decentralized governance in water and sanitation 26-28th june mussoorie national academy of...
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Decentralized Governance in Water and Sanitation
26-28th June Mussoorie National Academy of Administration
Water availability in the country
Water Availability in the Country
Sl.No. Description Present Policy (BCM)
1 Precipitation 4000
2 Imports from U/S countries (assumed) 400
3 Evapo-transpiration 2520 a) From natural evapo-transpiration 2445
b) From reservoirs and water bodies when storage fully developed
75
4 Gross availability (1+2-3) 18805 Water that cannot be stored or used 7556 Potentially usable water (4-5) 11257 Additional usable water from Item 5
a) Rain water harvesting and artificial recharge 30 to 35
b) Interlinking of rivers 200 to 225
Source: Planning Commission, 2009
2
Water stress in India
Source: CWC, India Source: United Nations Environmental Program Website 2010
5177
22001869 1700
13411140
Water Stress limit (1700)Water Scarcity
Limit (1000)
1951 1991 2001 2010 2025 Projected
2050 Projected
Per Capita Water Availability in India (1951-2050)
Water stress indicator
3
Water Consumption pattern
Sector 2010 2025
Irrigation 78 72Domestic 6 7Industries 5 8Power 3 4
Ecology 1 1
Evaporation 6 6Source: Planning Commission, 2009
4
National Water Policy and vision 2020National Water Policy 2002 Vision 20/20
Priority- drinking water, irrigation, hydropower and ecology
Priority-drinking water, livelihoods, environment, river systems
Regulate ground water withdrawals on the basis recharge option and social equity
Highest priority to community managed watersheds
Priority to drought prone area in project planning
Restoring and maintaining traditional sources
Improve water use efficiency across the sectors and promote conservation
Promote water efficiency for all use
5
DecentralizationExercise of community participation
Local skill development
Innovative apporaches
Recharge PitExample of Sugana in Nasik with GSDA,
Maharastra
A pit to capture rain water similar to aquifer by boulders, gravel and sand.
Source: Vishwakarma Associates
Temporary roofTemporary roof for rain water collection
Presented on how the Aakash Ganga working in rural domestic water harvesting (http://si-usa.org/).
Ind
ust
ryH
ort
icu
ltu
reD
om
est
ic
TreatedSewage
Treatment of sewageTreated water can be used for agriculture rather than
ground water recharge
Options to reuse treated sewage
9
Comparative matrix
Design Criteria
Over arching
Supports GOI 12TH Five year plan priorities/National water Mission objectives
A priority for the USAID
Development interventions internal logic
High potential for sustainability
Cost effective and replicable
Bang for the buck
High benefit related to risk
Direct Community Benefits
Enhances livelihoods of marginalized groups
Health benefits for women children and elderly
Addresses Climate Change Challenge
Improves water security
Improves food security
Leveraging and other Opportunities
Provides business opportunities for private sector
Collaboration with other bilateral/multilateral donors
Opportunities for CSR funding
Strengthens knowledge base and capacity building
Demonstrates innovative approach
Strong Capacity building component
11
WEIGHTING DESIGN CRITERIA FOR IMPORTANCE A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O
Design criteria Supports GOI
12th five year
plan /NWM
Part of
USAID
priority
Cost
effective
and
replicable
High potential
for
sustainability
High benefit
related to
risk
Bang for
the buck
Health benefit
for women child
&
elderly
Enhances lively-
hoods of margin
aliased groups
Collaborati
on with
donors
Opportun
ity for
CSR
Improves
water
security
Improves
food
security
Provides
Business
opportunity for
private
Demonstrates
innovative
approach
Strong
Capacity
Building
component
A Supports GOI 12th five
year plan /NWM0.5A 1C 1D 2A 0.5A 1G 1H 1A 1A 1K 1L 2A 0.5A 0.5A
B Part of USAID priority 1C 1D 2B 1.5B 1G 1H 1B 2B 1K 1L 2B 0.5B 0.5B
C Cost effective and
replicable 1C 1.5C 1C 1G 1H 2C 2C 1K 1L 1C 1C 0.5C
D High potential for
sustainability1D 1D 1G 1H 1D 1D 1K 1L 1D 0.5D 0.5D
E High benefit related to risk 1E 1G 2H 2I 2J 2K 2L 2M 1N 2O
F Bang for the buck 1G 1H 2F 1F 1K 1L 1F 1F 0.5F
G Health benefit for women
and children& elderly1H 2G 2G 1K 1L 2G 1G 0.5G
H Enhances livelihoods of
marginalized groups2H 2H 2K 2L 2H 1H 1H
I Collaboration with donors 2I 2K 2.L 1I 2I 0.5I
J Opportunity for CSR 2K 2L 1J 2N 2.5O
K Improves water security 2K 2K 1K 1K
L Improves food security 2L 2L 1L
M Provides business
opportunity 2N 2O
N Demonstrates innovative
approach2O
O Strong capacity building
component
Weightage 8 9.5 12 8 1 6.5 13.5 16 7.5 3 20 19 2 5 8.5
Recommended Interventions Management of water service including water quality Support Knowledge network WATSAN in drought and flood prone areas Support PPP for water management Support GOI initiative increasing water efficiency Capacity building of local community in climate vulnerable
areas Support source protection Support drinking water initiatives Water research studies (quality) Water augmentation for agricultural needs Household level point of use Support development of regulatory mechanism
13
PRIORITIZING USAID INVENTIONS IN INDIA’S WATER SECTOR
Design criteria
Supports
GOI 12th
five year
plan/
National
water
mission
Part
of
USAI
D
priorit
y
Cost
effec
tive
and
repli
cabl
e
High
potenti
al for
sustain
ability
High
benefi
t to
risk
ratio
Bang
for
the
buck
Health
Benefit
for
women
children
and
elderly
Enha
nces
Liveli
hoods
Collab
oratio
n with
donor
s
Oppor
tunity
for
CSR
Improve
s water
security
Improv
es food
securit
y
Provide
s
busines
s
opportu
nity for
busines
s sector
Demonstr
ates
innovativ
e
approach
Strong
capacity
building
componen
t
Score Rank
Support GOI for
increasing water
efficiency
5 4 3 4 3 5 2 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 3 505 1
Support development
of regulatory
mechanism
3 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 3 1 1 306 11
Management of
water services
including (MIS) on
water quality
4 4 3 3 3 3 4 2 3 3 3 2 3 2 4 424 4
Source protection for
drinking water5 4 3 4 3 3 3 2 3 2 3 2 1 2 2 401.5 5
Support drinking
water initiatives
through rain water
harvesting
5 4 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 4 2 2 1 2 397.5 7
WATSAN in drought
and flood)4 4 3 3 2 2 3 2 3 2 3 2 1 3 3 390.5 8
Priority Investment Option by Issue
Intervention Score RankSupport GOI initiative increasing water efficiency 505 1Capacity building of local community in climate vulnerable areas
463 2
Water augmentation for agricultural needs 459 3Management of water service including water quality 424 4Support source protection 401.5 5Support PPP for water management 399.5 6Support drinking water initiatives 3975 7WATSAN in drought and flood prone areas 390.5 8Water research studies (quality) 388.0 9Household level point of use 340.5 10Support development of regulatory mechanism 306.0 11Support Knowledge network 232.5 12
Thank you
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