curriculum for doctor of philosophy in chemistry
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CURRICULUM
FOR
Doctor of Philosophy
in
Chemistry
PhD Chemistry
Session 2020 to Onwards
Department of Chemistry
UNIVERSITY OF OKARA
Page 2 of 50
Syllabus for PhD Chemistry Program
Department of Chemistry
University of Okara
Mission Statement
The overarching aim of the Ph. D. Chemistry Curriculum is to provide chemistry-related
learning experiences for students to develop scientific literacy, so that they can participate
actively in our rapidly changing knowledge-based society, prepare for further studies or
careers in fields related to chemistry, and become lifelong learners in science and technology.
The broad aims of Ph. D. Chemistry Curriculum are to:
Develop students interest in chemistry and its usefulness in helping to explain phenomena
and solve problems encountered in their ever-changing world
Understand the latest theories and models to describe, explain and make predictions about
chemical systems, structures and properties
Understand the factors that affect chemical systems, and how chemical systems can be
controlled to produce desired products
Understand experimental science that has developed through independent and
collaborative research, and that has significant impacts on society and implications for
decision making
Explore a wide range of scientific investigations, including the collection and analysis of
qualitative and quantitative data and the interpretation of evidence
Improve student’s skills in critically evaluation and debate scientific arguments and
claims in order to solve problems and generate informed, responsible and ethical
conclusions
Communicate chemical understanding and findings to a range of audiences, including
through the use of appropriate representations, language and nomenclature.
Rationale
Chemistry is the study of materials and substances, and the transformations they undergo
through interactions and the transfer of energy. Chemists can use an understanding of
chemical structures and processes to adapt, control and manipulate systems to meet particular
economic, environmental and social needs. This includes addressing the global challenges of
climate change and security of water, food and energy supplies, and designing processes to
maximize the efficient use of Earth’s finite resources. Chemistry develops student's
understanding of the key chemical concepts and models of structure, bonding, and chemical
Page 3 of 50
change, including the role of chemical, electrical and thermal energy. Students learn how
models of structure and bonding enable chemists to predict properties and reactions and to
adapt these for particular purposes.
Students explore key concepts and models through active inquiry into phenomena and
through contexts that exemplify the role of chemistry and chemists in society. Students
design and conduct qualitative and quantitative investigations both individually and
collaboratively. They investigate questions and hypotheses, manipulate variables, analyze
data, evaluate claims, solve problems and develop and communicate evidence-based
arguments and models. Thinking in chemistry involves using differing scales including
macro-, micro- and nano-scales; using specialized representations such as chemical symbols
and equations; and being creative, as when designing new materials or models of chemical
systems. The study of chemistry provides a foundation for undertaking investigations in a
wide range of scientific fields and often provides the unifying link across interdisciplinary
studies.
Some of the major challenges and opportunities facing Pakistan at the beginning of the
twenty-first century are inextricably associated with chemistry. Issues of sustainability on
local, national and global levels are, and will continue to be, tackled by the application of
chemical knowledge, using a range of technologies. These include issues such as the supply
of clean drinking water, efficient production and use of energy, management of mineral
resources, increasing acidification of the oceans, and climate change.
Studying senior secondary Science provides students with a suite of skills and understandings
that are valuable to a wide range of further study pathways and careers. An understanding of
chemistry is relevant to a range of careers, including those in forensic science, food science,
environmental science, engineering, medicine, pharmacy and sports science. Additionally,
chemistry knowledge is valuable in occupations that rely on an understanding of materials
and their interactions, such as art, wine making, agriculture, and food technology. Some
students will use this course as a foundation to pursue further studies in chemistry, and all
students will become more informed citizens, able to use chemical knowledge to inform
evidence-based decision making and engage critically with contemporary scientific issues.
Page 4 of 50
Eligibility Criteria for Ph. D. Chemistry
Minimum CGPA 3.0 out of 4.0 in the semester system or 1st division in the annual system
in MPhil/MS or equivalent degree in Chemistry or 18 years of education with chemistry
from any HEC recognized university or degree awarding institution.
The students shall be required to take subject based Entry Test and meet the qualifying
criteria.
Applicant must be accompanied with a concept paper/ research proposal.
Recommendation of Ph. D. Admission Committee after the interview is mandatory.
Admission Criteria
Merit lists will be prepared/ Admission will be awarded in accordance with the criteria given
in “University of Okara Admission Regulations”.
Assessment Mechanism
Assessment and evaluation of students will be according to the “Assessment and Evaluation
Regulations” of the University of Okara.
Degree Requirements
The degree of Ph. D. in Chemistry will be awarded in accordance with the “Assessment and
Evaluation Regulations” and “Regulations for Ph. D.” of the University of Okara.
Title of the Degree
The title of the degree will be “Doctor of Philosophy in Chemistry”.
Page 5 of 50
Scheme of Studies
Ph. D. Chemistry
Year 1 (Two Semesters): Course Work
Year 2 to onwards: Research Work
Decoding of CHEM XXXX
CHEM XXXX Analytical Applied Inorganic Organic Physical
CHEM XXXX Paper-I CHEM XXXX CHEM XXXX CHEM XXXX CHEM XXXX CHEM XXXX
CHEM XXXX Paper-II CHEM XXXX CHEM XXXX CHEM XXXX CHEM XXXX CHEM XXXX
CHEM XXXX Paper-III CHEM XXXX CHEM XXXX CHEM XXXX CHEM XXXX CHEM XXXX
CHEM XXXX Paper-IV CHEM XXXX CHEM XXXX CHEM XXXX CHEM XXXX CHEM XXXX
CHEM XXXX Paper-V CHEM XXXX CHEM XXXX CHEM XXXX CHEM XXXX CHEM XXXX
CHEM XXXX Paper-VI CHEM XXXX CHEM XXXX CHEM XXXX CHEM XXXX CHEM XXXX
CHEM 9000 Thesis CHEM 9000
* Institutions may increase the credit hours of research work as per their requirement.
* The University reserves the right to change/ revise any course(s) with the approval of
Academic Council at any time.
Page 6 of 50
Semester Wise Break Up
Ph. D. Chemistry (Total Credit Hours = 27)
Course Code Course Title Credit Hours
Semester- I
CHEM XXXX Paper-I 3
CHEM XXXX Paper-II 3
CHEM XXXX Paper-III 3
Total 09
Semester- II
CHEM XXXX Paper-IV 3
CHEM XXXX Paper-V 3
CHEM XXXX Paper-VI 3
Total 09
Semester- III to onwards
CHEM 9000 Thesis 9
Total 9
Total Credit Hours for Ph. D. Chemistry 27
* As per HEC policy and international standards credit hours for Ph. D. would be 27 credit,
18
credit hours for courses and 9 credit hours for research.
Proposed Courses
Institutions shall have to offer courses of 18 credit hours out of the following list depend on
the availability of faculty. New courses may also be designed according to the expertise
available.
Page 7 of 50
Courses of Analytical Chemistry
CHEM 7001 Advanced Analytical Instrumental Techniques
CHEM 7002 Surface Analysis Techniques
CHEM 7003 Advanced Thermal Analysis
CHEM 7004 Analysis and Characterization of Polymers
CHEM 7005 Advanced Atomic Spectroscopy
CHEM 7006 Chromatographic Methods of Analysis
CHEM 7007 Advanced Molecular Spectroscopy
CHEM 7008 Bio-analytical Chemistry
CHEM 7009 Polymer Characterization by Hyphenated Techniques
CHEM 7010 Recent Advances in Analytical Chemistry
CHEM 7011 Environmental Analysis
CHEM 7012 Laser and Luminescence Spectroscopy
Courses of Applied Chemistry
CHEM 7021 Corrosion Chemistry
CHEM 7022 Green Chemistry
CHEM 7023 Industrial Catalysis
CHEM 7024 Pharmaceutical Chemistry
CHEM 7025 Agrochemicals
CHEM 7026 Chemistry of Dyes and Pigments
CHEM 7027 Industrial Polymers
CHEM 7028 Applied Atomic Spectroscopy
CHEM 7029 Applied Mass Spectrometry
CHEM 7030 Chemistry of Supramolecules
CHEM 7031 Phase Transfer Catalysis
CHEM 7032 Applied Nuclear Chemistry
Page 8 of 50
Courses of Inorganic Chemistry
CHEM 7041 Composite Materials
CHEM 7042 Inorganic Electronic Spectroscopy
CHEM 7043 Kinetics and Mechanisms of Inorganic Reactions
CHEM 7044 Organo-transition Metal Chemistry
CHEM 7045 Bio-Inorganic Chemistry
CHEM 7046 Advance Chemical Kinetics
CHEM 7047 Metal Based Drugs
CHEM 7048 Extractive Metallurgy
CHEM 7049 Nano Chemistry
CHEM 7050 Applied Transition Metal Catalytic Chemistry
CHEM 7051 Photochemical Reactions of Transition Metals
CHEM 7052 Solid State Chemistry
Courses of Organic Chemistry
CHEM 7061 Asymmetric synthesis and Named Reactions
CHEM 7062 Advance Heterocyclic Chemistry and Retro Analysis
CHEM 7063 Advance Spectroscopic Techniques
CHEM 7064 Biosynthesis of Natural Products
CHEM 7065 Organometallics and Color Chemistry
CHEM 7066 Polymers and Alpha Carbon Chemistry
CHEM 7067 Recent Advances in Organic Chemistry
CHEM 7068 Advanced Heterocycles II
CHEM 7069 Pericyclic Reactions
CHEM 7070 Symmetry Controlled Reactions
CHEM 7071 Chemistry of Glycosides
CHEM 7072 Physio-Organic Chemistry and Reaction Mechanism
CHEM 7073 Advanced Stereochemistry
CHEM 7074 Modern Trends in Organic Synthesis
Page 9 of 50
Courses of Physical Chemistry
CHEM 7081 Radiation Chemistry
CHEM 7082 Photochemistry
CHEM 7083 Molecular Spectroscopy
CHEM 7084 Colloids and Surfactants
CHEM 7085 Recent Advances and Applications in Computational Chemistry
CHEM 7086 Solution Chemistry
CHEM 7087 Physical Chemistry of Biomolecules
CHEM 7088 Heterogeneous Catalysis
CHEM 7089 Modern Aspects of Chemical Kinetics
CHEM 7090 Environmental Chemistry and Energy Conversions
CHEM 7091 Magnetic Spin Dynamics
CHEM 7092 Electrode Processes
CHEM 7093 Complex Extension of Quantum Chemistry
CHEM 7094 Recent Advances in Physical Chemistry
CHEM 7095 Physical Chemistry of Polymers and Composites
CHEM 7096 Biophysical Chemistry
CHEM 7097 Advanced Reaction Dynamics
CHEM 7098 Research Methodology and Chemical Data Handling
Page 10 of 50
Analytical Chemistry
CHEM 7001 Advanced Analytical Instrumental Techniques 03 (3 + 0)
Principles of mass spectrometry, supercritical fluid chromatography and high speed counter
current chromatography, Instrumentation and applications of mass spectrometry, supercritical
fluid chromatography and high speed counter current chromatography, gel-electrophoresis:
Theory and applications. Discussion on relevant research papers and review articles.
Recommended Books
1. D. A. Skoog, Principles of Instrumental Analysis, 3rd ed., Saunder College Publishing,
Philadelphia (1984).
2. G. W. Ewing, Instrumental Methods of Chemical Analysis, McGraw-Hill, New York
(1985).
3. D. A. Skoog et al., West and Holler, Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry, 8th ed.,
Thomson, Brooks/Cole, Australia (2004).
4. A. Braithwaite and F. J. Smith, Chromatographic Methods, Chapman and Hall, New
York(1985).
CHEM 7002 Surface Analysis Techniques 03 (3 + 0)
Introduction, Theory, Principle and Instrumentation of Auger Electron Microscopy, Scanning
Electron microscopy, Transmission electron microscopy, Vibrational spectroscopy from
surfaces, Scanning Probe Microscopy. XRD. Applications of surface analytical techniques.
Recommended Books
1. J. C. Vickerman, I. Gilmore, “Surface Analysis, the Principle techniques”, 2nd Ed, John
Wiley and Sons, New York, USA (2009).
2. D. J. O’ Connor, B. A. Sexton, “Surface Analysis Methods in Material Science”, Volume
23, 2nd Ed, USA (2003).
3. J. M. Walls, “Methods for Surface Analysis, Techniques and Applications” Press,
University of Cambridge, UK (1990).
4. J. F. Watts, J. Wolstenholme, “An Introduction to the Surface Analysis by XPS and AES”,
John Wiley and Sons, New York, USA (2003).
5. H. A. Liebhafsky, H. G. Pfeiffer, E. H. Winslow, P. D. Zemany, "X-Rays, Electrons, and
Analytical Chemistry", Wiley-Interscience, New York, USA (1972).
Page 11 of 50
CHEM 7003 Advanced Thermal Analysis 3(3-0)
Theory and instrumentation: Thermogravimetery (TG), Differential Thermal Analysis
(DTA), Differential Scanning Calorimetery (DSC). Quantitative interpretation: TGA, DTA,
DSC curves. Applications: DTA, TGA in cements, catalysis, clays, minerals, biological
materials, drugs, polymers and textiles.
Recommended Books
1. T. Hatakeyama and F. X. Quinn, 2nd ed., Thermal Analysis Fundamentals and
Applications to Polymer Science, John Wiley, New York (1999).
2. P. J. Haines, Thermal Methods of Analysis, Blackie Academic and Professional,
London (1995).
3. W. W. M. Wendlandt, Thermal Analysis, 3rd ed., John Wiley, New York (1986).
4. T. Hatakeyama and F. X. Quinn, 2nd ed., Thermal Analysis Fundamentals and
Applications to Polymer Science, John Wiley, New York (1999).
6. J. W. Dodd and K. H. Tonge, Thermal Method: Analytical Chemistry by Open
Learning, John Wiley (1987).
CHEM 7004 Analysis and Characterization of Polymers 3(3-0)
The polymerization processes and techniques, molecular weight and its determination,
polymer additives (plasticizers, stabilizers and fillers). Chemical analysis, GPC and other
chromatographic methods of analysis. Mechanical, thermal, spectroscopic, microscopic and
X-ray diffraction analysis. Synthetic and degradation reactions.
Recommended Books
1. J. M. G. Cowie, Polymers: Chemistry and Physics of Modern Materials, International
Textbook Co., London (1973).
2. F. W. Billmeyer, Textbook of Polymer Science, 3rd ed, John Wiley & Sons, New York
(1994).
3. C. E. Carraher, Seymour/Carraher’s Polymer Chemistry, 5th ed., Revised and Expanded,
Marcel Dekker, New York (2000).
4. C. E. Carraher, Introduction to Polymer Chemistry, CRC Taylor and Francis Group, New
York (2007).
5. J. R. Fried, Polymer Science and Technology, Prentice HALL PTR (1995).
6. Rudin, The Elements of Polymer Science and Engineering, Academic Press (1999).
7. T. R. Crompton, Analysis of Polymers: An Introduction, Pergamon Press (1989).
8. E. Carraher, Jr., Polymer Chemistry, An Introduction, 4th ed., Marcel Dekker Inc (1992).
Page 12 of 50
CHEM 7005 Advanced Atomic Spectroscopy 3(3-0)
Atomic spectroscopy: Quantitative and qualitative aspects, spectra from high energy sources.
Atomic absorption spectroscopy: Flame and electrothermal atomization, cold vapor and
hydride generation techniques, construction, working, advantages and limitations of
instrumental components. Optimization parameters: Interferences and applications of atomic
absorption spectroscopy. Atomic fluorescence spectroscopy: Theory and applications,
comparisons of AFS with AAS. Atomic emissions spectroscopy: Based on plasma sources,
simultaneous and sequential systems, experimental considerations and performance
characteristics, instrumentation and applications of ICP-AES. Electric Arc and spark
emission spectrophotometric methods: Lasers, analytical applications in atomic spectroscopy.
QA and QC in atomic spectroscopy methods: Data handling and statistical manipulation.
Recommended Books
1. E. H Evans, An Introduction to Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, John Wiley & Sons Ltd.,
New York (1998).
2. J. R. Dean, Atomic Absorption and Plasma Spectroscopy, 2nd ed., D. J. Ando, (Ed),
John Wiley and Sons (1997).
3. Montaser and D. W. Goloightly, Inductively Coupled Plasmas in Analytical Atomic
Spectrometry, VCH Publishers Inc., New York (1992).
4. M. Thomson, and J. N. Walsh, Handbook of Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectrometry,
2nd ed., Blackie and Son Ltd., Glasgow and London (1989).
5. F. Rouessac and A. Rouessac, Chemical Analysis-Modern Instrumental Methods and
Techniques, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., UK (2000).
6. K. A. Rubinson and J. F. Rubinson, Contemporary Instrumental Analysis, Prentice-Hall,
Inc., USA (2000).
7. D. A. Skoog and J. J. Leary, Principles of Instrumental Analysis, 4th ed., Saunders
College Publishing, USA (1992).
Page 13 of 50
CHEM 7006 Chromatographic Methods of Analysis 3(3-0)
Introduction: Classification of chromatographic methods, theory of separations and retention
characteristics, description of chromatograms, Chromatographic parameters:
The Van-Deemter equation, column efficiency, band broadening and resolution.
Types of liquid chromatography: Working methodology, instrumentation and applications of
adsorption partition, ion exchange, gel permeation, affinity and high performance liquid
chromatography, effect of temperature, particle size, column size, pressure and HETP.
Detectors for liquid chromatography: High performance thin layer chromatography.
Gas-Chromatography: sample introduction, splitters, columns and detectors in GC,
optimization of gas chromatographic separations.
Recommended Books
1. D. Harvey, Modern Analytical Chemistry, McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. (2000).
2. K. A. Rubinson and J. F. Rubinson, Contemporary Instrumental Analysis, Prentice-Hall,
Inc., USA (2000).
A. Braithwaite and F. J. Smith, Chromatographic Methods, Chapman and Hall, New York
(1985).
3. J. Weiss, Ion Chromatography, 2nd ed., VCH Publishers Inc, New York (1995).
4. F. Rouessac and A. Rouessac, Chemical Analysis-Modern Instrumental Methods and
Techniques, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., UK (2000).
5. G. D. Christian, Analytical Chemistry, 6th ed., John Wiley & Sons Ltd., Singapore (2003).
6. D. A. Skoog and J. J. Leary, Principles of Instrumental Analysis, 4th ed., Saunders
College Publishing, USA (1992).
7. D. C. Harris, Quantitative Chemical Analysis, 3rd ed., W. H. Freeman Company, New
York (1991).
Page 14 of 50
CHEM 7007 Advanced Molecular Spectroscopy 3(3-0)
UV/Visible Spectroscopy, Beer-Lamberts law, Instrumentation and application, Working
of single and double beam spectrophotometer, Application of UV/Visible Spectroscopy,
Infrared Spectroscopy, modes and absorption frequencies, Hooks Law, Instrumentation
and sample handling, Interpretation of Infrared spectra, Applications of Infrared
spectroscopy, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Spin flipping Nuclear Precession and
absorption of electromagnetic radiation, Chemical shift, Sample handling and
Instrumentation, Mass spectroscopy, Principle, Instrumentation, The mass spectrum,
Modes of Fragmentation, Applications of mass spectroscopy.
Recommended Books
1. A. G. Dudek, An Introduction to Proton NMR Spectroscopy, 1st Ed., Holden Day,
San Francisco, USA (1976).
2. D. L. Pavia, G. M. Lampman, G. S. Kriz, Jr., Introduction to Spectroscopy, 2nd Ed,
W. B. Saunders, USA (1979).
3. D. W. Mathieson, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance for Organic Chemistry, Academic
Press, London, UK (1967).
4. A. Douglas, F. Skoog, J. Holler, T. A. Nieman, Principles of Instrumental Analysis,
5th Ed, Saunders College Publishing, New York, USA (1997).
5. E. D. Hoffmann, V. Stroobant (Editors) Mass Spectrometry: Principles and
Applications 2nd Ed, John Wiley & Sons; USA (2001).
6. G. D. Christian, J.E. O'Reilley, Instrumental Analysis, 2nd Ed, Boston, USA (1986).
7. G.W. Ewing, Instrumental Methods of Chemical Analysis, 5th Ed, McGraw-Hill,
New York, USA (1985).
8. H. Budzikiewitz, C. Djerassi, and D. H. Williams, Mass Spectrometry, Holden-Day.
San Francisco, USA (1967).
9. J. R. Chapman, Practical Organic Mass Spectrometry, John Wiley and Sons, USA
(1985).
Page 15 of 50
CHEM 7008 Bio-analytical Chemistry 3(3-0)
Introduction and interdisciplinary scope of emerging field of bio analytical chemistry. Recent
advances for the study and quantification of biological molecules (proteins, amino acids,
peptides, carbohydrates, lipids, and vitamins) using spectroscopy (UV-Vis, Raman, NMR,
mass spectrometry and light scattering), bioseparations (chromatography, electrophoresis,
and microdialysis) and bioelectrochemistry (biosensors). Role and health implications of n-3,
n-6 (polyunsaturated), cis/trans fatty acids, Introduction to metals of biological importance
and their functions in enzyme catalysis, metal ions and chelating agents for medicinal and
medical purposes. Essential, trace and toxic metals in biological systems. Structural and
functional properties of biomaterials, their chemistry, biochemical aspects and applications in
medicine.
Recommended Books
1. David, J.H. 1998. Analytical Biochemistry. Prentice Hall, England.
2. Harris, D.C. 2009. Quantitative Chemical Analysis. Freeman and Company. New York.
3. Mikkelsen, S.R. and E. Corton, 2004. Bio-analytical Chemistry. Jhon Will. McGraw Hill
Book Co., New York.
4. Sawhney, S.K. and R. Singh. 2005. Introductory Practical Biochemistry. Narosa
Publishing House New Delhi, India.
5. Wilson, K. and J. Walker. 2005. Principles and Techniques of Biochemistry and
Molecular Biology. 6th ed. Cambridge University Press. UK.
Page 16 of 50
CHEM 7009 Polymer Characterization by Hyphenated Techniques 3(3-0)
Introduction to polymers, Properties of Polymers, Thermal analysis of polymers, Chemical
analysis of polymers, Hyphenation in polymer analysis, Hyphenation of size exclusion
chromatography with selective detectors, two dimensional liquid chromatography,
Combination of High performance liquid chromatography HPLC and Mass spectrometry
(Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Time of Flight Mass spectrometry). Spectroscopic
techniques, FTIR, NMR for polymer analysis.
Recommended Books
1. T. Provder, H. G. Barth, M. W. Urban, Chromatographic Characterization of Polymer,
Hyphenated and Multidimensional Techniques, American Chemical Society, Washington
DC, USA (1995).
2. Snyder, J. J. Kirkland, Introduction to Modern Liquid Chromatography, 2nd Ed, Wiley,
New York, USA (1979).
3. Stock, Rice, Chromatographic methods, 2nd Ed, Chapman and Hall, UK (1967).
4. R. P. W. Scott, Techniques and Practices of Chromatography, 2nd Ed, Marcel Dekker,
UK (1995).
CHEM 7010 Recent Advances in Analytical Chemistry 3(3-0)
Latest advances in following areas of analytical chemistry will be studied: Ultrafast
spectroscopy and its applications; High speed counter current chromatography; Mousbar
spectroscopy; Radio-analytical methods of analysis; Luminescence spectroscopy; Flow
injection analysis; Microscopy and surface analysis; Diffraction based advance analytical
techniques; Analytical review of latest books and research papers/review articles.
Recommended Books
1. Christian, G.D, 2006. Analytical Chemistry, 6th Ed, John Wiley & Sons, New York, USA
2. Harris, D.C. 2009. Quantitative Chemical Analysis. Freeman and Company. New York.
USA
3. Rouessac, F. and A. Rouessac. 2007. Chemical Analysis, Modern Instrumentation
Methods and Techniques. John Wiley & Sons, New York, USA
4. Sharma, B.K. 2005. Instrumental Methods of Chemical Analysis, Goel Publishing House,
Meerut, India.
5. Skoog, D.A., F.J. Holler and T.A. Nieman. 2009. Instrumental Analysis. 6th Ed, Saunders
College Publishing, New York, USA.
Page 17 of 50
CHEM 7011 Environmental Analysis 3(3-0)
Introduction, General principle and Techniques. Soil, sludge, sediment and dust analysis.
Analysis of plant Material, Analysis of Atmospheric samples, Analysis of Water
determination of toxic organic Chemistry. Analysis of toxic heavy metals. Biological
indicators, Echo toxicology.
Recommended Books
1. B. B. Kebbekus, S. Mitra “Environmental Chemical Analysis”, 1st Ed., Blackie Academic
& Professional, New York, USA (1998).
2. D. Barcelo, “Environmental analysis: Techniques, Applications and Quality Assurance”,
Volume 13, Elsevier B.V., Netherland (1993).
3. P. Patnaik, “Handbook of Environmental Analysis”, 2nd Ed, CRC Press, Taylor and
Francis Group, UK (2010).
CHEM 7012 Laser and Luminescence Spectroscopy 3(3-0)
Introduction, principle, laser operation, spontaneous emission mission, stimulated emission,
population in inversion, population inversion in two level system, three level system in four
level system. Properties of laser light. Types of lasers; nitrogen laser CO2 laser, ruby laser,
dye laser. Uses of lasers. Radiation in absorption fluorescence spectroscopic methods.
Applications. Laser induced chemical reactions laser in industrial chemical processes.
Atomic and molecular fluorescence spectroscopy basic principle and instrumentation,
structural factors, instrumentation for fluorescence and Phosphorescence Measurement,
Room temperature Phosphorescence, Comparison of Luminescence and UV-Visible
Absorption Methods.
Recommended Books
1. S. Stenholm, “Foundations of laser spectroscopy”, John Wiley and Sons Inc., 605 Third
Avenue, New York, USA (2008).
2. W. Demtroder, “Laser Spectroscopy: Basic Concepts and Instrumentation, 3rd Ed.,
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York, USA (2003).
3. D. A. Cremers, L. J. Radziemski, “Handbook of Laser-Induced Breakdown
Spectroscopy”, John Wiley & Sons, USA (2006).
4. C. Ronda, “Luminescence”, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.
Germany (2008).
5. B. Valeur, “Molecular Fluorescence, Principle and Application” Wiley-VCH, Weinheim,
Germany (2002).
6. Ebdon, E. H. Evans (ed.), A. Fisher and S.J. Hill “An Introduction to Analytical Atomic
Spectrometry” Wiley, Chichester, USA (1998).
Page 18 of 50
Applied Chemistry
CHEM 7021 Corrosion Chemistry 3(3−0)
Introduction to corrosion, Importance of corrosion, Corrosion Mechanisms, Corrosion
products, Factors affecting rate of corrosion, General types of corrosion, Types of corrosion
under organic coatings, oxidative corrosion. corrosion causing substances, Corrosion of
nonmetals; Corrosion protection: Methods for corrosion control, electrochemical protection,
special paints and coatings (Metallic, organic and inorganic nonmetallic coatings), Acid
pickling, Corrosion inhibitors.
Recommended Books
1. Revie, R.W., Uhlig, H. H. 2008. Corrosion and Corrosion Control, An Introduction to
Corrosion Science and Engineering, 4th Ed, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
2. Bardal, E. 2004. Corrosion and Protection, Springer-Verlag London Limited
3. Roberge, P.R. 2008. Corrosion Engineering Principles and Practice, The McGraw-Hill
Companies, Inc.
4. Landolt, D. 2007. Corrosion and Surface Chemistry of Metals, E P F L P r e s s,
Switzerland
5. Talbot, D., Talbot, J. 1998. Corrosion Science and Technology, 2ND Ed. CRC Press LLC.
6. Forsgren, A. 2006. Corrosion control through organic coating, CRC, Press, LLC. Taylor
& Francis Group, LLC
CHEM 7022 Green Chemistry 3(3-0)
The fundamentals of green chemistry, Atom economy, Life cycle assessment, use of
renewable resources, Catalysis for green chemistry (with reference to general, inorganic,
organic and polymer chemistry), Alternative solvents and reaction media, Energy and the
environment, Global warming, Renewable energy
Recommended Books
1. Lancaster, M. 2010. Green Chemistry – An introductory text, Royal Society of
Chemistry
2. Roger A. Sheldon, Isabel Arends, and Ulf Hanefeld. 2007. Green Chemistry and
Catalysis, Wiley-VCH, Weiheim, Germany
Page 19 of 50
CHEM 7023 Industrial Catalysis 3(3−0)
Catalysis; Classification of catalysts; activity, selectivity and stability of catalysis;
Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysis, Electrocatalysis; Electrocatalytic Processes;
Electrocatalysis in Fuel Cells, Comparison between Electrocatalysis and Heterogeneous
Catalysis, Biocatalysis: Basics of enzymatic catalysis, Mechanisms and Applications of
Enzyme Catalysis, Photocatalysis: Basic Principles, Photoreduction and Oxidation of Water,
Photocleavage of Water, Economic Importance of Catalysts, Future Development of
Catalysis
Recommended Books
1. Roberts, S.M., Poignant, G. 2002. Catalysts for Fine Chemical Synthesis, Vol. 1., John
Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
2. Rothenberg, G. 2008. Catalysis, Concepts and Green Applications, Wiley-VCH Verlag
GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
3. Schmidt, S. R. 2007. Catalysis of Organic Reactions, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
4. Hagen, J. 2006. Industrial Catalysis, A Practical Approach, 2ND Ed. Wiley-VCH Verlag
GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany
5. Wijngaarden, R. J., Kronberg, A., Westertep, K. R. 1998. Industrial Catalysis, Wiley-
VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany
Page 20 of 50
CHEM 7024 Pharmaceutical Chemistry 3(3−0)
Physico-chemical factors, Physical chemistry concepts in pharmaceuticals, structural features
and biological activity (Chemical structure and chemoselectivity), Drug metabolism, Phase-I
and Phase-II reactions. Drug action on enzymes, Drug actions on receptors, Prodrugs,
Bioisosteres, Synthesis, absorption, biotransformation, excretion mode of action and
toxicology of following drugs. Sulfonamides including N1 and N4 derivatives, phenomenon
of synergism. Antipyretic analygesics like aniline derivatives, salicylates and quinolines.
Sedatives and hypnotics including barbiturates and non barbiturates. Antibiotics; penicillins,
tetracyclines, chloramphenicol and aminoglycoside antibiotics. Cardiovascular agents
including cardiotonic, hypotensive, hypocholestrolemic, anticoagulants and hypoglycemic
agents, Vitamins, Steroids.
Recommended Books
1. Ahuja, S. and Scypinski S., 2001, Handbook of Modern Pharmaceutical Analysis,
Academic Press, A Harcourt Science and Technology Company, USA
2. H. Buschman etal., 2002. Analysis from Chemistry & Pharmacology to Clinical
Application. Wiley-VCH, Inc. Germany
3. D. Cairns, 2008. essentials of Pharmaceuticals Chemistry, 3rd Ed., Pharmaceuticals Press.
4. A. Kleemann, J. Angel, 2000. Pharmaceuticals, substance, synthesis, patents &
Applications,
5. J. P. Griffin, The Textbook of Pharmaceuticals Medicines, 4th Ed. BMJ Books. Inc.,
Page 21 of 50
CHEM 7025 Agrochemicals 3(3−0)
Introduction, preparation, properties, uses and care in handling of pesticides, herbicides,
weedicides, biocides, insecticides and fungicides, Specific pesticides for specific vector of
diseases for various categories of crops (for Pakistani crops, fruits); Micronutrients and plant
regulators; Hazards associated with use of Agro-Chemicals (chlorinated, organophosphate,
carbamate, parathyroid) and environmental aspects; Various sources of hydrogen and
nitrogen, preparation of ammonia (Habers process) and its use as fertilizer; Raw materials,
preparation and uses of urea; Calcium Fertilizers (Calcium ammonium nitrate, Calcium
cyanamide, Calcium super phosphate and triple super phosphate); Preparation and uses of
Potash Fertilizers
Recommended Books
1. Waxman, M.F., 1998. Agrochemical & Pesticide Safety Handbook, CRC, Press, Lewis
Publishers, Washington, DC.
2. Knowles, D.A. 1998. Chemistry and Technology of Agrochemical Formulations, Kluwer
Academic Publishers, Dordrecht
3. Stenersen, J. 2004. Chemical Pesticides Mode of Action and Toxicology, CRC Press,
Washington, D.C.
4. Ohkawa, H., Miyagawa,H. and Lee, P.W. Pesticide Chemistry, Crop Protection, Public
Health, Environmental Safety, Wiley-VCH, Verlag, Germany
CHEM 7026 Chemistry of Dyes and Pigments 3(3−0)
Introduction to dyes, dye stuff intermediates their nomenclature and classification. Colour
and chemical constitution, Synthesis and applications of some important dyes such as azo,
diphenylmethane, triphenylmethane, xanthene, phthaleins, indigoid, antraquinoid and
phthalocyanine Chemistry of pigments, characterization of dyes and pigments, Fluorescent
Brightening Agent (FBA) and blueing agents, Non textile applications of dyes, Natural Dyes,
their extraction and application, advantages and disadvantages of natural dyes application
Recommended Books
1. Nietzki,B., 1988. Chemistry of the Organic Dyestuffs, Taylor and Francis, London.
2. Kim, S. H., 2006. Functional Dyes, Elsevier B.V. Ltd
3. Hunger, K., 2003. Industrial Dyes Chemistry, Properties, Applications, Wiley-VCH
Germany.
4. Buxbaum, G., and Pfaff, G., 2005. Industrial Inorganic Pigments 3rd Edition, Wiley-VCH
Germany.
5. Herbst, W., Hunger, K., 2004. Industrial Organic Pigments 3rd Edition, Wiley-VCH
Germany
Page 22 of 50
CHEM 7027 Industrial Polymers 3(3−0)
Introduction to polymer chemistry. Step-growth polymerization, free radical addition
polymerization, ionic polymerization; stereochemistry polymers; polymerization using
Ziegler-Ziegler-Niegler-Natta catalyst. Stereo-regulation and conformation of polymers.
Molecular weight determination. Structure property relation. Synthesis properties and
industrial utilization of different addition and condensation polymers, Reactions of synthetic
polymers; polymers degradation and stability with special emphasis on thermal and photo-
degradation, Introduction to polymer compounding and processing.
Recommended Books
1. Ciesielki A.,1999, An Introduction to Rubber Technology, Rapra Technology Limited,
Shropshire, UK
2. Herman, F.M. 2005. Encyclopedia of Polymer Sciences, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
3. Brydson, J.A., 1999. Plastics Materials, 7th Edition, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford.
4. Bhowmick, A. K and Stephens H. L, 2001, Handbook of Elastomers, Second Edition,
Marcel Dekker, Inc. New York.
CHEM 7028 Applied Atomic Spectroscopy 3(3-0)
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS); Principles, instrumentation and applications of
atomic absorption spectroscopy, modern heating sources, graphite furnace, interferences,
recent development, detailed qualitative and quantitative analysis and applications, Atomic
Emission Spectroscopy (AES); Various types of electrical discharge sources; DC arc, AC arc,
high voltage AC sparks, for emission spectroscopy, Inductively coupled plasma emission
spectrometry (ICPES)
Recommended Books
1. Skoog, D. A. and Leary, J.J. 1991. Principles of Instrumental Analysis, 4th eds. Saunders
College Publishing.
2. Khopkar, S.M. 2008. Basic Concepts of Analytical Chemistry, New Age International
Publishers, New Delhi, India.
3. Christian, G.D. 2003. Analytical Chemistry, 6th eds. John Wiley and Sons, New York
4. Kealey, D. and Haines, P.J. 2002. Analytical Chemistry, Bios Scientific Publishers
Limited, Oxford, UK.
5. Skoog, D.A., West, D.M. and Holler, F.J. 1997. Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry,
Harcourt College Publishers
Page 23 of 50
CHEM 7029 Applied Mass Spectrometry 3(3-0)
The mass spectrometer, Introduction, principle and instrumentation, ion sources, mass
analyzers, ion detection and recording. Electron impact and chemical ionization, field
ionization, field desorption, fast atom bombardment, plasma desorption, electrospray mass
spectra and different mass analyzer modes of MS. Fragmentation pattern of common
functional groups. Structure elucidation using mass spectrometry in conjunction with other
spectroscopic techniques, applications of MS in applied fields.
Recommended Books
1. Skoog, D. A. and Leary, J.J. 1991. Principles of Instrumental Analysis, 4th eds. Saunders
College Publishing.
2. Christian, G.D. 2003. Analytical Chemistry, 6th eds. John Wiley and Sons, New York
3. Kealey, D. and Haines, P.J. 2002. Analytical Chemistry, Bios Scientific Publishers
Limited, Oxford, UK.
4. Skoog, D.A., West, D.M. and Holler, F.J. 1997. Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry,
Harcourt College Publishers
5. Robert, M. Silverstein, G. Clayton Bassler and Terence, C. Morrill. 1981. Spectrometric
Identification of Organic Compounds. John Wiley and Sons. New York, USA.
Page 24 of 50
CHEM 7030 Chemistry of Supramolecules 3(3-0)
Supramolecular Chemistry: Basic concept, Forces assisting supramolecular organization,
Molecular recognition as the basis for supramolecular chemistry, Molecular interactions in
molecular recognition, Crown ethers and related hosts; Chemistry and Nomenclature of
dendrimers, Synthetic methods for dendritic molecules: Divergent synthesis, Convergent
synthesis, Recent synthetic methods, Solid phase synthesis, Coordination-chemical synthesis,
Supramolecular synthesis, Hyperbranched polymers, Dendronised linear polymers, Dendro-
Isomers, Achiral dendrimers synthesis, Chiral dendrimers synthesis,
Special properties and potential applications: Dendrimers as catalyst supports, Dendritic
polymers for printing inks, Dendritic polymers for paints, Dendritic polymers as additives in
foam formulation, Network precursors for plastics, Dendrimers as nanocapsules for dyes,
Dendrimers for displays and electronics, Liquid-crystalline dendrimers, Dendrimers in sensor
technology, Medical applications, Dendrimers in nanotechnology.
Recommended Books
1. Vogtle, F. and Richardt, G. and Werner, N. 2009. Dendrimer Chemistry Concepts,
Syntheses, Properties, Applications, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
2. Newkome, G. R., Moorefield, C.N. Vogtle, F. 1996. Dendritic Molecules, Concepts
Syntheses . Perspectives, VCH Publishers, Inc., New York, NY (USA).
3. F. Diederich et al., 2008. Molecular Supra molecular Chemistry, Wiley-VCH., Inc.,
4. Haidduc, F.T. Edolmal, 1994. Supramolecular Organo-metallic Chemistry, Wiley-VCH.
Inc.,
5. U.Boas, J. B. Cristensen, & P.N.H. Heegaard, 2006. Dendrimers in Medicine and
Biotechnology, Royal Chemical Society, USA.
6. C. Alberto, 2000. Supramolecular Polymers, Marcel Dekker, New York, Inc.
CHEM 7031 Phase Transfer Catalysis 3(3−0)
Definition and Scope, Principles and theory of phase-transfer catalysis, Advantages of phase-
transfer catalysis, quaternary ammonium compounds, phosphonium compounds, crown
ethers, phase-transfer catalyzed alkylation reactions, phase-transfer catalyzed preparation of
epoxy resins, polyesters, polycarbonates and polythiocarbonates, polyethers.
Recommended Books
1. Charles M. Starks, Charles Leonard Liotta, Marc Halpern. Phase-Transfer Catalysis:
Fundamentals, Applications, and Industrial Perspectives, Springer.
2. Richard Alan Jones, Quaternary Ammonium Salts: Their Use in Phase-transfer Catalysed
Reactions, Academic Press.
Page 25 of 50
CHEM 7032 Applied Nuclear Chemistry 3(3-0)
Fundamentals of nuclear chemistry, Branches of nuclear chemistry (Radiochemistry,
Radiation Chemistry), Difference in Photochemistry and Radiation Chemistry; Nuclear
techniques for irradiation. Kinetic studies of radiolysis. Dosimetry (physical and chemical).
Radiation chemical yields. Radiolysis studies of gaseous, water, aqueous and organic
systems. Radiation induced polymerization; Kinetics and radiolysis of macromolecules,
Effect of radiations in textile dyeing, Foof preservations by radiation, waste-water treatment
by radiations, Radiology. Radiochemistry and its application in medicine, Monitoring of
environmental radioactivity and management of nuclear waste.
Recommended Books
1. Spinks, J. W.T. and Wood, R. J., An Introduction to Radiation Chemistry 3rd edition,
John Wiley & Sons, INC New York, 1990.
2. Mourizat, M.S., Mostafvi, M., Douki, T. and Belloni, J., EDP sciences. 2008.
3. Icanov, V. S., Radiation Chemistry of Polymers, Konin Klijke Wohrmann. BV,
Netherland, 1992.
4. Wishart, J. F and Rao, B. S.M., Recent Trends in Radiation Chemistry, World
Scientific2010 Corporation, UK.
5. Makuuchi,K and Cheng, S., Radiation Processing of Polymer Materials and its Industrial
Application, John Wiley, New Jersey, USA, 2012.
6. Woods, R. J., and Pikaev, A. K., Applied Radiation Chemistry, John Wiley, New Jersey,
USA, 1994.
7. Hauser, P., Textile Dyeing, Intec Weel, Croatia, 2011.
Page 26 of 50
Inorganic Chemistry
CHEM 7041 Composite Materials 3(3-0)
Materials, composite materials and their classification, matrices and reinforcements for
composites. Reinforcements-matrix interface properties and processing of composites with
metallic, ceramic and polymeric composites. Mechanical, dynamic mechanical and thermal
properties of composite materials. Toughening mechanisms and mechanical failure in
polymeric composites. Spectroscopic and microscopic analysis.
Recommended Books
1. D. D. L. Chung, Composite Materials: Functional Material of Modern Technologies,
Springer-Verlag, London (2003).
2. F. L. Mathews and R. D. Rawlings, Composite Materials: Engineering and Science,
Chapman and Hall, London (1994).
3. T. L. Vigo and B. J. Kinzig, Composite Applications: The role of Matrix, Fiber and
Interface, VCH, New York (1992).
4. B. C. Hoskin and A. A. Baker, Composite Materials for Aircraft Structures, American
Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc. New York (1986).
5. M. M. Schwartz, Composite Materials: Processing, Fabrication and Applications,
Prentice Hall, PTR, New Jersey (1997).
6. L. Nicolais and G. Carotenuto, Metal-Polymer Nano composites, Wiley Interscience
(2005).
7. T. S. Pinnavaia and G. W. Beall, Polymer-Clay Nano composites, John Wiley & Sons
(2000).
CHEM 7042 Inorganic Electronic Spectroscopy 3(3-0)
Term symbols, Russell Saunders, coupling scheme, development of correlation and
Tanabe-Sugano diagrams, crystal field diagrams. Energy level calculations; selection rules,
band intensities and band assignments. Interpretation of crystal field and charge transfer
spectra. Spectra of low symmetry complexes. Application of group theory to vibrational
spectra of simple and coordination compounds.
Recommended Books
1. B. P. Lever, Introduction to Electronic Spectroscopy, Elsevier, Amsterdam (1968).
2. J. P. Facler, Symmetry in Coordination Chemistry, Academic Press, New York (1971).
3. Alan and Vincent, Molecular Symmetry and Group Theory, John Wiley, London (1977).
4. F. A. Cotton, Chemical Applications of Group Theory, 3rd ed., John Wiley, New York
(1990).
5. J. Huheey, Inorganic Chemistry: Principles of Structure and Reactivity, 4th ed.,
Addison-Wesley, Reading/Singapore (1993).
Page 27 of 50
CHEM 7043 Kinetics and Mechanisms of Inorganic Reactions 3(3-0)
Principles of kinetics. Steady state approximation. Determination of rate law. Inert and labile
complexes. Substitution reactions of octahedral, square planer and tetrahedral complexes.
Oxidation-reduction reeactions of metal ions. Organo-transition metal compounds.
Free radical reactions.
Recommended Books
1. D. Benson, Mechanisms of Inorganic Reactions in Solution: An Introduction, McGraw-
Hill, London (1968).
2. F. Basolo and R. G. Pearson, Mechanisms of Inorganic Reactions: A Study of Metal
Complexes in Solutions, 2nd ed., John Wiley, New York (1967).
3. D. Katakis and G. Gordon, Mechanisms of Inorganic Reactions, Wiley-Interscience,
New York (1987).
4. S. R. Logan, Fundamentals of Chemical Kinetics, Longman, London (1996).
5. J. O. Edwards, Inorganic Reaction Mechanism: An Introduction, W. A. Benjamin,
New York (1965).
6. R. C. Henderson, The Mechanisms of Reactions of Transition Metals, 5th ed.,
Oxford University Press (1993).
CHEM 7044 Organo-transition Metal Chemistry 3(3-0)
Classification of organometallic compounds; transition metal to carbon sigma bonded
compounds, complexes with metal-carbon pi bonds such as ɳ2-ɳ7. Syntheis, properties and
nature of bonding in pi complexes. Complexes of molecular nitrogen, oxygen and carbon
disulphide. Fundamental processes in organometallics, fluxional and dynamic equilibrium
oxidative addition and reductive elimination, insertion and deinsertion, reactions of
coordinated ligands. Catalysis by organometallic (stoichiometric and catalytic processes)
compounds. Polymerization and oligomerization, synthesis with CO, hydrogenation of olefin
etc.
Recommended Books
1. A. Yamamoto, Organotransition Metal Chemistry: Fundamental Concepts and
Applications, John Wiley & Sons (1986).
2. M. L. H. Green, G. E. Coates and K. Wades, Organometallic Compounds, Methuen &
Co. Ltd., (1968).
3. M. Bochmann, Organometallic 1 and 2, Oxford Science Publications (1994).
4. F. A. Cotton, G. Wilkinson, Advanced Inorganic Chemistry, 6th ed., John Wiley & Sons,
(1999).
Page 28 of 50
CHEM 7045 Bio-Inorganic Chemistry 3(3-0)
Introduction: Development and importance of bio-inorganic chemistry.
Metals and Complexes: Metals of biological importance. Function of metals in enzyme
catalysis. Metalloprotiens and enzymes containing a transition metal center at their active
site. Oxygen carriers; uptake and transport activation and utilization; synthetic dioxygen
carriers: nitrogen fixation; vitamin B6 and B12. Importance of non-metals in biological
systems. Metal ions and chelating agents in biological systems
Recommended Books
1. S. J. Lippard and J. M. Berg, Principles of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Panima Publishing
Corporation, New Delhi (1997).
2. R. W. Hay, Bioinorganic Chemistry, Ellis Horwood, London (1984).
I. Bertim, H. B. Gray, S. J. Lippard and J. S. Valentine, Bioinorganic Chemistry,
Viva Book Private Ltd. New Delhi (1998).
3. B. K. Keppler, Metal Complexes in Cancer Chemotherapy, VCH, Weinheim (1993).
4. M. F. Gielen, Metal Based Anti-tumor Drugs, Freund Publishing House Ltd. London
(1988).
CHEM 7046 Advance Chemical Kinetics 3(3-0)
Basic kinetic concepts, analysis of kinetics results, energy of activation, theories of reaction
rates, elementary gas phase reactions, elementary reactions in solution, reactions on surfaces,
composite reactions, photochemical and radiation – chemical reactions, homogeneous
catalysis, isotopic effects, reaction dynamics, Application of kinetics in modern industries.
Recommended Books
1. John OM, Bockris, Amulya KN Reddy (2005). Modern Electrochemistry. 2nd Edition,
Rajkamal electric press, India.
2. Vikas P (2001). Text Book of Chemical Technology Vol. 1 & II. Publishing Co.
New Dehli
3. Streven & Brink (1998). Chemical Process Industries, McGraw Hill.
4. Singh A, Anmd (2003). Industrial Chemistry, Vol. I & II, Publishers. New Dehli.
Page 29 of 50
CHEM 7047 Metal Based Drugs 3(3-0)
Introduction, Strategic considerations, Radiodiagnostic, Biopharmaceutical properties of
drugs substances, Pharmacologic Activity, Drug Design, DRUG/Receptor Interactions,
Drugs Resistance and Metabolism, Lithium and Mental Health, Gold and Rheumatoid
Arthritis, Platinum ammine halides, Metallocenes and their halides: Ti, V, Fe, Gold and
other metal phosphines, other main group and transition-metal compounds, cis-platin,
carboplatin, platinum anti cancer drugs, technetium radiopharmaceuticals, gadolinium
MRI contrast agents, auranofin, Mechanism of action studies, Dose-Limiting problems:
toxicology,
Recommended Books
1. W. I. Sundquist and S. J. Lippard, Coord. Chem. Rev. 100 (1990), 293
2. H. Sigel, ed. Metal Ions in Biological Systems, Dekker, Vol. 14, 1982
3. D. A. Brown, Metal Ions Bioi. Syst. 14 (1982), 125.
4. A. D. Young and R. W. Nobel, Methods Enzymol. 76 (1981).792.
5. J. G. Wright et al., Prog. Inorg. Chem. 38 (1990), 323.
6. J. D. Helmann, L. M. Shewshuck, and C. T. Walsh, Adv. Inorg. Biochem. 8 (1990), 331.
CHEM 7048 Extractive Metallurgy 3(3-0)
Introduction; Pyrometallurgy, Hydrometallurgy, Biohydrometallurgy, Leaching of Au,
Ag, Pt, Pd, Rh, Ce, In, Cu, Zn, Fe from minerals; General Principle, Leaching from
oxides, leaching of sulfides, leaching of phosphate, leaching of silicates, Leaching of
Secondary resources; slags, smelter dusts, Ashes, electronic wastes, Treatment of leach
liquor; Crystallization, Adsorption, ionic precipitation, ionic flotation and precipitate
flotation, solvent extraction
Recommended Books
1. F. Habashi, Principles of Extractive Metallurgy (1998), Volume 4. Amalgam &
Electrometallurgy, Métallurgie Extractive Québec, Sainte-Foy, Québec City.
2. Greenwood, N. N.; & Earnshaw, A. (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd Edn.),
Oxford:Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 0-7506-3365-4.
3. F. Habashi, Chalcopyrite; Its Chemistry and Metallurgy (1978), McGraw-Hill, ISBN
0-07-025-83-8.
4. F. Habashi, Principles of Extractive Metallurgy, Volume 1, Gordon & Breach Science
Publishers, ISBN 0-677-01-7707.
5. Biohydrometallurgical processes: a practical approach (2010), Luis, Gonzaga Santos
Sobral, Débora Monteiro de Oliveira e Carlos, Eduardo Gomes de Souza - Rio de
Janeiro: CETEM/MCT, ISBN 978-85-61121-85-3
Page 30 of 50
CHEM 7049 Nano Chemistry 3(3-0)
Nanotechnology, nanomaterials, mesoporous, microporous and macroporous materials.
Nanoscale, Nanometer, Nanoparticles, Nanotubes, Thin films, Nanocomposites,
Nanostructured bulk materials. Synthesis of nanoparticles and composites (Bottom Up
and Top Down Production). Synthesis by anodization, hydrothermal and deposition-
precipiation methods. Characterization of nanomaterials by X-ray Diffraction (XRD),
Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and
Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and applications.
Recommended Books
1. G. B. Sergeev, “Nanochemistry” 1st Ed., Elsevier, The Netherlands (2006).
2. A. I. Kirkland, J. L. Hutchison “Nanocharacterisation” The Royal Society of Chemistry,
UK (2007).
3. R. E. Hester, R.M. Harrison,“Nanotechnology: Consequences for Human Health and the
Environment” The Royal Society of Chemistry, UK (2007).
4. H. Hosono, K. MacKenzie, Y. Mishima, H. Takezoe, “Nanomaterials” Elsevier Science
Ltd, Netherland (2006).
CHEM 7050 Applied Transition Metal Catalytic Chemistry 3(3-0)
Ziegler-Natta and Wacker catalyst, polymerization and Oligomerization of ethylene,
propylene, olefins, cyclic olefins and alkynes, Fischer-Tropsch process, Oxidation
reaction, synthesis of acrylates and related derivative.
Recommended Books
1. N. C. Norman, “Periodicity and the S &P block elements” 2nd Revised Ed., Oxford
University press, UK (1997).
2. A. Yamamoto, “Organotransition metal chemistry” John Wiley and Sons: New York,
USA (1986).
3. M. Bochmann, “Orgaometallics 2, complexes with transition metal carbon π-
bonds” Oxford Chemistry Primers, UK (1993).
4. G. L. Miessler, D. A. Tarr, “Inorganic chemistry” 2nd edition, Prentice Hall
International, USA (1998).
F. A Cary, “Organic Chemistry” 7th edition, The McGraw-Hill Company, USA (2008).
Page 31 of 50
CHEM 7051 Photochemical Reactions of Transition Metals 3(3-0)
Introduction, Basic Photochemical processes, Photosubstitution reactions, Photoredox
reactions, Reactivity of CTTM and CTTL excited states, Ligand photoreactions,
Scavenging of reaction intermediates, Photoreaction and solar energy conversion,
Photochemistry techniques.
Recommended Books
1. J. G. Calvert, J. N. Pitts, “Photochemistry” John Wiley, New York, USA (1966).
2. P. Suppan, “Principles of Photochemistry”, The Chemical Soc., UK (1973).
3. J. G. Calvert, J. N. Pitts, “Photochemistry” John Wiley, New York, USA (1966).
4. Wayne, P. Richard, “Photochemistry” 2nd Ed., Macmillan, UK (1988).
CHEM 7052 Solid State Chemistry 3(3-0)
Classification of bonds and crystals, The effect of radius ratio and charge on crystals,
Application of the isoceletronic principle, Ordered solids including interstitial
compounds, Alloys, Superclustures and Storage batteries, Amorphous solids (Glass and
Polymers)
Recommended Books
1. S. Prakash, G.D. Tuli, S.K. Basu, R. D. Madan, “Advanced Inorganic Chemistry”
Volume I, New Dehli (1997).
2. B. D. Cullity “Elements of X-ray diffraction” 2nd edition Addison-wasley publishing
company, California (1977).
3. E. P. Bertin, “Principles and Practice of X-ray Spectrometric Analysis”, Plenum Press,
New York, USA (1975).
Page 32 of 50
Organic Chemistry
CHEM 7061 Asymmetric synthesis and Named Reactions 3(3-0)
Asymmetric synthesis, Introduction, Chiral auxiliaries, Alkylation of chiral enolates,
Enantiomeric excess, Chiral reagents and chiral catalysts, Asymmetric hydrogenation,
Asymmetric epoxidation, Asymmetric dihydroxylation. Organic Name reactions, Horner-
Wadsworth Emmons reaction, Julia-Lythgoe olefination, Nef reaction, Suzuki coupling,
Heck reaction. Mitsunobu reaction, Pauson-Khand reaction, Sharpless epoxidation,
Oppenauer oxidation, Simmons Smith reaction.
Recommended Books
1. Asymmetric synthesis by Robert Alan Aitken, S. Nicholas Kilényi, Blackie,
Academic Professional, (Chapman & Hall), 1994.
2. Principles of Asymmetric Synthesis, R. E. Gawley and J. Aub, Elsevier, 1996.
3. Name reactions: a collection of detailed reaction mechanisms. 3rd
Ed. By Jie Jack Li,
Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, 2006.
4. Name Reactions and Reagents in Organic Synthesis, 2nd Ed. Bradford P. Mundy,
Michael G. Ellerd, Frank G. Favaloro, Jr., Wiley, 2005.
5. Organic Syntheses Based on Name Reactions (2nd Ed.) by A. Hassner, C. Stumer,
Elsevier, 2002.
6. Organic Chemistry by Jonathan Clayden, Nick Geeves, Stuart Warren, Oxford
University Press 2000.
Page 33 of 50
CHEM 7062 Advance Heterocyclic Chemistry and Retro Analysis 3(3-0)
Advance Heterocyclic Chemistry, Introduction of polynuclear heterocycles, synthesis,
Chemical reactions of Quinoline, Isoquinoline, Flavonoids, Indole, Chromones, Acridine.
Industrial applications. Designing Organic Synthesis, Retro synthesis, Introduction to
Disconnections (Basic Principles, Synthons and reagents, synthesis of aromatic Compounds),
One-group Carbon-Carbon disconnections (Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds), Two-group
disconnections (Carbon-Halogen), Two group carbon-carbon disconnections (1,2, 1,3, 1,4,
1,5, 1,6 difunctionalised compounds), Functional group interconversion. Strategies for
synthesis.
Recommended Books
1. Work book for Organic Synthesis, The disconnection approach, Stuart Warren, John
Willey and Sons, 1994.
2. Organic Synthesis, The disconnection approach, Stuart Warren, 1993, John Willey and
Sons 1993.
3. Designing Organic Synthesis, A Programmed Introduction to synthon approach, S.
Warren, John Willey and Son, 1992.
4. Guide book to Organic Syntheses, R. K. Mackie, D. M. Smith, 1982, Longman Group
Limited.
5. Organic Chemistry, Volume I (6th
Ed.) & II (5th
Ed.) by I.L. Finar, Pearson Education
(singapore) 2008.
6. Heterocyclic Chemistry, 4th
Ed. by J. A. Joule, K. Mills, Blackwell Publishing, 2000.
7. Heterocyclic Chemistry, 3rd Ed. by T.L. Gilchrist, Longman, 1997.
8. Principles in Organic Synthesis by R.O.C Norman & J. M. Coxon,1993, Chapman and
Hall, 1993.
9. Organic Chemistry by Jonathan Clayden, Nick Geeves, Stuart Warren, Oxford University
Press 2000.
CHEM 7063 Advance Spectroscopic Techniques 3(3-0)
Spectroscopic Techniques, Recent techniques as applied to the structure elucidation of
organic compounds, NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) 1H, 13C-NMR, UV-Visible, IR
and Mass Spectroscopy
Recommended Books
1. Spectroscopic Methods in Organic Chemistry 6th ed. by D. Williams and I.
Fleming.Wiley-VCH, 1991
2. Spectrometric identification of Organic Compounds 6th ed. by R. M. Silverstein and F.X.
Webster, Wiley, 2007.
3. Organic Spectroscopy and Chromatography by M Younas, ILMI, Pakistan, 2007.
4. Spectroscopy by Pavia, Lampman, Kriz, 2nd ed., Harcourt Brace College Publishers,
1996.
Page 34 of 50
CHEM 7064 Biosynthesis of Natural Products 3(3-0)
Natural products, Introduction, Biosynthesis of Terpenes, Steroids, Alkaloids, and Fatty
Acids.
Recommended Books
1. Biosynthesis of Natural Products, Paolo Manito, John Wiley & Sons, 1980.
2. Chemistry of natural Products, S.V. Bhat, B. A. Nagasampagi, M. Sivakumar,
Springer, Narosa Publishing House. 2006.
3. Organic Chemistry, Volume II by I.L. Finar; 5th
ed. Longman scientific, 1975.
4. Organic Chemistry by Jonathan Clayden, Nick Geeves, Stuart Warren, Oxford University
Press 2000.
CHEM 7065 Organometallics and Color Chemistry 3(3-0)
Chemistry of Sulphur Phosphorus, and silicon Compounds, Introduction, preparation and
properties of sulfur, phosphorus and silicon containing compounds. Application in organic
synthesis. Industrial and pharmaceutical applications. Colour and Constitution, Dye –
Chemistry: Synthesis and applications of azo, anthraquinones, phthalocyanines, vat, and nitro
dyes, High technology applications.
Recommended Books
1. Principles in Organic Synthesis by R.O.C Norman & J. M. Coxon, Chapman and Hall,
1993.
2. Organic Chemistry by Jonathan Clayden, Nick Geeves, Stuart Warren, Oxford University
Press, 2000.
3. Color Chemistry by H. Zollinger, VCH, 1987
4. Industrial Dyes by Klaus Hunger, Wiley VCH, 2003.
Page 35 of 50
CHEM 7066 Polymers and Alpha Carbon Chemistry 3(3-0)
Synthetic and Natural Polymers, Introduction to polymerization, Chain growth polymers
(Addition Polymers), Ziegler Natta Catalyst Polymerization, Step growth Polymers
(Condensation Polymers), Polymer structure and properties, Green polymer synthesis, natural
and synthetic rubbers. Biodegradable polymers and plastics. Polymer recycling and disposal.
Alpha Carbon Chemistry (Enols & Enolates), Introduction to enols and enolates, enolates of
unsymmetrical carbonyl compounds. Racemization at the alpha carbon and reaction at alpha
carbon. Halogenation at the alpha carbon, direct enolate alkylation, malonic ester synthesis,
acetoacetic ester synthesis. Conjugate addition reactions (Michael reaction, Robinson
Annulation reactions, The Stork Enamine Synthesis)
Recommended Books
1. Organic Chemistry by Jonathan Clayden, Nick Geeves, Stuart Warren, Oxford University
Press 2000
2. Carraher Jr, C. E., Carraher‟s, Polymer Chemistry, 8th ed., CRC Press, (2010).
3. Ravve, A., Principles of Polymer Chemistry, 3rd ed., Springer, (2012).
4. Organic Chemistry by Smith Janice G. 3rd Edition, McGraw Hill Companies (2011).
5. Organic Chemistry by T.W. Graham Solomons 11th Edition, Wiley (2014).
CHEM 7067 Recent Advances in Organic Chemistry 3(3-0)
Latest advances in following areas (but not limited to) of Organic Chemistry will be studied:
Phase transfer catalysts; Protecting groups, Synthesis on supported reagents; Bio-organic
chemistry; Emulsifiers; Ultrasound and microwave assisted reactions in Organic chemistry;
Analytical review of latest books and research papers/review articles.
Recommended Books
1. Bansal, R.K. 1996. Synthetic Approaches in Organic Chemistry. Narosa Publishing
House, New Delhi, India.
2. Cledon, J., N .Greeves, S. Warren, and P.Wothers. 2012. Organic Chemistry. 2nd Ed.
Oxford University Press, Cambridse, UK.
3. Mackie R.M. and D.M. Smith. 1999. Guide Book to Organic Synthesis. 3rd Ed. English
Language Book Society/Longman, London, UK.
4. Singh, S.M. 2005. Advanced Organic Chemistry: Reactions and Mechanisms. Pearson,
Education (Singapore) pre. Ltd. Indian Branch Delhi, India.
5. Smith, M.B. 2011. Organic Synthesis. 3rd Ed. McGraw Hill, International, London, UK.
Page 36 of 50
CHEM 7068 Advanced Heterocycles II 3(3-0)
Five membered heterocycles: Nomenuclature, Physical properties, Synthesis, Chemical
reactions and medicinal importance of Pyrrole, Thiophene, Furan, Indole,
Benzo[b]Thiophene, Benzo[b]furan, Isoindole, Benzo[c]Thiophene, Isobenzofuran, 1,3-
azoles, (Imidazole, Thiazole, Oxazole), 1,2-azoles (pyrazole, Isothiazole & Isoxazole) and
their Derivatives. Six membered heterocycles: Nomenuclature, Physical properties,
Synthesis, Chemical reactions and medicinal importance of Pyridine, Quinoline,
Isoquinoline, Pyryliums, 2- and 4-Pyrones, Benzopyryliums, Benzopyrans, Diazines
(Pyridazine, Pyrimidine & Pyrazine) and their derivatives
Recommended Books
1. J. Clayden, N. Greeves, S. Warren, “Organic Chemistry”, 2nd Ed., Oxford University
Press Inc., New York (2012).
2. J. S. Clark “Heterocyclic Chemistry”, by J. Stephen Clark.
3. J. A. Joule, K. Mills, G. F. Smith, “Heterocyclic Chemistry”, 3rd Ed., Chapman & Hall,
UK (1995).
4. T. L. Gilchrist, “Heterocyclic Chemistry”, 3rd Ed., Oxford Primer Series, (1997)
5. A. R. Katritzky, “Handbook of Heterocyclic Chemistry”, Pergamon press, New York
(1985).
CHEM 7069 Pericyclic Reactions 3(3-0)
Introduction, classification and nomenclature of pericyclic reactions; Theories of concerted
reactions; Molecular orbitals, frontier orbitals, aromatic transition state, correlation diagrams
and Woodward, Hoffmann rules; Cycloadditions; Diels-Alder and retro-Diels-Alder
reactions; 1,3-dipolar and retero-1,3-dipolar, photochemical, intramolecular and other
cycloadditions; Electrocyclic reactions, group transfer reactions and sigmatropic
rearrangements; Mechanisms, stereochemistry and synthetic applications of these reactions.
Recommended Books
1. Ansari, F.L., R. Qureshi and M.L. Qureshi. Electrocyclic Reactions. 1999. Wiley VCH.
Publications, New York, USA.
2. Fleming, I. 2015. Pericyclic Reactions. 2nd Ed. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
3. Fox, M.A. and J.K. Whitesell. 2005. Organic Chemistry. 3rd Ed. Jones and Bartlett
Publishers, London, UK.
4. Lowry, T. H. and K.S. Richardson. 1987. Mechanism and Theory in Organic Chemistry.
3rd Ed. Harper and Row Publishers, Inc., New York, USA.
5. Solomon, T.W.G. 2014. Organic Chemistry. 11th Ed. John Wiley and Son’s .Inc.
New York, USA.
Page 37 of 50
CHEM 7070 Symmetry Controlled Reactions 3(3-0)
Huckel moleculars orbital-and perturbation orbital theories; Frontier orbitals (HOMO-
LUMO) concept; orbital symmetry; alternate and non-alternate hydrocarbons, Huckel and
Mobious systems, Classes of peicyclic reations: electrocyclic, cycloaddition, sigmatropic
and chelotropic reactions and their interpretation through (a) orbital symmetry
conservation (b) frontier orbital treatment and (c) Huckel-Mobious approach Applications
to organic synthesis.
Recommended Books
1. E. A. Halevi “Orbital Symmetry and Reaction Mechanism”, 1st Ed., Springer Verlag,
Germany (1992).
2. G. M. Loudon, “Organic Chemistry”, 3 Ed. Addison Wesley London Company, UK
(1995).
3. P. Sykes, “A Guide Book in Modern Organic Chemistry”, 6th Ed., Longman, London, UK
(1986).
4. H. O. House, “Modern Synthetic Reactions”, 2nd Ed., Benjamin, California, USA (1972).
CHEM 7071 Chemistry of Glycosides 3(3-0)
Glycosides of flavonoids, coumarins and saponinsIsolatins, detection and
chromatographic separation; acid, alkaline and enzymatic hydrolysis to aglycones;
identification of sugar residue. Spectroscopic determination of aglycone and glycoside
structures. Derivatization, structural elucidation and biological importance of glycosides.
Recommended Books
1. B. A. A. Borm, “Introduction to Flavonoids”, Harwood Academic publishers, Canada
(1998).
2. J. B. Harborn, “The Flavonodids-Advance in Research” Chapman & Hall. London, UK
(1994).
3. K. Nakanishi, “Natural Products Chemistry”, Vol. I., Academic press, New York, USA
(1974).
Page 38 of 50
CHEM 7072 Physio-Organic Chemistry and Reaction Mechanism 3(3-0)
Chemical reactions and energy changed; qualitative aspects of collision. Transition state
theories, rates and equilibria; tracer techniques, trapping of intermediates. Interpretation
of kinetic data. Correlation of structure with reactivity,; Linear free energy relationship,
stereochemical and spectroscopic evidences. Study of reaction mechanism of some recent
reactions.
Recommended Books
1. S. H. Pine, “Organic Chemistry”, 5th Ed., McGraw Hill, New York, USA (1987).
2. G. M. Loudon, “Organic Chemistry”, 2nd Ed., Addison Wesley, London, UK (1998).
3. J. Clayden, N. Greeve, S. Warren, P. Wothers, “Organic Chemistry”, Oxford University
Press, Oxford, UK (2001).
4. P. Sykes, “A Guide Book in Modern Organic Chemistry”, 6th Ed., Longman, London,UK
(1986).
5. H. O. House “Modern Synthetic Reactions”, Benjamin, California, USA (1972).
6. K. I. Rinehart, “General Oxidation Reaction of Orgainc Compounds”, Prentice Hall, New
Jersey, USA (1973).
CHEM 7073 Advanced Stereochemistry 3(3-0)
Prostereoisomerism, Concept of Re and Si face, Homotopic, Enantiotopic and Diastereotopic
ligands and faces, Stereoselectivity and Stereospecificity, Configuration and conformation of
cyclic molecules, Stereochemistry and conformational analysis of cyclohexane system, six-
membered sp2-hybridized cyclic systems and six membered saturated heterocycles.
Stereochemistry and conformational effects in small, common and medium rings. Bicyclic
and polycylic fused rings systems. Bridged rings and stereochemical restrictions.
Chiroptical properties,Optical Rotatory Dispersion and Circular Dichroism.
Recommended Books
1. K. Mislow “Stereochemistry”, 2nd Ed., W. A. Benjamin Inc., New York, USA
(1965).
2. E. L. Eleil, S.H. Wilen, L.N. Mander, “Stereochemistry of Organic Compounds”,
4th Ed, John Wiley & Sons, USA (1994).
3. E. L. Eliel, S. H. Wilen, M. P. Doyle “Basic Organic Stereochemistry”, John
Wiley & Sons, USA (2001).
Page 39 of 50
CHEM 7074 Modern Trends in Organic Synthesis 3(3-0)
Introduction to retero synthesis and disconnection approach, synthesis of aromatic
compounds. One and two group C-X disconnections. Donor and acceptor synthesis and
concepts of Umpulung. C-C disconnections and disfunctionalized compounds compounds.
Devising synthetic schemes for unknown molecules and some natural products.
Recommended Books
1. R. O. C. Norman “Principles of Organic Synthesis”, 3 Ed, Blackie Academic &
Professional, Glasgow, UK (1993).
2. G. M. Loudon, “Organic Chemistry”, 3 Ed. Addison Wesley, London
Company, UK (1995).
3. S. H. Pine, “Organic Chemistry”, 5th Ed., McGraw Hill, New York, USA
(1987).
4. G. M. Loudon, “Organic Chemistry”, 2nd Ed., Addison Wesley, London, UK
(1998).
Page 40 of 50
Physical Chemistry
CHEM 7081 Radiation Chemistry 3(3-0)
Constitution of nucleus: Nuclear Characteristics, Types of radiations, Physical properties of
radiations, Nuclear stability, Nuclides chart, Decay schemes, Kinetics of radioactive decay.
Measurement of radioactivity: Detectors used for the measurement of Activity, Geiger Muller
Counter, Scintillation counter. Development of Radiation Chemistry. radiation sources.
Interaction of radiation with matter: Energy loss by gamma rays, energy loss by electrons,
energy loss of other charged particles,. Ions and electrons: Excited states. Radiolysis of gas,
liquid and gas. Production and decay of excited state. Application of Radiation Chemistry:
Application of radiation chemistry in sterilization, polymerization, nitrogen fixation, food
preservation, analytical methods, medicines.
Recommended Books
1. Hughes G. “Radiation Chemistry” Oxford Series, UK (1973).
2. Spinks J.W.T. and Woods R.J. “An introduction to Radiation Chemistry” Wiley
Inter Sci. Pub, USA (1976).
3. Aziz F. and Rodgers M.A.J., “Radiation Chemistry Principles and Application”
Ed., VCH Publishers, Inc. (1987)
4. Friedlander G. and Kennedy J.W. “Nuclear and Radiochemistry” 3rd ed.,
Wiley, New York (1981).
5. Naqvi, I. I., “Radiochemistry”, University Grants Commission,1990. vi-
Harvey, B.G. “Nuclear Physics and Chemistry”, Prentice-Hall Inc., 1990.
CHEM 7082 Photochemistry 3(3-0)
Principle of photochemistry. laws of photochemistry, Sources of radiation, primary and
secondary photochemical processes, photoluminescence, chemiluminescence,
Bioluminescence quantum yields, experimental techniques, Kinetics of photochemical
reactions, photolytic studies of aqueous and non-aqueous systems, effects of radiation on
solids. mechanism, energetics of photochemical reactions.
Recommended Books
1. D. Neckers, G.N.V.B, Nau, “Advances in Photochemistry” Volume 27, John Wiley &
Sons, New York, USA (2002).
2. P. Suppan, “Chemistry and Light” The Royal Society of Chemistry, London, UK (1994).
3. R. P. Wayne, “Principles and Applications of Photochemistry, Oxford University Press,
UK (1998).
Page 41 of 50
CHEM 7083 Molecular Spectroscopy 3(3-0)
Microwave, infrared and raman spectroscopy, electronic spectra of diatomic and simple
polyatomic molecules, molecular symmetry, and applications in chemistry, applications of
spectroscopy in structural chemistry.
Recommended Books
1. Banwell CN, (1983).Fundamentals of Molecular Spectroscopy, Tata McGraw Hill.
2. Barrow GM, (1962). Introduction to Molecular Spectroscopy. McGraw Hill NY
3. Graybal JD, (1988). Molecular Spectroscopy. New York McGraw Hill.
4. Pople CP, (1967). Electron Spin Resonance. New York John Wiley.
5. Ayscough PB, (1967). Electron Spin Resonance in Chemistry, Methuan and Co. London.
CHEM 7084 Colloids and Surfactants 3(3-0)
Liquid interfaces, surface tension and adsorption from solution, insoluble surface monolayer
(Langmuir-Blodgett films). Surfactant, detergency, organized molecular assemblies
(micelles, vescicles and membranes). Micro and macroemulsions. Colloidal dispersions,
coagulation and flocculation. Optical properties of colloids.
Recommended Books
1. M. J. Rosen, “Surfactants and Interfacial Phenomena” Marcel Dekker Inc., New
York, USA (1989).
2. P. C. Hiemenz, R. Gopalan, “Principles of Colloid and Surface Chemistry” 3rd
Edition, Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, USA, (1997).
3. D. F. Evans, “The Colloidal Domain”, VCH, Weinheim, Germany (1994).
CHEM 7085 Recent Advances and Applications in Computational Chemistry 3(3-0)
Essential concepts, semiempirical and Ab-initio methods. Reactivity. Configuration
interaction method. Potential energy surfaces. Quantitative structura-activity relationship
(QSAR). Molecular mechanics. Energy minimization force field parameterization and
conformational analysis. Computer programming and three dimensional graphics using
standard packages.
Recommended Books
1. C. J. Crammer, “Essentials of Computational Chemistry” John Wiley and sons, New
York, USA (2002).
2. F. Jenson, “Introduction to Computational Chemistry” Wiley, USA (2000). \
3. K. B. Lipkowitz, D. B. Boyd, “Reviews in Computational Chemistry ”, VCH, New
York, USA (1991).
Page 42 of 50
CHEM 7086 Solution Chemistry 3(3-0)
Physicochemical characteristics of solvents. Solute-solvent interaction, salvation of ions,
preferential salvation. Thermodynamic properties of solute in solvents and mixed solvents.
Transport properties of solutions, concept of association constant of ions in solution. Study of
solute-solvent-solute interactions by spectroscopic techniques.
Recommended Books
1. R. A. Alberty, J. S. Robert, G. B. Moungi, “Physical Chemistry”. 4 th Ed, John Wiley and
Sons, New York, USA (2004).
2. D. W. Ball, “Physical Chemistry” 1 st Ed., Brooks/Cole Co. USA (2003).
3. Smith, E. Brian, “Basic Chemical Thermodynamics” 5 th Ed, Imperial College Press, UK
(2004).
4. B. R. Stephen, S. A. Rice, J. Ross, “Physical Chemistry” 2 nd Ed, Oxford University
Press, UK (2000).
5. W. Jurg, “Basic Chemical Thermodynamics” 4 th Ed., W. A. Benjamin (1969).
6. 6. R. G. Mortimer. “Physical Chemistry” 3rd Ed, Elsevier Academic Press, UK (2008)
CHEM 7087 Physical Chemistry of Biomolecules 3(3-0)
Introduction and principles of biophysical chemistry, stability of native states. Methods
for determining size, shape and molar mass of macromolecules. Thermodynamics of
proteins, bioenergetic reactions, macromolecular solubility, understanding biological
systems using physical chemistry, signal transduction, membrane potentials, transporters,
and channels. Molecular imaging, kinetics of enzyme catalysis, inhibition and activation.
Bioluminescence.
Recommended Books
1. Templer R.H, Leatherbarrow R.J, 2003. Biophysical Chemistry: Membranes and
Proteins. Royal Society of Chemistry, UK.
2. Oshima, H.2010. Biophysical Chemistry of Biointeerfacesw, John Wiley and Sons,
New York USA.
3. James, P. Allen, 2008. Biophysical Chemistry, Wiley Blackwell Publishers, New
York, USA.
4. Bruce, M.R.2001. Introducation to Biophysical Chemistry. McGraw-HillCompany,
New York, USA
5. Chang, R.1991. Physical Chemistry with applications to Biological Systems.
Macmillan Publishing Co, Inc. New York, USA.
6. Marshal, A.G. 1998. Biophysical Chemistry. John Wiley and Sons, New York, USA.
Page 43 of 50
CHEM 7088 Heterogeneous Catalysis 3(3-0)
Introduction to catalysis, Classification of catalytic systems, classification of solid
catalysts, adsorption of molecules at the solid surfaces, adsorption isotherms, surface area
and porosity, adsorbed states of molecules on metal surfaces, potential energy curves for
adsorption, descriptive chemistry of chemisorptions on metals, quantitative aspect of
chemisorptions on metals, sorption on oxide surfaces, the band theory of solids,
adsorption on insulator oxides, kinetics of heterogeneous reactions, mass transport
limitation of catalyzed reactions. Catalysis in energy conversion and in the production of
hydrocarbon feed stock, Oxidation catalysis: The Petrochemical Industry, Catalysis in the
inorganic chemical industry, Catalysis in Atmospheric Pollution Control
Recommended Books
1. Bowker, M. “Basics and Application of Heterogeneous Catalysis” Oxford, 1998.
2. Gates, B.C. Catalytic Chemistry, John Wiley, 1992.
3. Bond, G.C. Heterogeneous Catalysis: Principals and applications, Oxford, 1987.
4. Boudart, M. and Mariadassou, G.D. “Kinetics of Heterogeneous Catalytic Reactions”
Princeton, 1984.
CHEM 7089 Modern Aspects of Chemical Kinetics 3(3-0)
Chemical Kinetics, Development and modern use of chemical kinetics. Potential energy
surfaces, statistical and quantum mechanical approaches for the study of unimolecular
decomposition rate. Transition state theory and microscopic reversibility. Applications of
transition state theory. Effect of temperature, Pressure, volume, Solvent and salt on rate of a
reaction and determination of their respective kinetic expression. kinetic isotopic effects.
Composite rate constants, isokinetic relationship. Catalysis and application of kinetics study
for the production of enzymes. Kinetics of photochemical reactions. Kinetics of very fast
reactions. Application of kinetics in modern industries. Kinetics study of drug (in-vivo and
in-vitro). Importance of kinetics for military applications
Recommended Books
1. R. Alberty, “Physical Chemistry” 17th Ed, John Wiley and Sons, New York, USA (1987).
2. P. W. Atkins, “Physical Chemistry” 6th Ed, W. H. Freeman and co. New York, USA
(1998).
3. K. J. Laidler, “The World of Physical Chemistry” 1st Ed., Oxford University Press, UK
(1993).
4. K. J. Laidler, H. M. John, C. S. Bryan, “Physical Chemistry” 4th Ed., Houghton Mifflin
Publishing Company Inc., USA (2003)
5. M. G. Barrow, “Physical Chemistry” 5th Ed., Mc Graw Hill, USA (1992).
Page 44 of 50
CHEM 7090 Environmental Chemistry and Energy Conversions 3(3-0)
Environmental Chemistry: global perspective, Earth atmosphere, study of reactions in
regions of atmosphere. Chemistry of ozone formation and decomposition, ozone
depletion. Air pollution, acidifying agents in rain, adverse effects and prevention.
Chemistry of urban atmosphere. Indoor air pollution. Water pollution and chemistry of
wastewater treatment methods (Physical, chemical and biological). Solid waste and
Nuclear waste management. Nomenclature & Chemistry of CFC’s. Experimental
techniques for environmental monitoring. Renewable energy resources with reference to
green fuels. HAARP technology.
Recommended Books
1. G. W. Vanloon, S. J. Duffy, “Environmental Chemistry”, A Global perspective, Oxford
University press INC., UK (2000).
2. S. E. Manahan, “Environmental Science and Technology” Lewis Publishers, New York,
USA (1997).
3. J. W. Moore, E. A. Moore, “Environmental Chemistry”, Academic Press Inc., New York,
USA (1990).
4. A. D. Kumar, “Environmental Chemistry”, 2nd Ed, Wiley Eastern Ltd. India (1993)
CHEM 7091 Magnetic Spin Dynamics 3(3-0)
Revision of basic magnetic spin dynamics (Classical, quantum and spin angular momentum,
nuclear spin and nuclear Zeeman splitting, quadruple nuclei with integer and half integer
spin, magnetism, macroscopic and microscopic magnetism, simple pulse sequence, in
homogeneous broadening, chemical shift, heteronuclear decoupling). The NMR
spectrometer(the magnet, transmitter section, the duplexer, the probe, the receiver section,
overview of radiofrequency section, Pulse gradient section), Fourier transform NMR
(heteronuclear experiments, Arrayed experiments, two dimensional spectroscopy, three
dimensional spectroscopy), mathematical techniques, Quantum mechanics (functions,
operators, eigen functions, eigen values, eigen vectors, diagonalization, exponential
operators)
Recommended Books
1. M. H. Levitt. "Spin Dynamics, Basics of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance" John Wiley
and Sons, New York, USA (2008).
2. N. E. Jacobsen. "NMR spectroscopy explained" John Wiley and Sons. New York,
USA (2007).
3. R. S. Macomber. "A complete introduction to modern NMR Spectroscopy" John
Wiley and Sons, New York, USA (1998).
Page 45 of 50
CHEM 7092 Electrode Processes 3(3-0)
Theories of electron transfer reactions, electron transfer process, electroanalytical techniques,
and methods for studying homogeneous and heterogeneous electron transfer reactions.
Semiconductor electrochemistry. Industrial electrochemistry. Eletro-chemical energy
conversion systems.
Recommended Books
1. J. Albert, “Electrode Kinetics” Clarendon, Oxford, UK (1975).
2. A. Bard, L. R. Faukner, “Electrochemical Methods, Fundamentals and Application” 2nd
Ed., John Wiley and Sons, New York, USA (2001).
3. M. Mohammad, M. Amjad, “Principles of Electrode Kinetics” Rooha Printers, Lahore,
Pakistan (2001).
CHEM 7093 Complex Extension of Quantum Chemistry 3(3-0)
Revision of basic quantum (Historic background, Uncertainty principle, Time
dependent/Time-independent Schrödinger equation, Probability, complex number, Particle in
one dimensional box, Tunneling, Operators) Particle in three dimensional box, Requirements
of an acceptable wave function, The Harmonic oscillator (one-dimensional harmonic
oscillator, Vibration of molecules, Numerical solution of one-dimensional Schrödinger
equation), Angular momentum, The Hydrogen atom , Theorems of quantum mechanics
(Hermitian operator, Parity, Matrices), The Variation Method (Variation theorem,
Determinants, Linear variation methods), Perturbation Theory (Non-degenerate perturbation
theory, Perturbation treatment of the Helium atom ground state, perturbation theory for a
degenerate energy level).
Recommended Books
1. N. Levine. “Quantum Chemistry, fifth edition” Prentice-Hall, Inc. Upper Saddle
River, New Jersey, USA (1991).
2. J. P. Lowe, K. A. Peterson. "Quantum Chemistry” 3rd Ed, Elsevier Academic Press,
Netherland (2006).
3. P. A. Cox, "Introduction to Quantum Theory and Atomic Structure", Oxford
University Press, UK (2002).
4. P. W. Atkins. "Molecular Quantum Mechanics" Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford, England
(1983).
5. M. Muller. "Fundamentals of Quantum Chemistry", Kluwer Academic Publishers,
Boston, USA (2001).
Page 46 of 50
CHEM 7094 Recent Advances in Physical Chemistry 3(3-0)
Latest advances in physical chemistry in: Solution chemistry; Energy materials; Green and
sustainable chemistry; Lasers chemistry; Femto techniques in chemistry; Advanced materials
for waste water treatment; Supramolecular chemistry; Modern software used in chemistry.
Analytical review of latest books and research papers/review articles.
Recommended Books
1. Atkins, P. and J. de Paula. 2011. Elements of Physical Chemistry. 7th Ed. W.H. Freeman
and Company, New York, USA.
2. Helmet H.T, A. G. Urena and R. J. Donovan. 2007. Laser Chemistry: Spectroscopy,
Dynamics and Application. John Wiley and Sons, New York, USA.
3. Marcus, Y. 1999. The Properties of Solvents. John Wiley and Sons, New York, USA.
4. Mihkel Koel, 2009, Ionic Liquids in Chemical Analysis. CRC Press Taylor & Francis,
New York, USA.
5. Monique, M. Martin, James T. Hynes, 2004, Femtochemistry and Femtobiology Ultrafast
Events in Molecular Science, Elsevier Ltd. London, UK.
6. Rolando, M.A., and M. Roque-Malherbe. 2009. The Physical Chemistry of Materials:
Energy and Environmental Applications. CRC Press Taylor & Francis, New York, USA.
Page 47 of 50
CHEM 7095 Physical Chemistry of Polymers and Composites 3(3-0)
Polymers: Current scenario of polymers; Molecular forces and chemical bonding in
polymers; Configuration and conformation of polymer chains;Theories of polymeric
solutions; Phase separation and fractionation; Molecular size measurements; Spectroscopic
analysis; Thermal analysis; Morphology and order in crystalline polymers; Electrical and
magnetic properties of polymers; Industrial applications of polymers; Composite materials:
Classification; Property enhancement by reinforcement and orientation; Synthetic fibres;
Properties and processing of composites with metallic, ceramic and polymeric matrices;
Carbon based composite materials; Interface reactions; Mechanical and thermal properties of
composite materials;Dynamical mechanical properties; Toughening mechanisms and
mechanical failure in polymeric composites.
Recommended Books
1. Billmeyer, F.W. Jr. 2005. Textbook of Polymer Science, John Wiley and Sons, New
York, USA.
2. Carlsson, L.A., D.F. AdamsandR.B. Pipes. 2014. Experimental Characterization of
Advanced Composite Materials. CRC Press, London, UK.
3. Joel, R.F. 2014. Polymer Science and Technology. 3rd Ed Prentice Hall Publishers, New
York, USA.
4. Kurt, E.G. 2003. Advanced Macromolecular, Supramolecular Materials and Processes.
Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York, USA.
5. Nicolais, L., M. Meo and E. Milella. 2011.Composite Materials: A Vision for the Future.
Springer-Verlag, London, UK.
6. Ravue. 2000. Principles of Polymer Chemistry. 2ndEd. Plenum Publishers, New York,
USA.
7. Richards, R.W. and S.K. Peace. 1999. Polymer Surfaces and Interfaces, John Wiley and
Sons, New York, USA.
Page 48 of 50
CHEM 7096 Biophysical Chemistry 3(3-0)
Introduction and importance; Ionic and acid base equilibria in biological systems;
Bioenergetics; Oxidation/reduction reactions; Nerst equation; Gibbs energy of formation and
activity;Free energy and chemical equilibrium, Temperature dependence of equilibrium
constant; Chemical potential, Activity coefficient of ions, Thermodynamics of metabolism;
Biological Redox reactions; Osmotic pressure and Donan’s equilibrium; Macromolecular
solubility; Binding of small molecules to macromolecules; Lipids in biological membranes;
Membrane potentials, transporters, and channels; Chemical bonds and proteins
interactions;Peptide bonds; Steric, electroststic and hydrophobic effects; Folding and
unfolding of proteins; Transition state theory; Stability of proteins; Denaturation of proteins
and sedimentation; Biopolymers and macromolecules; Determination of structure and molar
mass of macromolecules/biomolecules. Kinetics and enzymes: Dynamics in enzyme
mechanism;Enzyme activity and inhibition.
Recommended Books
1. Allen, J.P. 2008. Biophysical Chemistry.John Wiley & Sons, New York, USA.
2. Bruce, M.R.2001.Introduction to Biophysical Chemistry.McGraw-Hill Company, New
York, USA.
3. Chang, R.2005.Physical Chemistry with Applications to Biological Systems. MacMillan
Publishing Co. Inc. New York, USA
4. Cotterill, R. 2002.Biophysics: An Introduction. Wiley Publishers, New York, USA.
5. Tinoco, I..J. K. Sauer, J.C. Wang and J. D. Puglisi. 2009. Physical Chemistry: Principles
and Applications in Biological Sciences. Pearson Education, New Delhi, India
Page 49 of 50
CHEM 7097 Advanced Reaction Dynamics 3(3-0)
Potential energy surfaces; Features of potential energy surfaces; Molecular beam
techniques;Stripping and rebound mechanism; Potential energy surface and classical
dynamics; Transition state theory and microscopic reversibility; Temperature, catalyst and
pressure effect on reaction rates; Heat capacity and the volume of activation; Applications of
transition state theory; Reactions in solutions; Solvent and salt effects on reaction rates;
Diffusion controlled reactions; Kinetic isotope effects; Composite rate constants; Isokinetic
relationship;Extrakinetic probes of mechanism; Linear free energy relation; Introduction to
photochemical reactions; Reaction mechanism and kinetic studies for photochemical and
ultra fast reactions; Techniques for studying fast reactions; Kinetics of electron transfer;
Marcus theory and its application.
Recommended Books
1. Arthur, A.F and G.P. Ralph. 1998. Kinetics and Mechanism, John Wiley & Sons, New
York, USA.
2. Denisov, E.T., O.M.Sarkisov and G. I. Likhtenshtein. 2003. Chemical Kinetics:
Fundamentals and New Developments. 1st Ed. Elsevier Amsterdam, Boston, MA, USA.
3. Espenson, J. H. 2001. Chemical Kinetics and Reaction Mechanisms, 2nd Ed. McGraw
Hill, New York, USA.
4. House, J.E. 2007. Principles of Chemical Kinetics. Academic Press, New York, USA.
5. Laidler, K.J. 2011. Chemical Kinetics, Pearson Education, New Delhi, India.
6. McQuarric, A.D. and J.D. Simon. 2006. Physical Chemistry: A Molecular Approach.
Viva Books Private Limited, New Delhi, India.
7. Upadhay S.K. 2006, Chemical Kinetics and Reaction Dynamics, Springer New York and
Anamaya Publishers, New Delhi, India.
Page 50 of 50
CHEM 7098 Research Methodology and Chemical Data Handling 3(3-0)
Research concept, scientific method, Nature of chemical sciences research, defining research
problems, basic techniques for research planning, development of research ideas, review
literature using online search engines, full text library resources like HEC digital library, use
of different software like Chemdraw, Endnote, adobe illustrator , use of EXCEL 5 and
EXCEL 7 worksheet in calculation art of scientific writing and presentation of synopsis,
research article, research proposal, research ethics & anti-plagiarism strategy.
Measurements,Data, Data types, techniques of data collection, Errors and Estimates:
Limitation of analytical methods, classification of errors, accuracy, precision, measurement
of central tendency, mean, measurement of dispersion, the standard Deviation, standard
deviation, variance, percentile, and the Z-value. Distribution of Data and Uncertainties:
Distribution of random error, the standard normal curve, normally distributed random
variable. limits, accuracy and precision in handling results, the propagation of random error,
the propagation of systematic error, regression.
Recommended Books
1. Christian G D, Instrumental analysis, Allyn and Bacon, Inc, Boston, London.
2. Christian G D, Analytical Chemistry, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
3. Higson S P J , Analytical Chemistry, Oxford university press
4. McCormick D, Roach A, Measurement, Statistics and Computation John Wiley & Sons,
Inc.
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