count and noncount nouns 3
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COUNT AND NONCOUNT NOUNS
G I A N I E J E A N -P H I L I P P E
5 T O S E M E S T R EP L U R I L I N G E
UNIVERSIDAD CENTRAL DEL ECUADOR
FACULTAD DE FILOSOFA LETRAS Y CIENCIAS DE LA EDUCACIN
CARRERA DE IDIOMAS
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(a) I bought a chair. Sam bought three chairs.
(b) We bought some furniture.
INCORRECT: We bought a furniture.INCORRECT: We bought some furnitures.
Chair is a count noun; chairs are items thatcan be counted.
Furniture is a noncount noun. In grammar,furniture cannot be counted.
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SINGULAR PLURAL
COUNT
NOUN
A chair
One chair
Chairs
Two chairs
Some chairs
A lot of chairs
Many chairs
A count noun:
(1) may be preceded by a/anin the singular;
(2) Takes a final -s/-es.
NONCOUNT
NOUN
Furniture
Some furniture
A lot of furniture
Much furniture
A noncount noun:
(1) Is not immediatelypreceded by a/an;
(2) Has no plural form; does
not take a final -s/-es.
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Look at the italicized nouns in the followingsentences. C(Count nouns) andNC(Noncountnouns)
C C C
I bought some chairs, tables, and desks. Inother
NC
words I bought some furni ture.
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NONCOUNT NOUNS
Most noncount nouns refer to a whole thatis made up of different parts.
(a) I bought some chairs, tables and desks. Inother words I bougth some furni ture.
furni ture represents a whole group of thingsthat is made up of similar but separate items
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(b) I put some sugarin my coffee.
Sugar and coffee represent whole massesmade up of individual particles or elements.
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(c) I wish you luck.
Luck is an abstract concept, an abstract whole. Ithas no physical form; you canttouch it. You cantcount it.
(d) Sunshine is warm and cheerful
Phenomena of nature, such us sunshine, arefrequently used as noncount nouns.
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(e) NONCOUNT: Ann has brown hair.COUNT: Tom has a hair into his jacket.
(f) NONCOUNT: I opened the curtains to let in somel ight.
COUNT: Dontforget to turn off the l ights before
you go to bed.
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Many nouns can be used as either noncount orcount nouns, but the meaning is
different;e.g., hair in (e) and l ight in (f).
To express a particular quantity may bepreceded by unit expressions:e.g., a
spoonful of sugar, a glass of water, a cup ofcoffee, a quart of milk, a loaf of bread, a grainof rice, a bowl of soup, a bag of flour, apound of meat, a piece of furniture, a piece of
paper, a piece of jewelry.
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SOME COMMON NONCOUNT NOUNSThe following are typical of nouns that are
commonly used as noncount nouns. This listserves only as a sample.(a) WHOLE GROUPS MADE UP OF SILMILAR ITEMS:
baggage, clothing, equipment, food, fruit, furniture,garbage, hardware, jewelry, junk, luggage,machinery, mail, makeup, money/cash/change,postage, scenery, traffic.
(b) FLUIDS: water, coffee, tea, milk, oil, soup, gasoline,blood, etc.
(c) SOLIDS: ice, bread, butter, cheese, meat, gold,
iron, silver, glass, paper, wood, cotton, wool, etc.(d) GASES: steam, air, oxygen, nitrogen, smoke,smog, pollution, etc.
(e) PARTICLES: rice, chalk, corn, dirt, dust, flour,grass, hair, pepper, salt, sand, sugar, wheat, etc.
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(f) ABSTRACTIONS:
- beauty, confidence, courage, education,enjoyment, fun, happiness, health, help,honesty, hospitality, importance, intelligence,
justice, knowledge, laughter, luck, music,
patience, price, pride, progress, recreation,significance, sleep, truth, violence, wealth,etc.
- Advice, information, news, evidence, proof.
- Time, space, energy.
- Homework, work.
- Grammar, slang, vocabulary.
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(g) LANGUAGES: Arabic, Chinese, English,Spanish, etc.
(h) FIELDS OF STUDY: chemistry, engineering,history, literature, mathemtics,psychologie, etc.
(i) RECREATION: baseball, soccer, tennis,
chess, brigde, poker, etc.(j) GENERAL ACTIVITIES: driving, studying,swimming, traveling, walking (and othergerunds.
(k) NATURAL PHENOMENA: weather, dew, fog,hail, heat, humidity, lightning, rain, sleet,snow, thunder, wind, darkness, light,sunshine, electricity, fire, gravity.
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EXPRESSIONS OF QUANTITY
An expression of quantity (e.g., one, several, many,much) may peced a noun. Notice below: Someexpressions of quantity are used only with count nouns;some only with noncount nouns; some with either count ornoncount nouns.
EXPRESSIONSOF QUANTITY
USED WITHCOUNT NOUNS
OneEach
Every
One appleEach apple
Every apple
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EXPRESSIONS
OF QUANTITYUSED WITH
COUNT NOUNS
Two
Both
A couple of
Tree, etc.A few
Several
Many
A number of
Two apples
Both apples
A couple of apples
Tree applesA few apples
Several apples
Many apples
A number of apples
EXPRESSIONS
OF QUANTITY USED WITHNONCOUNTNOUNS
A little
Much
A great deal of
A little rice
Much rice
A great deal of rice
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EXPRESSIONS
OF QUANTITY
USED WITH
COUNT NOUNS
USED WITHNONCOUNT NOUNS
Not any/no
Some
A lot of
Lots ofPlenty of
Most
All
Not any/no apples
Some apples
A lot of apples
Lots of applesPlenty of apples
Most apples
All apples
Not any/no rice
Some rice
A lot of rice
Lots of ricePlenty of rice
Most of rice
All rice
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BIBLIOGRAFA
Betty Schrampfer Azar.Understanding and usingEnglish Grammar.
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