crusades. request of help 1093 ad –alexius comnenus sent letter to robert, count of flanders...
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CRUSADESCRUSADES
REQUEST OF HELPREQUEST OF HELP
1093 AD– Alexius Comnenus
sent letter to Robert, Count of Flanders
– Asked for help against Muslim Turks
• Threatening Constantinople
– Pope Urban II read the letter
• Council of Clermont
• Urban II preached about importance of Crusades
CRUSADESCRUSADES
Holy War - 4 main warsGoals
1. Gain control of Jerusalem and Holy Land
2. Rid of Muslim ControlLasted 200 yrs - 50,000-60,000
soldiersIf you die, you go to heaven
“God wills it”
Economic and Religious motives
11STST CRUSADE CRUSADE
1095 – 1099
• Against Seljuk Turks
• Defended Constantinople
• Gained control of Jerusalem
• Crusader States est.
• Kingdom of Jerusalem est.
22NDND CRUSADE CRUSADE
1145-1149
• Muslims conquered Edessa
• Crusaders attacked Damascus
–Failed
• Muslims gain more control in Holy Land
• 1187 – Muslims capture Jerusalem
33RDRD CRUSADE CRUSADE1189-1192
King’s Crusade
–Phillip Augustus – France
–Frederick I - Holy Roman (drowned)
–Richard the Lion Hearted - England
Phillip and Richard argued
–Phillip went home
RICHARD THE LIONHEARTEDRICHARD THE LIONHEARTED
Charming and ruthless
City of Acre (Muslim control)
– Attacked the city
– Slaughtered ALL
– Saladin (leader) watched from hillside
SALADINSALADIN
Leader of Muslims
• Honest and Brave
In control of Jerusalem
Held off Richard and the 3rd Crusade
Remained on control of Jerusalem
44THTH CRUSADE CRUSADE1201-1204 AD
• Pope Innocent III called for capture of Jerusalem
• Recruited Italian and Byzantine leaders
Venetians gained control of Crusade
–Attacked Christian city of Zadar
• Sacked Constantinople
LATER CRUSADESLATER CRUSADES10 Crusades total
Spanish CrusadeReconquista
• Effort to drive out Muslim control
– Muslim rule fell in 1492
– Isabella and Ferdinand in power
Spanish Inquisition
–tortured Heretics (Muslims/Jews)
–Expelled all Muslims and Jews
EFFECTS OF CRUSADESEFFECTS OF CRUSADESLessened the power of the Pope
Weakened the Nobility
Thousands of Kings lost lives and Fortunes
Increased trade between Europe and Asia
Developed Muslim hatred towards Christians
SHORT ANSWERSSHORT ANSWERS
1. What did the Christians truly gain out of the Crusades?
2. How does the hatred developed effect our society today?
• Muslims and Christians
• Jews and Christians
Q&AQ&A1. What were the two main goals of the
Crusades?
2. Why did you automatically go to heaven if you died fighting?
3. What was the results of the 4 main Crusades?
4. What was the 3rd Crusade nicknamed, why?
5. Why would Richard the Lionhearted be considered ruthless?
6. What were the 5 effects of the Crusades?
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