabi Allium cepa 2013-15

Expt. 7 - Pre- kharif Vigna radiata - kharif direct seeded puddled Oryza sativa – rabi Allium cepa 2014-16

Expt. 8 - Pre- kharif Vigna radiata - kharif transplanted Oryza sativa – rabi Allium cepa 2014-16

Experimental site : BCKV Farm, Kalyani

Year: 2011-2016

Crops and Variety :

Pre-kharif : Black gram Vigna mungo cv. Sarada (WBU108)

Green gram Vigna radiate cv. Sonali (B-1)

Kharif : Direct seeded puddled Oryza sativa cv. Satabdi (IET 4786)

Transplanted Oryza sativa cv. Satabdi (IET 4786)

Rabi : Potato Solanum tuberosum cv. Kufri Jyoti

Onion Allium cepa cv. Sukhsagar

Treatments: 5-12 Plot size: 4 m x 5 m

Design: RBD Replication: 3

Nutrient Management: Balance nutrition

3 cm

3 cm

Pre-kharif season (Mid March – Mid June)

Kharif season (Mid. June – Mid. October)

Rabi season (Mid. October- Mid. February)

Significant Findings Pre-kharif Black gram and Green gram PE herbicides recorded higher WCE over POE herbicides

30 DAS -- 19.31 and 15.28 %

50 DAS - 10.72 and 11.29 %

Kharif Direct seeded puddled and Transplanted paddy Direct seeded puddled paddy (DSPP) POE herbicides better WCE over PE herbicides : 8.54 and 7.17% more WCE

PE herbicides - 55.71 and 42.52 % WCE at 30 and 50 DAT, respectively

POE herbicides - 64.25 and 49.69 % WCE at 30 and 50 DAT, respectively

Transplanted paddy (TRP) PE herbicides better WCE over POE herbicides : 2.82 and 2.61% more WCE

PE herbicides -69.08 and 53.16 % WCE at 30 and 50 DAT, respectively

POE herbicides -66.26 and 55.77 % WCE at 30 and 50 DAT, respectively

Rabi Potato and Onion

Potato PE herbicides 20.03 and 24.24 % more WCE over one POE herbicide

PE Herbicides 92.40 and 66.27 % WCE at 30 and 50 DAP, respectively

Onion PE herbicides - 13.30 and 9.29 % more over POE herbicides

PE herbicides -61.90 and 43.96 % WCE at 30 and 50 DAP, respectively

Pre-kharif Black gram and Green gram PE herbicides recorded higher number of pods 3.35 and 3.45 over POE

HW - Maximum number of pods 14.9 (BG) and 15.87 (GG) and

Weedy check - Minimum number of pods 9.33 (BG) and 10.33 (GG)

Kharif Direct seeded puddled and Transplanted paddy HW - Maximum 12.87 (DSPP)and 16.45 (TRP) number of panicles/plant

Weedy check -Minimum 9.90 (DSPP) and 12.67 (TRP) no. of panicles/plant

PE herbicides - 12.38 (DSPP) and 15.37 (TRP) number of panicles/plant

POE herbicides - 11.00 (DSPP) and 14.52(TRP) number of panicles/plant

PE herbicides -More over POE herbicides : 12.55 % (DSPP) and 5.85% (TRP)

Rabi Potato and Onion

Potato PE herbicides (59.03 g) -10.93 g more tuber weight over POE (48.10 g)

HW- 59.0 g tuber weight and Weedy check - Mminimum 40.33 g

Onion PE herbicides (41.00 g) - 6.61 g more bulb weight over POE (30.87 g)

HW – Maximum bulb weight (44.7 g) and weedy check -Minimum (35.33 g)

Soil microflora population

Following Annual Planning of

Weed Pest Management (APWPM)

PE Herbicides recorded

more WCE, better major yield attribute,

higher economic yield and

superior soil microflora population

in comparison to POE herbicides

in all the crop sequences of

Black/Green gram (Pre- Kharif) –

DSPP / TRP (Kharif) –

Potato / Onion (Rabi)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Authors are thankful toResearch Scientists: Dr. K. Barui,

Research Students: Ms. Diana Shamurailatpam,

Mr. Adyant Kumar, Mr. D. Mondal, Ms. A. Ghosh

and other BCKV Teacher and student colleagues

related with these experiments

Thanks to Organizing Committee of

ISWS Biennial Conference