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Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc

Alan Brinkley, Alan Brinkley, AMERICAN HISTORY 12/eAMERICAN HISTORY 12/e

Chapter Twenty-Seven: Chapter Twenty-Seven:

The Global Crisis 1921-The Global Crisis 1921-19411941

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc

Chapter Twenty-Seven: Chapter Twenty-Seven:

The Global Crisis 1921-1941The Global Crisis 1921-1941

The Diplomacy of the New EraThe Diplomacy of the New Era Myth of IsolationismMyth of Isolationism

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc

Chapter Twenty-Seven: Chapter Twenty-Seven:

The Global Crisis 1921-1941The Global Crisis 1921-1941

The Diplomacy of the New EraThe Diplomacy of the New Era– Replacing the LeagueReplacing the League

Washington Conference of 1921Washington Conference of 1921

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc

Chapter Twenty-Seven: Chapter Twenty-Seven:

The Global Crisis 1921-1941The Global Crisis 1921-1941

The Diplomacy of the New EraThe Diplomacy of the New Era– Replacing the LeagueReplacing the League

Washington Conference of 1921Washington Conference of 1921 Kellogg-Briand PactKellogg-Briand Pact

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc

Chapter Twenty-Seven: Chapter Twenty-Seven:

The Global Crisis 1921-1941The Global Crisis 1921-1941

The Diplomacy of the New EraThe Diplomacy of the New Era– Debts and DiplomacyDebts and Diplomacy

European AidEuropean Aid

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc

Chapter Twenty-Seven: Chapter Twenty-Seven:

The Global Crisis 1921-1941The Global Crisis 1921-1941

The Diplomacy of the New EraThe Diplomacy of the New Era– Debts and DiplomacyDebts and Diplomacy

European AidEuropean Aid Circular LoansCircular Loans

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc

Chapter Twenty-Seven: Chapter Twenty-Seven:

The Global Crisis 1921-1941The Global Crisis 1921-1941

The Diplomacy of the New EraThe Diplomacy of the New Era– Debts and DiplomacyDebts and Diplomacy

European AidEuropean Aid Circular LoansCircular Loans Economic Expansion in Latin AmericaEconomic Expansion in Latin America

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc

Chapter Twenty-Seven: Chapter Twenty-Seven:

The Global Crisis 1921-1941The Global Crisis 1921-1941

The Diplomacy of the New EraThe Diplomacy of the New Era– Hoover and the World CrisisHoover and the World Crisis

Efforts in Latin AmericaEfforts in Latin America

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc

Chapter Twenty-Seven: Chapter Twenty-Seven:

The Global Crisis 1921-1941The Global Crisis 1921-1941

The Diplomacy of the New EraThe Diplomacy of the New Era– Hoover and the World CrisisHoover and the World Crisis

Efforts in Latin AmericaEfforts in Latin America Mussolini Mussolini

and Hitlerand Hitler

Hitler in the Reichstag (Royalty-Free / CORBIS)

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc

Chapter Twenty-Seven: Chapter Twenty-Seven:

The Global Crisis 1921-1941The Global Crisis 1921-1941

The Diplomacy of the New EraThe Diplomacy of the New Era– Hoover and the World CrisisHoover and the World Crisis

Efforts in Latin AmericaEfforts in Latin America Mussolini and HitlerMussolini and Hitler ManchuriaManchuria

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc

Chapter Twenty-Seven: Chapter Twenty-Seven:

The Global Crisis 1921-1941The Global Crisis 1921-1941

The Diplomacy of the New EraThe Diplomacy of the New Era– Hoover and the World CrisisHoover and the World Crisis

Efforts in Latin AmericaEfforts in Latin America Mussolini and HitlerMussolini and Hitler ManchuriaManchuria Failure of America’s Interwar DiplomacyFailure of America’s Interwar Diplomacy

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc

Chapter Twenty-Seven: Chapter Twenty-Seven:

The Global Crisis 1921-1941The Global Crisis 1921-1941

Isolationism and InternationalismIsolationism and Internationalism– Depression DiplomacyDepression Diplomacy

FDR’s BombshellFDR’s Bombshell

Franklin Delano Roosevelt (Library of Congress)

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc

Chapter Twenty-Seven: Chapter Twenty-Seven:

The Global Crisis 1921-1941The Global Crisis 1921-1941

Isolationism and InternationalismIsolationism and Internationalism– Depression DiplomacyDepression Diplomacy

FDR’s BombshellFDR’s Bombshell Reciprocal Trade Agreement ActReciprocal Trade Agreement Act

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc

Chapter Twenty-Seven: Chapter Twenty-Seven:

The Global Crisis 1921-1941The Global Crisis 1921-1941

Isolationism and InternationalismIsolationism and Internationalism– America and the Soviet UnionAmerica and the Soviet Union

Promising BeginningsPromising Beginnings

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc

Chapter Twenty-Seven: Chapter Twenty-Seven:

The Global Crisis 1921-1941The Global Crisis 1921-1941

Isolationism and InternationalismIsolationism and Internationalism– America and the Soviet UnionAmerica and the Soviet Union

Promising BeginningsPromising Beginnings Return to MistrustReturn to Mistrust

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc

Chapter Twenty-Seven: Chapter Twenty-Seven:

The Global Crisis 1921-1941The Global Crisis 1921-1941

Isolationism and InternationalismIsolationism and Internationalism– The Good Neighbor PolicyThe Good Neighbor Policy

Inter-American ConferenceInter-American Conference

“No state has the right to intervene in the internal or external affairs of another”

Cordell Hull

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc

Chapter Twenty-Seven: Chapter Twenty-Seven:

The Global Crisis 1921-1941The Global Crisis 1921-1941

Isolationism and InternationalismIsolationism and Internationalism– The Rise of IsolationismThe Rise of Isolationism

Sources of IsolationismSources of Isolationism

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc

Chapter Twenty-Seven: Chapter Twenty-Seven:

The Global Crisis 1921-1941The Global Crisis 1921-1941

Isolationism and InternationalismIsolationism and Internationalism– The Rise of IsolationismThe Rise of Isolationism

Sources of IsolationismSources of Isolationism Neutrality ActsNeutrality Acts

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc

Chapter Twenty-Seven: Chapter Twenty-Seven:

The Global Crisis 1921-1941The Global Crisis 1921-1941

Isolationism and InternationalismIsolationism and Internationalism– The Rise of IsolationismThe Rise of Isolationism

Sources of IsolationismSources of Isolationism Neutrality ActsNeutrality Acts EthiopiaEthiopia

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc

Chapter Twenty-Seven: Chapter Twenty-Seven:

The Global Crisis 1921-1941The Global Crisis 1921-1941

Isolationism and InternationalismIsolationism and Internationalism– The Rise of IsolationismThe Rise of Isolationism

Sources of IsolationismSources of Isolationism Neutrality ActsNeutrality Acts EthiopiaEthiopia The Spanish Civil WarThe Spanish Civil War

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc

Chapter Twenty-Seven: Chapter Twenty-Seven:

The Global Crisis 1921-1941The Global Crisis 1921-1941

Isolationism and InternationalismIsolationism and Internationalism– The Rise of IsolationismThe Rise of Isolationism

Sources of IsolationismSources of Isolationism Neutrality ActsNeutrality Acts EthiopiaEthiopia The Spanish Civil WarThe Spanish Civil War ““Quarantine” SpeechQuarantine” Speech

Franklin Delano Roosevelt (Library of Congress)

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc

Chapter Twenty-Seven: Chapter Twenty-Seven:

The Global Crisis 1921-1941The Global Crisis 1921-1941

Isolationism and InternationalismIsolationism and Internationalism– The Rise of IsolationismThe Rise of Isolationism

Sources of IsolationismSources of Isolationism Neutrality ActsNeutrality Acts EthiopiaEthiopia The Spanish Civil WarThe Spanish Civil War ““Quarantine” SpeechQuarantine” Speech The The PanayPanay

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc

Chapter Twenty-Seven: Chapter Twenty-Seven:

The Global Crisis 1921-1941The Global Crisis 1921-1941

Isolationism and InternationalismIsolationism and Internationalism– The Failure of MunichThe Failure of Munich

Hitler and CzechoslovakiaHitler and Czechoslovakia

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc

Chapter Twenty-Seven: Chapter Twenty-Seven:

The Global Crisis 1921-1941The Global Crisis 1921-1941

Isolationism and InternationalismIsolationism and Internationalism– The Failure of MunichThe Failure of Munich

Hitler and CzechoslovakiaHitler and Czechoslovakia Munich ConferenceMunich Conference

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc

Chapter Twenty-Seven: Chapter Twenty-Seven:

The Global Crisis 1921-1941The Global Crisis 1921-1941

Isolationism and InternationalismIsolationism and Internationalism– The Failure of MunichThe Failure of Munich

Hitler and CzechoslovakiaHitler and Czechoslovakia Munich ConferenceMunich Conference Failure of “Appeasement”Failure of “Appeasement”

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc

Chapter Twenty-Seven: Chapter Twenty-Seven:

The Global Crisis 1921-1941The Global Crisis 1921-1941

From Neutrality to InterventionFrom Neutrality to Intervention– Neutrality TestedNeutrality Tested

Cash-and-CarryCash-and-Carry

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc

Chapter Twenty-Seven: Chapter Twenty-Seven:

The Global Crisis 1921-1941The Global Crisis 1921-1941

From Neutrality to InterventionFrom Neutrality to Intervention– Neutrality TestedNeutrality Tested

Cash-and-CarryCash-and-Carry Fall of FranceFall of France

French citizens look on in horror as Germans march into Paris, June 14, 1940 (Royalty-Free / CORBIS)

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc

Chapter Twenty-Seven: Chapter Twenty-Seven:

The Global Crisis 1921-1941The Global Crisis 1921-1941

From Neutrality to InterventionFrom Neutrality to Intervention– Neutrality TestedNeutrality Tested

Cash-and-CarryCash-and-Carry Fall of FranceFall of France Shifting Public OpinionShifting Public Opinion

Big Ben, 1940 (Royalty-Free / CORBIS)

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc

Chapter Twenty-Seven: Chapter Twenty-Seven:

The Global Crisis 1921-1941The Global Crisis 1921-1941

From Neutrality to InterventionFrom Neutrality to Intervention– Neutrality TestedNeutrality Tested

Cash-and-CarryCash-and-Carry Fall of FranceFall of France Shifting Public OpinionShifting Public Opinion America First CommitteeAmerica First Committee

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc

Chapter Twenty-Seven: Chapter Twenty-Seven:

The Global Crisis 1921-1941The Global Crisis 1921-1941

From Neutrality to InterventionFrom Neutrality to Intervention– The Third-Term CampaignThe Third-Term Campaign

Wendell WillkieWendell Willkie

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc

Chapter Twenty-Seven: Chapter Twenty-Seven:

The Global Crisis 1921-1941The Global Crisis 1921-1941

From Neutrality to InterventionFrom Neutrality to Intervention– Neutrality AbandonedNeutrality Abandoned

Lend-LeaseLend-Lease

First Mass Air Raid on London, September 7, 1940 (Royalty-Free / CORBIS)

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc

Chapter Twenty-Seven: Chapter Twenty-Seven:

The Global Crisis 1921-1941The Global Crisis 1921-1941

From Neutrality to InterventionFrom Neutrality to Intervention– Neutrality AbandonedNeutrality Abandoned

Lend-LeaseLend-Lease Germany Invades Germany Invades

the USSRthe USSR

German Troops in Russia, 1941 (Royalty-Free / CORBIS)

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc

Chapter Twenty-Seven: Chapter Twenty-Seven:

The Global Crisis 1921-1941The Global Crisis 1921-1941

From Neutrality to InterventionFrom Neutrality to Intervention– Neutrality AbandonedNeutrality Abandoned

Lend-LeaseLend-Lease Germany Invades the USSRGermany Invades the USSR Atlantic CharterAtlantic Charter

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc

Chapter Twenty-Seven: Chapter Twenty-Seven:

The Global Crisis 1921-1941The Global Crisis 1921-1941

From Neutrality to InterventionFrom Neutrality to Intervention– The Road to Pearl HarborThe Road to Pearl Harbor

Tripartite PactTripartite Pact

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc

Chapter Twenty-Seven: Chapter Twenty-Seven:

The Global Crisis 1921-1941The Global Crisis 1921-1941

From Neutrality to InterventionFrom Neutrality to Intervention– The Road to Pearl HarborThe Road to Pearl Harbor

Tripartite PactTripartite Pact Tokyo’s Decision for WarTokyo’s Decision for War

Naval dispatch from the Commander in Chief Pacific (CINCPAC) announcing theJapanese attack on Pearl Harbor, December 7, 1941 (Library of Congress)

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc

Chapter Twenty-Seven: Chapter Twenty-Seven:

The Global Crisis 1921-1941The Global Crisis 1921-1941

From Neutrality to InterventionFrom Neutrality to Intervention– The Road to Pearl HarborThe Road to Pearl Harbor

Tripartite PactTripartite Pact Tokyo’s Decision Tokyo’s Decision

for Warfor War Pearl HarborPearl Harbor

The USS Arizona sinks after theJapanese attack on Pearl Harbor, December 71941 (CORBIS / Royalty-Free)

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc

Chapter Twenty-Seven: Chapter Twenty-Seven:

The Global Crisis 1921-1941The Global Crisis 1921-1941

America in the World:America in the World:

The Sino-Japanese War 1931-The Sino-Japanese War 1931-19411941

Baby after Japanese bombing of Shanghai, August 28, 1937 (CORBIS/Royalty Free )

Copyright ©2007 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc

Pearl Harbor, December 7, 1941 (CORBIS / Royalty-Free)

Chapter Twenty-Seven: Chapter Twenty-Seven:

The Global Crisis 1921-1941The Global Crisis 1921-1941

Where Historians Disagree:Where Historians Disagree:

The Question of Pearl HarborThe Question of Pearl Harbor

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