cost/performance panel p. m. grant 1 april 1998 hts/lts for hep ii cost/performance panel paul m....
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Cost/Performance PanelP. M. Grant
1 April 1998
HTS/LTSFor HEP
II
Cost/Performance Panel
Paul M. Grant
EPRI
HTS/LTS for HEP II
Napa, California
30 March - 1 April 1998
Cost/Performance PanelP. M. Grant
1 April 1998
HTS/LTSFor HEP
II
What’s Needed?A Spec Sheet for HTS Wire!A Spec Sheet for HTS Wire!
V = f(I,T,B,,,A,l,,),
where V = voltage drop per unit length,I = current,T = temperature, B = magnetic field, = crystallographic orientation, = frequency,A = cross-sectional area,l = wire length, = stress, = strain.
C/P $/I×l = g (V,T,B,,,A,l,,).
Cost/Performance PanelP. M. Grant
1 April 1998
HTS/LTSFor HEP
II Malozemoff’s LawASC Short Rolled Multifilament
(Bi,Pb)-2223/Ag
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
80000
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999
Year
Jc
(A
/cm
^2
, 7
7 K
, 0
T)
Cost/Performance PanelP. M. Grant
1 April 1998
HTS/LTSFor HEP
II IGC BSCCO
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
Jan-94 Mar-94 May-94 Jun-94 Aug-94 Oct-94 Nov-94 Jan-95 Dec-95
IGC/ANLPROGRESS IN FABRICATION OFLONG-LENGTH CONDUCTORS
Ove
rall
Cri
tical
Cur
rent
Den
sity
(Jo
) at 7
7K
Cost/Performance PanelP. M. Grant
1 April 1998
HTS/LTSFor HEP
II “The SokPlot”
1000 100 10 1 0.11
10
100
1000
10000
Y-123 IBAD
EURUS
Bi-222377K, 0TSiemensTarget
Bi-222377K, 0TNKT Target
"Sokolowski Plot" of HTSC Wire Performance and Cost
NbTi4.2K, 2T
Bi-22124.2K, 0TIGC
Nb3Sn
4.2K, 12-15 T
Bi-222377K, 0TIGC
$1,000
$100$10 $1 /kAm
Op
erat
ing
Cu
rren
t, Ic
(A
)
Cost ($/m)
Cost/Performance PanelP. M. Grant
1 April 1998
HTS/LTSFor HEP
II
3/98 DOE Handout????
10
100
1
1,000
10,000
$/kA×m
Cost/Performance PanelP. M. Grant
1 April 1998
HTS/LTSFor HEP
II
• Assumptions/Costs– Tape Dimensions: 5 mm 0.5 mm– 50% HTSC Fill Factor
– IC = 100 A
– Ag Cost = $0.153/gm ($4.75/troy oz)
• Ag C/P = $20/kA×m
BSCCO OPIT/Ag :Ag Component, C/P
Cost/Performance PanelP. M. Grant
1 April 1998
HTS/LTSFor HEP
II Warren Buffet Effect
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.5
7.0$/troy oz
8/97 9/97 10/97 11/97 12/97 1/98 2/98 3/98 4/98
Month
May ‘98 Silver Futures-----------
Past 8 Months
Cost/Performance PanelP. M. Grant
1 April 1998
HTS/LTSFor HEP
II
• Assumptions/Costs– Tape Dimensions: 5 mm 0.5 mm– 50% HTSC Fill Factor
– IC = 100 A
– Ag Cost = $0.217/gm ($6.75/troy oz)
• Ag C/P = $20/kA×m $28.5/kA×m
BSCCO OPIT/Ag :Ag Component, C/P
Cost/Performance PanelP. M. Grant
1 April 1998
HTS/LTSFor HEP
II Malozemoff’s LawASC Short Rolled Multifilament
(Bi,Pb)-2223/Ag
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
80000
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999
Year
Jc
(A
/cm
^2
, 7
7 K
, 0
T)
Cost/Performance PanelP. M. Grant
1 April 1998
HTS/LTSFor HEP
II
Polarized Micrograph
Magneto-Optic Image
JC Paths> 3.6 > 3.6 10 1055 A/cm A/cm22
> 2.6 > 2.6 10 1055 A/cm A/cm22
> 1.6 > 1.6 10 1055 A/cm A/cm22
> 0> 0 A/cm A/cm22
JC Paths in BSCCO OPIT/Ag
Cost/Performance PanelP. M. Grant
1 April 1998
HTS/LTSFor HEP
II As Good As It GetsASC Short Rolled Multifilament
(Bi,Pb)-2223/Ag
0
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
300000
350000
400000
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035
Year
Jc (
A/c
m^
2, 7
7 K
, 0
T)
Slope = 9211 A/cm^2/yr
Cost/Performance PanelP. M. Grant
1 April 1998
HTS/LTSFor HEP
II Best
Best Scenario: ASC Performance
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997
Year
C/P
($/
kA.m
, 77
K,
0 T
)
Width (mm) 5 Ag ($/t-oz) BSCCO ($/cc)"L&O" ($/m)
Thick (mm) 0.5 4.75 0.34 1.108
HTSC (%) 50%
Ag BSCCO "L&O" Total
Cost ($/m) 1.645875 0.425 1.108 3.178875
Cost/Performance PanelP. M. Grant
1 April 1998
HTS/LTSFor HEP
II WorstWidth (mm) 5 Ag ($/t-oz) BSCCO ($/cc)"L&O" ($/m)
Thick (mm) 0.5 6.75 1.37 5.54
HTSC (%) 25%
Ag BSCCO "L&O" Total
Cost ($/m) 3.5083125 0.85625 5.54 9.9045625
Worst Scenario: ASC Performance
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997
Year
C/P
($/
kA.m
, 77
K,
0 T
)
Cost/Performance PanelP. M. Grant
1 April 1998
HTS/LTSFor HEP
II
BSCCO OPIT/Ag Tape: E-J Characteristic
Typical E vs J Power Law
0.0E+00
5.0E-06
1.0E-05
1.5E-05
2.0E-05
0 25000 50000 75000
J (A/cm^2)
E (
V/c
m)
E = aJn
n = 15
T = 77 K
E = 1 V/cm
Cost/Performance PanelP. M. Grant
1 April 1998
HTS/LTSFor HEP
II JC(B,T) for BSCCO
0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.008.00 9.00
10.00
85
70
50200
1
2
3
4
5
6
Jc(B
,T)/J
c(0,
77)
B(T)
T(K)
ASC Bi-2223 OPIT TapeNormalized Jc, B||ab
85777064503520
0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.008.00
9.0010.00
2050
70
85
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Jc(B
,T)/J
c(0,
77)
B(T)
T(K)
ASC Bi-2223 OPIT TapeNormalized Jc, B||c
20355064707785
Cost/Performance PanelP. M. Grant
1 April 1998
HTS/LTSFor HEP
II
Derating Factors:C/P Multipliers
(ASC)• 1 µV/cm Derating @ 77 K 1.2• 0.1 T Field 1.8 1.15 (B ab)• 1 km Length 3.0 1.05• ac Operation 2.5• Profit (???) 1.3
Accumulated Multiplier 21 ! 4.7
Cost/Performance PanelP. M. Grant
1 April 1998
HTS/LTSFor HEP
II
Wire C/P Market Entry Thresholds
Time
C/P
($/
kA
×m
) Substation Elimination
SMES/FCL/Transformers
70% New UG Cables
Cost/Performance PanelP. M. Grant
1 April 1998
HTS/LTSFor HEP
II
What’s Needed?A Spec Sheet for HTS Wire!A Spec Sheet for HTS Wire!
V = f(I,T,B,,,A,l,,),
where V = voltage drop per unit length,I = current,T = temperature, B = magnetic field, = crystallographic orientation, = frequency,A = cross-sectional area,l = wire length, = stress, = strain.
C/P $/I×l = g (V,T,B,,,A,l,,).
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