data from tenopir & king 18,000+ scientists and social scientists 1977 to present university and...
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Data From Tenopir & King
• 18,000+ scientists and social scientists
• 1977 to present
• University and non-university workplaces
• Mostly North America
• Recent studies of Astronomers, Medical faculty, faculty and students at several universities
Three Types of Data
Demographic
Estimates of behavior
Details of “last” reading
Articles:
“can include those found in journal issues, Web sites, or separate copies such as preprints, reprints, and other electronic or paper copies.”
Readings:
“going beyond the table of contents, title, and abstract to the body of the article.”
150172
188216
0
50
100
150
200
250
1977 1984 1993 2000-03
Average Articles Read per Scientist
Ave
rag
e n
um
ber
of
art
icle
s re
ad
per
scie
nti
st
Year of Studies
www.dlib.org/dlib/october03/king/10king.html
Scholarly Article Reading
Work Field Articles Read (Per
Year)
Time Spent
(Hours)
Time Per Article (Min)
Univ. Med. ~322 118 22
Chemists ~276 198 43
Life Scientists
~239 104 26
Physicists ~204 153 45
Soc Sci/Psych
~191 121 38
Engineers ~72 97 81
Average Annual Amount of Reading
0
50
100
150
200
250
ScholaryJournals
TradeJournals
Books Reports Patents
Engineers
Scientists
MedicalProfessionals
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
ScholarlyJournals
TradeJournals
Books Reports Patents
Engineers
Scientists
MedicalProfessionals
Average Annual Amount of Time (Hours) Spent Reading
(Hrs)
Purpose and Ranking of Importance: University
MedicalPrimary Research
29.9%
Current Awareness
22.1%
Teaching 16.9%Writing 11.7%Other Purpose 9.0%Background 6.5%Consulting/Advising
3.9%
#3
#1
#7
#6
#5
#2
#4
Average Number of Personal Subscriptions to Scholarly
Journals
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
1977 1978-1983
1984 1985-1989
1990-1993
1994-1998
2000-2001
2002-2003
Years of Observation
Personal Subscriptions
All studies average 2.2 All UT science faculty average
3.8 Medical faculty average 6.3
Sources of Readings
Separate
Personal
Library
Astronomers
Medical Faculty
Universities
42.9 %
21.4 %35.7 %
22.1 %
15.6 %
62.3%
49 %
36 %
15 %
Print or Electronic
Electronic
Astronomers
Medical Faculty
Universities
80 %
20 %
75 %
25 %
63 %
37 %
62.3%
20.8%16.9%
MeansMeans ofof LearningLearning AboutAbout ArticlesArticles ReadRead
Medical Faculty
Browse
Search
Other 39%
21%
37%
Astronomers
22%
29% 49%
Universities
Educational Degree Print Electronic
M.D., only 33 1
Ph.D., only 18 17
Both M.D. and Ph.D. 1 0
Neither degree 4 0
Total 56 18
FormatFormat ofof ReadingReading
Astronomy Articles Read per Month vs. Productivity
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Non-Prod Average Productive
Awareness and Use of ADS by Productive PhD
Astronomers
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Aware ADS Use ADS % Using
Young(<36)
Middle(36-50)
Old (>50)
Awareness and Use of ADS by not-Productive PhD
Astronomers
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Aware ADS Use ADS % Using
Young(<36)
Middle(36-50)
Old (>50)
Average Time Spent Reading Per Article by
Astronomers• U.S. astronomers (n=306) average 36 minutes• Non-U.S. astronomers (n=83) average 43 minutes
Source of Reading by Astronomers
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
U.S.
Non-U.S.
Tenopir and King, Communication Patterns of Engineers, NY: IEEE/Wiley, 2004
Use and Users of Electronic Use and Users of Electronic Library Resources: An Library Resources: An Overview and Analysis of Overview and Analysis of Recent Research Studies Recent Research Studies www.clir.org/pub/reports/puwww.clir.org/pub/reports/pub120/pub120.pdfb120/pub120.pdf
Patterns of Journal Use by Faculty at Three Diverse Universities. October 2003http://www.dlib.org/dlib/october03/king/10king.html
Future Studies
• Pediatricians
• University faculty and students in Australia
• University faculty and students in Finland
• Scientists in Chile and Brazil
• Tenopir & King surveys also being replicated in Cuba and Argentina
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