data visualisation using html5 canvas
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HTML5 Canvas
DATA VISUALISATION
Antonio Fabregat Mundo Hinxton Services Forum May 30, 2013
Data Visualisation using HTML5 Canvas Hinxton Services Forum May 30, 2013
Overview
• Aim
• Web technologies for rich graphics creation
• Dealing with the data
• CANVASing the data
• Interactivity in Canvas
• Animation in Canvas
• Some tips
• Examples
Data Visualisation using HTML5 Canvas Hinxton Services Forum May 30, 2013
Aim
• Data visualisation
• Interactivity
• Animation
Data Visualisation using HTML5 Canvas Hinxton Services Forum May 30, 2013
Web technologies for rich graphics creation
CANVAS SVG High performance 2D surface for drawing. Resolution independence.
Constant performance because everything is a pixel. Performance only degrades when the image resolution increases.
SVG has very good support for animations. Elements can be animated using a declarative syntax, or via JavaScript.
Resulting image into the Canvas can be saved as PNG or JPEG. Full control over each element using the SVG DOM API in JavaScript.
Best suited for generating raster graphics, editing of images, and operations requiring pixel-level manipulation.
Accessibility to the SVG objects can be much better than that of canvas elements.
CANVAS SVG No DOM nodes for the represented objects. Slow rendering when document complexity increases. A use case is a large dataset to
be represented as an image.
Animation to be implemented manually. SVG might not be suited by itself for applications like games. Perhaps the best choice would be a Canvas + SVG combination
Poor text rendering capabilities. Difficulties exporting the resulting image.
Advantages
Disadvantages
Data Visualisation using HTML5 Canvas Hinxton Services Forum May 30, 2013
Web technologies for rich graphics creation
• Canvas • Interactive image editing
• Generating raster graphics
• Image analysis
• Rendering game graphics, such as sprites and backgrounds
• SVG • Resolution-independent Web
application user interfaces
• Highly interactive animated user interfaces
• Data charts and plots
• Vector image editing
Each technology has its own uses It is not like one can abandon Canvas in favor of SVG, or vice-versa.
Which one to pick?
Data Visualisation using HTML5 Canvas Hinxton Services Forum May 30, 2013
Dealing with the data
Data acquisition Web services providing raw data (XML or JSON format)
Data Visualisation using HTML5 Canvas Hinxton Services Forum May 30, 2013
Dealing with the data
Splitting the view from the model MV* keeps data and representation separated
Data Visualisation using HTML5 Canvas Hinxton Services Forum May 30, 2013
CANVASing the data
Client side image generation Objects in the data model are drawn into the canvas
Data Visualisation using HTML5 Canvas Hinxton Services Forum May 30, 2013
CANVASing the data
Graphical projection Calculating where to draw every object
Depends on the available area and number of objects
Data Visualisation using HTML5 Canvas Hinxton Services Forum May 30, 2013
CANVASing the data
Mouse position Bijective function to determine hovered objects
Data Visualisation using HTML5 Canvas Hinxton Services Forum May 30, 2013
Interactivity in Canvas
• Interactivity is not animation
• Refreshing canvas when mouse over
• How to improve behavior?
• Render screen differences only
• Back Buffer (redraw a gradient à 5 times faster)
• Layered canvases
• Important: Refreshing more than 24 times per second?
Data Visualisation using HTML5 Canvas Hinxton Services Forum May 30, 2013
Animation in Canvas
Full redrawing Every object drawer defines how to proceed for a certain percentage
Data Visualisation using HTML5 Canvas Hinxton Services Forum May 30, 2013
Some tips
Always update the model Actions over the canvas directly modify the model
Data Visualisation using HTML5 Canvas Hinxton Services Forum May 30, 2013
Some tips
Precalculate as much as possible Calculations that can be done once have to be moved out from the drawing methods
Data Visualisation using HTML5 Canvas Hinxton Services Forum May 30, 2013
Some tips
Discrete time slots Response improvement
Data Visualisation using HTML5 Canvas Hinxton Services Forum May 30, 2013
Some tips
Refreshing only when needed Checking basic user actions before refreshing saves time
Data Visualisation using HTML5 Canvas Hinxton Services Forum May 30, 2013
Examples PRIDE - Protein coverage viewer
PRIDE - Sequence viewer
Data Visualisation using HTML5 Canvas Hinxton Services Forum May 30, 2013
METABOLIGHTS – Spectrum viewer
Examples PRIDE – Spectrum viewer
Data Visualisation using HTML5 Canvas Hinxton Services Forum May 30, 2013
Examples REACTOME – Pathway Diagram
Thank you! J
fabregat@ebi.ac.uk
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