david bush t&b systems, inc. william hauze meteorological solutions, inc cara keslar wyoming deq

2011 National Air Quality Conferences2011 National Air Quality Conferences

Long-line Tower and Balloon-Long-line Tower and Balloon-borne Ozone and Ozone Precursor borne Ozone and Ozone Precursor

Vertical Profile Sampling for Vertical Profile Sampling for Upper Green Winter Ozone Study Upper Green Winter Ozone Study

2011 2011 David Bush

T&B Systems, Inc.William Hauze

Meteorological Solutions, IncCara KeslarWyoming DEQ

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OverviewOverview• Background

• UGWOS• WY DEQ Ozone Forum

• UGWOS 2011 Efforts• Long-line Measurement Methodology• Tower• Tethered Balloon

• Preliminary Data

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Upper Green Winter Ozone Study Upper Green Winter Ozone Study (UGWOS)(UGWOS)

• Upper Green River Wintertime Ozone Study – UGWOS 2007• Lack of snow and no elevated ozone episodes • Learned enough for planning future years

• UGWOS 2008• Significant elevated ozone observed• Documented spatial scale of problem and developed

conceptual model• UGWOS 2009, 2010

• Focused on additional chemistry• Improved mesonet monitoring coverage and

communications

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UGWOS – Ozone, Met Profiles

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UGWOS – Spatial Monitoring

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UGWOS – Spatial Monitoring

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WY DEQ Ozone ForumWY DEQ Ozone Forum• 2009, 2010 Ozone Forum

• Review collected data• Discuss remaining issues and questions• Discuss additional monitoring

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What is the diurnal vertical structure of What is the diurnal vertical structure of the ozone concentrations?the ozone concentrations?

2011 National Air Quality Conferences2011 National Air Quality Conferences

What is the diurnal vertical structure of What is the diurnal vertical structure of ozone precursors?ozone precursors?

2011 National Air Quality Conferences2011 National Air Quality Conferences

What is the vertical diurnal structure of What is the vertical diurnal structure of ozone precursors?ozone precursors?

2011 National Air Quality Conferences2011 National Air Quality Conferences

UGWOS 2011

• Tethered Balloon

• Tall Tower

• Supplemental measurements at WY DEQ Boulder site

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Long-line MeasurementsLong-line Measurements

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Long-line Measurement Equipment Long-line Measurement Equipment • Teledyne/API Model 200E NO/NO2/NOx Analyzer

• Teledyne/API Model 400E Ozone Analyzer

• Baseline-Mocon Series 9000 NMHC Methane/Non-Methane Analyzer

• Campbell Scientific CR10 Data Logger w/ A6REL-12 Relay Drive

• RM Young Wind Monitor and temperature sensors at Tower

• Hobo Pro temperature/RH sensors on Tethered Balloon

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Long-line MeasurementsLong-line Measurements• Dedicated 5/16” ID Teflon® tubing to

minimize pressure drop within line at 4 lpm

• Four levels, with worst-case residence time of 20 seconds• Tower – 4m, 25m, 50m, 75m• Tethered Balloon – 4m, 33m, 67m, 100m

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Long-line MeasurementsLong-line Measurements

Valved Rotameters

Solenoids

To Pump

To Analyzers

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Long-line MeasurementsLong-line Measurements• Using solenoid control, sampling switches

sequentially to next level every 3 minutes• First two minutes used to purge lines and

allow analyzers to stabilize to new sample pressure and concentrations (most critical for THC analzyer)

• Final minute averaged• Thus, 12 minute cycle, with each hour

consisting of five 1-minute averages

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UGWOS TowerUGWOS Tower

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UGWOS TowerUGWOS Tower

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UGWOS TowerUGWOS Tower

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UGWOS TowerUGWOS Tower

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UGWOS TowerUGWOS Tower

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Tethered BalloonTethered Balloon

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Tethered BalloonTethered Balloon

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Tethered BalloonTethered Balloon

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Preliminary Data - TowerPreliminary Data - Tower

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Preliminary Data – Tethered BalloonPreliminary Data – Tethered Balloon

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Preliminary Data – Tethered BalloonPreliminary Data – Tethered Balloon

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Acknowledgements Acknowledgements • Wyoming DEQ• Meteorological Solutions, Inc.• Air Resource Specialists• Environ• Sacramento Metropolitan AQM, California

ARB

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Suggestion for Future Studies – A Bigger TruckSuggestion for Future Studies – A Bigger Truck