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Deepwater Horizon
MC 252 Oil Spill
Deepwater Horizon MC 252
Governing law is the Oil Pollution Acti (OPA)
Governor named State Response Lead Agencies:
• Mississippi Department of Marine Resources
• Mississippi Department of Env Quality
Federal Lead for Response under OPA is the United States Coast Guard
Emergency Response follows the National Incident Management System (NIMS) and the Incident Command System (ICS).
USCG establishes a Unified Command System
• This was done around April 23, 2010
Deepwater Horizon MC 252
Unified Command System, ICS, OPA and the National Contingency Plan (NCP)
• Declared Spill of National Significance
• Admiral Allen named as National Incident Commander (NIC)
Unified Area Command (UAC) established at Roberts, LA to direct critical resources from around the world
Incident Command Posts set up at:
• Houston ICP – Tasked with well control
• Houma ICP – Tasked with LA Sector
• Mobile ICP – Tasked with MS, AL, FL
• St Petersburg ICP – Stood up precautionary
• Tindal Air Force Base – Air Traffic Control
Deepwater Horizon MC 252
Sector Mobile Unified Command
• Unified Command establishes span of control and dictates all parties must approve plans
• Federal On Scene Coordinator (FOSC) does have final authority and ultimate responsibility under the law
Members of Sector Mobile Incident Command
• US CG
• Responsible Party (BP)
• US EPA
• US Dept of Interior
• MS On Scene Coordinator
• AL On Scene Coordinator
• FL On Scene Coordinator
Unified Command
Sector Mobile ICP
Unified Command
Sector Mobile ICP
Unified Command
Sector Mobile ICP
Response Agencies(Pertaining to Mississippi)
Mississippi Department of Environmental Quality (MDEQ)
Mississippi Department of Marine Resources
Mississippi State Department of Health (MSDH)
Mississippi National Guard (MNG)
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
US Coast Guard (USCG)
SCAT
Shoreline Clean-Up and Assessment Teams
The Objective of a SCAT
Survey/Program
The primary purpose of SCAT (Shoreline Cleanup Assessment Technique) is to provide:
DECISION SUPPORT FOR SHORELINE TREATMENT
PLANNING AND RESPONSE OPERATIONS from Day 1 to the
LAST INSPECTION
Key Components of a SCAT
Survey/Program
Systematic data collection (Forms based on Observations)
Identification of resources (physical, ecological, cultural, human use) affected by the spill (oil + operations)
Identification of factors that may assist or constrain operations
Treatment recommendations
The Five SCAT Principles A systematic survey of all shorelines in the
affected area
Division of the coast into segments
Use of a standard set of terms and definitions for documentation
A team of interagency personnel to represent land ownership, land use, management or trustee interests.
Provides management and operational support until all treatment activities and inspections have been completed.
The 3 Phases of a SCAT
Program
INITIAL PHASE - AERIAL SCAT
aerial observations provide the initial direction for operations
rapid data collection/turnaround
provides “big picture” – scales the problem
SECOND PHASE – GROUND SCAT
ground surveys provide detailed information and treatment recommendations
adjust need to stay ahead of shoreline operations
LATER PHASES
post-treatment ground surveys support the inspection, monitoring, and “sign-off” process
Shoreline Segmentation
The shoreline is divided into working units called SEGMENTS within which the shoreline character is relatively homogeneous in terms of physical features and sediment type.
Each segment is given a unique location identifier and is surveyed.
Shoreline Segmentation Segment lengths are small enough to
obtain adequate resolution and detail on the distribution of oil, but not so small that too much data are generated.
Segments are numbered based on an alpha-numeric numbering scheme with an alphabetical prefix (e.g., MSHR = Mississippi Harrison) followed by a number based on an alongshore sequence (MSHR-6).
Shoreline Segmentation
ExampleIsland
AB-2
AB-3
AB-4
AB-5
AB-1
The Description of Shoreline
Oiling Conditions STEP 1: Divide Coast into Segments
STEP 2: Describe Shoreline Character within Segment
STEP 3: Describe Surface Oil• length of oiled shore within segment
• width of oiled band
• % distribution of oil in band
• thickness of oil cover
• describe oil character (If tar balls then # of tar balls)
Standard Terms and
Definitions
standard terms and definitions provide an accurate description of the oiling conditions
consistency - everyone uses the same language
avoids misunderstanding, misinterpretation, and confusion
Essential SCAT DataGeneral
• location, date, time, segment code
• information on SCAT team members
• map (sketch)
Surface Oiling
• Length and Width of oiled section or subdivision
• Location of oil relative to Tidal Zones or Lake/River Levels
• Distribution (percent Surface Coverage to nearest 5 or 10%)
• Oil Thickness
• Oil Character
MC 252 Shoreline Response Talking Points Shoreline Response Stages/UAC Transition Plan Levels
Stage I (Levels I & II of UAC Transition Plan): On-water recovery of floating oil slicks in nearshore waters
Stage II (Levels I & II of UAC Transition Plan): Initial cleaning of bulk oil from intertidal areas until the source is controlled
Stage III (Levels III – VI of UAC Transition Plan)• Level III: Detailed Cleanup to Achieve 2010 No
Further Treatment
• Level IV: Maintenance & Monitoring
• Level V: Re-evaluation of Level IV Shoreline Segments & Implementation of Sign-off Process
• Level VI: End State Status: Long-Term Monitoring and Restoration
MC 252 Shoreline Response Talking PointsStage III – Level III-VI Progression
SCAT
Stage II
SCAT Stage III
2010 NFT
UAC Level III UAC Level IV UAC Level V UAC Level VI
Pictures of Mississippi
SCAT Teams in Action
MDEQ
Environmental
Sampling
MDEQ Sampling
MDEQ Sampling
MDEQ Sampling
MDEQ Sampling
MDEQ Sampling
MDEQ Air SamplingMississippi Gulf Coast Monitoring Sites
MS State Waters – All Tissue Samples
Submitted for Chemical Analysis
5/26/10 to 8/18/10
Seafood Sampling Results
Sample
Dates:
5/26/10-
9/28/10
Total Analyzed
Above
Levels of
Concern
Lab
Results
Pending
Shrimp 60 53 0 7
Crab 87 75 0 12
Finfish 113 95 0 18
Oysters 43 30 0 13
All Seafood 303 253 0 50
General Pictures of
Aerial Recon
MDEQ Operations Near Well Site
MDEQ Aerial Recon with MSARNG
MDEQ Aerial Recon with MSARNG
MDEQ Aerial Recon with MSARNG
General Pictures of
Activities
MDEQ
MDEQ Biloxi Staging Area
MDEQ Oil Sheen out Near Well Site
Transition from Response
Long Term Remediation and Monitoring
Natural Resources Damage Assesment (NRDA)
• Detailed process that is spelled out in the Oil Pollution Act (OPA)
Restoration
• Environmental Restoration through NRDA
• Gulfcoast Restoration through Governor’s Commission
• Federal Restoration through Presidential appointment of Ray Mabus
Monitoring
What has been done so far
• Response
• NRDA
What is underway
What is Planned
Types of Activities
NRDA Baseline – 77 sites
Air / Boat recon – 51 sites
Sentinel – Island Pass Sampling – 5 sites• 296 samples (May 19 – Aug 6)
Bay & Estuary (2/WK) – 5 sites
Harbors - 12
Tissue - 197
Complaints / VoO reports - 44
Submerged Oil Survey
Sampling Locations
560
24 16 0
6321
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
Water Sed Other
Total
Detected
Results Summary
MS Sound Submerged Oil Survey
PlanPartner with UIC Mobile
Purpose – search for presence of subsurface material in the MS Sound (recoverable)
• 26 Vessels of Opportunity – pad survey
• 6 DEQ skimmers – sampling
Oil Range Organics, Diesel Range Organics, Gasoline Range Organics, Semi-Volatile compounds, Volatile compounds, Dispersants, Plankton and adsorbent pads for ORO
• 1 Fluorometer Vessel (VoO)
• 1 Sediment Vessel (VoO)
MS Sound Submerged Oil
Survey Plan
MS Sound
Submerged Oil Survey Summary
2100 adsorbent pad drops
• 6 suspect areas sampled for water column
• 3 additional sites sampled due to presence of light sheen
45 sediment sites screened
• 10 samples collected for analysis
No Oil found with Fluorometer
• 100% complete
MS Sound Submerged Oil Survey Sample Results
Water samples (4 complete)
• non-detect on chemical parameters
• Plankton being analyzed at GCRL
Sediment
• None determined to contain oil by FTIR analysis
Pads
• Questionable due to mfg of pads
Gulfwide Sampling EffortAs of 10/06/2010
Water Samples
• 20,022 Deep Sea Water Samples
• 3119 Off Shore Water Samples
• 6790 Near Shore Water Samples
Sediment Samples
• 50 Deep Sea Sediment Samples
• 145 Off Shore Sediment Samples
• 1313 Near Shore Sediment Samples
Impacts
As of 10/05/2010
• 104 miles of shoreline experiencing moderate to heavy oil impacts
9 of these miles in MS
• Approximately 485 miles of shoreline experiencing light to trace oil impacts
81 of these miles in MS
Continuing Activities by DEQ
Additional sample sites
Response to direct calls from public
Respond to reports by fishermen
Natural Resource Damage Assessment
Submerged Oil Survey South if Islands
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