clean air for london: clearflo david green, king’s college london
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Clean air for London: ClearfLo
David Green, King’s College London
Contents
Project overview• Consortium, aims and methodology
Infrastructure and instrumentation• Monitoring sites, instrumentation, IOPs
Science programme• Analysis aims
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ClearfLo Consortium
NERC Environment and Health Programme
2010 - 2013
Coordinated by National Centre for Atmospheric Science (NCAS)
University of Reading
University of York
University of Leeds
University of Salford
CEH Edinburgh
University of East Anglia
University of Leicester
University of Manchester
King’s College London
University of Birmingham
University of Hertfordshire
3
ClearfLo Aims1.Establish an infrastructure to measure meteorology, gaseous composition and particulate
2.Develop a climatology of London’s urban atmosphere
3.Determine the meteorological processes that control the heat content, mixing properties and depth of London’s urban boundary layer
4.Determine the chemical processes that control the loading of O3 and NO2 in London
5.Determine the chemical and physical processes that control the size and number distribution of particulate matter
6.Evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of a current air quality model
Leading to a greater understanding of and ability to predict key health drivers - PM, NOX, O3, temperature
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ClearfLo Methodology
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Infrastructure programme
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London Sites
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Improving infrastructure
Creating more room in existing monitoring stations
North Kensington
Marylebone Road
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Improving measurement capabilities
Adding pollution measurements to established weather stations
Adding pollution and / or meteorological sensors at:
1. Rural sites
2. High level
3. Established sites
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Particulate MatterWider PM size range
• 10 nm – 10+ µm
Urban and kerbside increments
Different heights
East to west transect
Q-AMS at Marylebone Road (approx 12 months)
Additional PM samplers at all sites• Provide samples for toxicity and further chemical analysis
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D. Beddows et al. 2010 An Enhanced Procedure For The Merging Of Atmospheric Particle Size Distribution Data Measured Using Electrical Mobility And Time-of-flight Analysers (In review)
GaseousBT Tower
• High sensitivity (10-15 pptv), fast response (1 Hz) NO and NO2
• High sensitivity (3 ppbv), fast response (1 Hz) CO• Give both fluxes and concentrations• O3, CO2 and H20 also measured
High sensitivity CO (10 ppbv) at North Kensington
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Meteorological measurementsCeilometers at NK, MR, KCL and Detling
• Boundary layer height, cloud height and aerosol backscatter profiles
Eddy correlation (EC) masts at NK, BT, KCL and Chilbolton• Turbulence, radiation, energy balance fluxes and standard meteorological variables
Large Aperture Scintilometry (LAS) at NK and KCL • Turbulent heat fluxes
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Intensive Observation PeriodsSummer and winter (5 weeks each) in 2011/2012
• Background site in London (location TBC)• Coincide with EMEP Intensives?
Vertical structure of urban boundary layer• Doppler lidar, MAX-DOAS
Diurnal evolution of boundary layer over urban surface• Comparing Doppler lidars at Chilbolton and Lodnon
Measure biogenic species• Dual channel gas chromatograph
Measure radical species• Laser Induced Fluorescence
Physical and compositional properties of PM• TOF-AMS, ATOFMS, HTDMA, PASS-3
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Science programme
Seasonal variations in boundary layer, gaseous concs, PM concs and increments, modelled met and modelled concs
Urban boundary layer processes• Night-time processes, sea breezes
Composition processes• Oxidative budget, long range transport, night time processes,
satellite vs. street obs, changes in emissions
Particles and Health Processes• Spatial variation, sub-micron aerosol chemical composition
Air Quality modelling & Integration• Synthesis of long term modelled and measured data
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ClearfLo Consortium
NERC Environment and Health Programme
2010 - 2013
Coordinated by National Centre for Atmospheric Science (NCAS)
University of Reading
University of York
University of Leeds
University of Salford
CEH Edinburgh
University of East Anglia
University of Leicester
University of Manchester
King’s College London
University of Birmingham
University of Hertfordshire
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