coordinated development of the architecture of the primary shoot in bush rose s. demotes-mainard*,...
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Coordinated development of the architecture of the primary shoot in
bush rose
S. Demotes-Mainard*, G. Guéritaine*, R. Boumaza*, P. Favre*, V. Guérin*, L. Huché-Thélier*, B. Andrieu**
*UMR SAGAH, Angers, France** UMR EGC, Grignon, France
D I E T
A G R I C U L T U R E
E N V I R O N M E N T
In ornamental plants, the architecture is important for both plant functions and plant visual quality
Creeping or erect stature
Symmetry
Foliage density
Development, Organ extension,
Resources allocation
Perception of environment Acquisition of resources
Architecture
Plant-Environment
interface
Yield and nutritive
quality
Visual quality
Food &
fodder crops
Orn
amen
tal crops
Not mentioning other users
Growing roses in a glasshouse enables to modulate the environmental conditions
Temperature, CO2, radiation, humidity, water and nutrient supply can be manipulated
Growing roses in a glasshouse implies:
•the possibility to manipulate plant environment
•the requirement to optimize the costs linked to the glasshouse and to control the diseases and insects
=> need tools to define the best compromizes
In roses, architecture is strongly modified by environmental conditions
Sensitivity to global environmental conditions
Girault et al. (2008) Plant Cell Env. 31:1534-1544
Sensitivity to local environmental conditions
For growers:• Knowledge on how to manipulate plant architecture to match needs for:
- innovative shapes - stable, reproductible shapes
• References on how new varieties are going to behave•Methods to manipulate plant shape cheaper than pruning
For research : Rose bush as a model to investigate G*E interactions on formation of plant architecture
Objectives
• Objective of the projectTo develop a functional structural model of bush rose in order to explore the plant response to genotype × environment interactions
• Objective of the work presented hereTo produce an organized description of the kinetics of development and final dimensions of the organs forming the primary shoot of the rosebush and of their relationships
• Expected outcomes of this work:– Identification of pattern that may be stable enough to be
incorporated into a functional structural model – A parametric 3D rose model that can be used to investigate light
distribution on the plant– A grid for analyzing rose architecture in response to genotype ×
environment interactions
Material and methods
Roses (Rosa hybrida) of the ‘Radrazz’ cultivar
- Plant developmental stages
- Number of phytomers on main shoot
- Leaf shape measurements at various stages
- Detailed kinetics of extension for terminal leaflets and for internodes
2 glasshouse experiments with destructive and non-destructive measurements
Bud break from a cutting
Flowering of primary axis
Le Bris, 1999, PhD ThesisLe Bris, 1999, PhD Thesis
Simple relationships allowed to describe the sequence of leaves along the stem
Allometric relationships related all leaflet dimensions to length of terminal-leaflet
This was true when comparing mature leaves and was quite accurate for a leaf at different stages of growth
Mea
n le
afle
t num
ber
per
leaf
-1012345678
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Phytomer rank
Mea
n le
afle
t num
ber
....
8 phytomers 9 phytomers 10 phytomers
11 phytomers 12 phytomers
Me
an
lea
flet
nu
mb
er
pe
r le
af
Base Top
Main stem consisted of between8 and 12 phytomers at flowering
The number of leaflets per leaf varied according to position along the stem, following a well defined pattern
Extension of terminal leaflets and internodeswere fitted by linear relations with thermal time
A phytomer
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
-450 -400 -350 -300 -250 -200 -150 -100 -50 0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Leng
th (cm
)
...
..
Degree days since peduncle was 1 cm
I1
I3I5
I7
I9
I10
I11
Peduncle
A3
A5 A7
A9 A11
VFB VCP SR
A6
- - - : Term. leaflet (A)
___ : Internode (I)
Within plants :- Leaflets of successive phytomers had very similar durations of extension: the variability in final size resulted only from variability in extension rates
- Internodes of successive phytomers show some variability in the duration of extension: the variability in final sizes resulted mainly from variability in extension rates and slightly from variability in duration of extension
Between plants: For plants having a same number of phytomers, variability of size resulted from variation in extension rates
A
I
Extension of terminal leaflets and internodes are coordinated
The beginning of linear growth: terminal leaflet was synchronous with the internode of the same phytomer
End of growth: terminal leaflet was synchronous with the internode of the next phytomer
-500
-400
-300
-200
-100
0
-500 -400 -300 -200 -100 0
Terminal leaflet n
Inte
rnod
e n
...
y=x
°Cd since peduncle is 1 cm
Beginning of extension
-300
-200
-100
0
100
200
-300 -200 -100 0 100 200
Terminal leaflet n
Inte
rnod
e n+
1 ......
y=x
°Cd since peduncle is 1 cm
End of extension
Virtual rose – UMR SAGAH – P. FavreVirtual rose – UMR SAGAH – P. Favre
Animation Rosier_0001.wmv
First implementation of a dynamic rose treeFirst L-system implementation, using L-studio
Implications• This works provides a framework for studying
the development of rosebushes architecture• The stability of the relationships will be
evaluated over a range of genotypes and growth conditions
• Two main types of application :– A grid for analyzing the response of rose phenotypic
development genotype × environment interactions – A dynamic, plant model that can be fitted to experimental data
and coupled with a radiative transfer model to test hypotheses on plant responses to global and local light environment
– Depending on their stability, some or all of observed patterns willl be re-used in the development of a functional plant model
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