defensive operations defensive operations tc9b83

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

TC9B83

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

Terminal Learning Objective

Task: Execute defensive operations.

Conditions: Given classroom, one PE, and multiple training areas.

Standards: Apply defensive doctrine to platoon operations IAW FM 3-0, FM 7-8, FM 7-10, and FM 71-1.

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

Safety Requirements: General: Fire Exits

Risk: The risk assessment level is low

Environmental Considerations: None

Evaluation: The performance of the TLO will be evaluated using a written quiz on day two and an operations order practical exercise due on 30 Sept 04. Students must score at least 70% (60% for international students) on the written exam and the operations order practical exercise. You cannot test out.

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

Enabling Learning Objective

Action: Define basic defensive doctrinal terms

Conditions: Given a 45 minute lecture in a classroom environment

Standards: Students will define the basic defensive doctrinal terms IAW FM 3-0, FM 7-8, FM 7-10, and FM 71-1.

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

PURPOSES OF DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

• Defeat enemy attack• Gain time• Concentrate forces • Control key terrain• Wear down enemy forces in preparation for

attack• Retain objectives

FM 7-10 pg 5-3, FM 71-2 pg 4-3

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DEFENSE

• Preparation• Security• Disruption• Massing effects• Flexibility

FM 3-0 pg 8-2

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

PREPARATION

• Defender arrives first• Terrain analysis• Rehearsals• Security and reconnaissance• Continuous process

FM 3-0 pg 8-2

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

SECURITY

• Deceive enemy• Counter-reconnaissance• Early warning• Disrupt enemy attacks early• Preserve combat power

FM 3-0 pg 8-2 & 8-3

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

DISRUPTION

• Prevent massing of combat power• Counter-reconnaissance• Disrupt in depth by: Defeating and

misdirecting enemy recon, breaking up formations, and isolating units

FM 3-0 pg 8-3

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

MASSING EFFECTS

• Concentrate combat power at the decisive point through flexibility

• Defender may accept risk in some places to mass at another

FM 3-0 pg 8-3

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

FLEXIBILITY

• Preparations in depth- Alternate and supplementary positions- Alternate EAs

• Reserves• Counter-attack plans

FM 3-0 pg 8-3

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

DEFENSIVE PATTERNS

• Mobile

• Area

• Retrograde

FM 3-0 pg 8-3

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

DEFENSIVE PATTERNS

• Mobile

- Orient on destroying enemy

- Setting conditions for counter-attack

FM 3-0 pg 8-4

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

DEFENSIVE PATTERNS

• Area

- Orient on retaining terrain

- Expose enemy to mutually supported

Engagement Areas along avenues of approach

FM 3-0 pg 8-4

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

DEFENSIVE TECHNIQUES

• Nonlinear• Linear• Defense of reverse slope• Strongpoint• Perimeter• Battle positions• Defense in sector

FM 7-10 pg 5-22 thru 5-32

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

PERIMETER DEFENSE

• Area• No adjacent friendly units• 360 degrees (circular/ triangle)• Assembly areas/ patrol bases• Reserve blocks penetrations

FM 7-10 pg 5-28

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

PERIMETER DEFENSE

FM 7-8 pg 1-14

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

BATTLE POSITIONS

• Area/ Mobile• Mutually supporting• Concentrate combat power into EA• Primary, alternate, supplementary

positions and EAs

FM-7-10 pg 5-25

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

BATTLE POSITIONS

FM 7-10, pg 5-25

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

DEFENSE IN SECTOR

• Mobile• Platoon sectors/ mutually supporting BPs on

armor restrictive terrain or both• Positions arrayed in depth• Flexibility• Exposes flanks of enemy throughout depth of

sectors• Degraded C2 and indirect fires

FM 7-10 pg 5-24

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

DEFENSE IN SECTOR

FM 7-8 pg 1-15&16

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

CONDUCT OF THE DEFENSE

• Prepare for combat

• Move to defensive positions

• Establish defensive positions

• Locate the enemy

• Action on enemy contact

• Fight the defense

• Consolidate and reorganize

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

PREPARE FOR COMBAT

• Troop Leading Procedures

• Conduct Leader’s Recon

• Check equipment and ammunition

• Camouflage Self and Equipment

• Rehearse Critical Tasks

FM 7-8 pg. 2-66&67

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

MOVE TO DEFENSIVE POSITIONS

• Move on covered and concealed routes• Avoid likely ambush sites• Enforce camouflage, noise, and light

discipline• Maintain all around security including air

guards• Use formations and movement

techniques based on M-TETTC

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

ESTABLISH DEFENSIVE POSITIONS

• Engagement Area development

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

ENGAGEMENT AREA DEVELOPMENT

• Identify all likely enemy avenues of approach• Determine likely enemy schemes of

maneuver• Determine where to kill the enemy• Plan and integrate obstacles• Emplace weapons systems• Plan and integrate indirect fires• Rehearse the execution of operations in the

engagement area

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

IDENTIFY ALL ENEMY LIKELY AVENUES OF APPROACH

FM 71-1 pg 6-17

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

DETERMINE WHERE TO KILL THE ENEMY

FM 71-1 pg 6-19

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

DETERMINE LIKELY ENEMY SCHEME OF MANEUVER

FM 71-1, pg 6-18

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

PLAN AND INTEGRATE OBSTACLES

FM 71-1 pg 6-20

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

OBSTACLES

• Slow enemy advance to mass fires

• Canalize enemy

• Separate enemy forces

• Strengthen lightly defended areas

• Protect defensive positions

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

OBSTACLES

• Disrupt

• Turn

• Fix

• Block

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

OBSTACLES

• Support tactical plan

• Reinforcing tied into existing

• Covered by observations and fires

• Constructed in depth

• Achieve surprise

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

EMPLACE WEAPONS SYSTEMS & PLAN AND INTEGRATE

INDIRECT FIRES

FM 71-1, pg 6-21

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

ENGAGEMENT AREA REHEARSALS

• Rearward passage of security forces (as required)• Closure of lanes (as required)• Movement from the hide positions to the BP• Use of commands, triggers, and/or MELs to initiate

direct and indirect fires• Shifting of fires to refocus and redistribute fire effects• FM 71-1 pg 6-22

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

ENGAGEMENT AREA REHEARSALS

• Preparation and transmission of critical reports using FM and digital systems (as applicable)

• Displacement to alternate, supplementary• Cross-leveling or resupply of Class V• Evacuation of casualties

FM 71-1 pg 6-22

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

LOCATE THE ENEMY

• LP/OPs

• Security Patrols/ Counter-recon

• Security

• Night Vision Devices

• Thermal Devices

FM 7-8 pg 1-16

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

ACTIONS ON ENEMY CONTACT

• Alert platoon chain of command

• Report to company commander

• Call in OPs

• Call for and adjust indirect fire

• Initiate long range direct fire weapons

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

FIGHT THE DEFENSE

• Continue calling indirect fires

• Control direct fires

• Fire FPF as needed

• Platoon engages until enemy is repelled or ordered to disengage

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

PRINCIPLES OF DIRECT FIRE CONTROL

• Mass effects• Destroy greatest threat first• Avoid target overkill’• Employ best weapon for target• Minimize friendly exposure• Prevent fratricide• Plan for extreme limited visibility• Develop contingencies for diminished

capabilities

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

CONSOLIDATION AND REORGANIZATION

• Reestablish security• Re-man key weapons• Provide first aid and prepare medevac• Repair obstacles• Redistributes ammunition and supplies• Reestablish communication• Prepare for enemy attack

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

Example Strongpoint Defense

1 Story

Major Road

Sid

e R

oad

Sm

all Alley

Gate 1

Gate 2

Gate 3

3 Stories 1 Storyhomes

house

6ft wall

10 ft wall

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

Strongpoint DefenseIn Urban Environment

• No true EA (Cannot canalize enemy)• Not at full security (Running missions, 1 platoon

usually gone, & other priorities other than defense)• This is where you live and other civilians live (sharing

the same area)• Still need battle plan if attacked (i.e. who goes where

sectors of fire or wpn orientation)• Still need to account for dead space (behind walls or

buildings, and etc.)• What is the engagement criteria?

– Anything that moves?– Anything with a weapon?

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

P.E.

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

COMBAT SERVICE SUPPORT IN THE DEFENSE

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

PERSONNEL SERVICE AND SUPPORT

• Strength accountability

• Casualty reporting

• Services

• EPWs

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

SERVICE STATION RESUPPLY

FM 7-7J p. 2-181

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

TAILGATE RESUPPLY

FM 7-7J p. 2-182

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

PRIORITIES OF WORK IN THE DEFENSE

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

PRIORITIES OF WORK• ESTABLISH LOCAL SECURITY, IMPLEMENT

R&S FOR OCCUPATION, ASSUME SECURITY POSTURE (33% MINIMUM) (PG 2-26)

• POSITION ANTI-ARMOR WEAPONS, MACHINE GUNS AND SQUADS AND ASSIGN SECTORS OF FIRE (CREW SERVED WEAPONS ARE ALWAYS MANNED) (PG 2-72 TO 2-76)

• POSITION ASSETS ATTACHED TO THE PLATOON

• ESTABLISH CP AND WIRE COMMO

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

PRIORITIES OF WORK

• DESIGNATE FPLs, PDFs (PG 2-74)• CLEAR FIELDS OF FIRE, PREPARE

RANGE CARDS AND SECTOR SKETCHES (PG 2-76 TO 2-78, 2-80 TO 2-82)

• COORDINATE WITH ADJACENT UNITS (PG 2-85,-86)

• PREPARE PRIMARY FIGHTING POSITIONS (PG 2-87 TO 2-97)

• EMPLACE OBSTACLES AND MINES (PG 2-129 TO 2-142)

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

PRIORITIES OF WORK• MARK OR IMPROVE MARKING FOR TRP’s

AND OTHER FIRE CONTROL MEASURES (PG 2-82, 2-158)

• PREPARE ALTERNATE POSITIONS THEN SUPPLEMENTARY POSITIONS

• ESTABLISH SLEEP AND REST PLANS• RECON ROUTES BETWEEN PRIMARY,

ALTERNATE AND SUPPLEMENTARY POSITIONS

• IMPROVE PRIMARY POSITIONS TO INCLUDE OVERHEAD COVER AND CAMO

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

PRIORITIES OF WORK

• REHEARSE ENGAGEMENTS, DISENGAGEMENTS AND COUNTERATTACK PLANS

• ADJUST POSITION OR CONTROL MEASURE AS REQUIRED

• STOCKPILE AMMO, FOOD AND WATER• DIG TRENCHES TO CONNECT FIGHTING

POSITIONS• CONTINUE TO IMPROVE POSITIONS

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

SUMMARY

• Characteristics of the Defense

• Conduct of the Defense

• Engagement Area Development

• Priorities of work

DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS

CONCLUSION

• Follow steps to EA development

• Use GTA 7-4-6 and GTA 7-6-1