climate and global change notes 16-1 earth’s radiation & energy budget solar radiation versus...

Climate and Global Change Notes

16-1

Earth’s Radiation & Energy Budget

Solar Radiation Versus Latitude

Budget Versus LatitudeWeatherOcean Currents

Science Concepts

Incident RadiationEmitted Radiation

The Earth System (Kump, Kastin & Crane)

• Chap. 4 (pp. 58-59)

Climate and Global Change Notes

16-2

Global Radiation Budget Variations

What do you think the global distribution of the Earth’s

longwave r adiation exiting the top of the atmosphere should look like?

What latitude should have the maximum emitted radiation?

What latitude should have the least?

What determines the amount of emitted radiation from any object?

Climate and Global Change Notes

16-3

Global Radiation Budget Variations

Note:

• General decrease as move toward thepoles

• Minimumjust north of the Equator

• Maximumnorth and south of Equatorial minimum

Climate and Global Change Notes

16-4

Global Radiation Budget Variations

Annual Average Cloud Cover

• Note

- Minimum- Maximum

http://isccp.giss.nasa.gov/products/browsed2.html

Climate and Global Change Notes

16-5

Global Radiation Budget Variations

Net Radiation vs Latitude

400

300

200

100

0 10N 10S 30S 30N 50S 50N 90S 90N

Latitude

Surplus

Heat Transfer Heat Transfer

Radiation Lost Radiation Received

Deficit Deficit

Radiation Intensity ( W

/ m 2 )

Climate and Global Change Notes

16-6

Global Radiation Budget Variations

Atmospheric Heat Transfer

• Example

- Low pressuresystem ormidlatitude cycloneover U.S.

http://visibleearth.nasa.gov/Sensors/Terra/

Climate and Global Change Notes

16-7

Global Radiation Budget Variations

Atmospheric Heat Transfer

• Example

- Low-pressure system off Australia

http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/NaturalHazards/natural_hazards_v2.php3?img_id=2108

Climate and Global Change Notes

16-8

Global Radiation Budget Variations

Atmospheric Heat Transfer

• Example

- Hurricane Georges battering the Gulf Coast on September 28, 1998

Climate and Global Change Notes

16-9

Global Radiation Budget Variations

Atmospheric Heat Transfer• Example

http://visibleearth.nasa.gov/Sensors/Terra/

Climate and Global Change Notes

16-10Global Radiation Budget

VariationsOcean Heat Transfer

• Example

- Gulf Stream