clay vocabulary clay –a mixture of sand, dirt, water and minerals. ceramics –clay that has...

Art

Clay Vocabulary

Clay–A mixture of sand, dirt, water and

minerals. Ceramics

–Clay that has been firedto create products such as

pottery, bricks, tiles andsculpture.

Clay VocabularyTypes of clay

Terra Cotta (a choice, limited)– Low fire clay. Fires at 1800’, red in color

– White art clay, low fire, best for – sculpture

Clay VocabularyPrepare the Clay

Knead–Mix the clay by folding, pressing, and

stretching the clay. Air Bubbles

–Air that is trapped in the clay–Will explode in the kiln if not removed

through kneading

*Judy Chicago: female artist who creates

3-D plates to celebrate famous women

Judy Chicago

The Dinner Party

1974-79various media48 ft. each side

Greek: Pottery that illustrates

a storyCharacteristics:1. Remarkable achievements in the arts, philosophy, architecture

2. Refined narrative decoration

3. Human “life-like” figures are emphasized

Black-figure Amphora

Red-figure Krater

Olpe

Amphora

Lekythos

Tile : a flat surface with a design that can be raised or carved

Firing: process that heats clay to

1800 F for 5-6 hours

Slab: clay that has been rolled flat

Relief Sculpture: a carved design that is 3-D, has a raised surface

Clay Vocabulary Join /Weld - to attach two pieces of clay together

Slip– Clay + Water = Clay glue– Liquid Clay

Score– Roughing up (scraping) the clay– For attaching clay together

Plastic – clay that is flexible and wet

Easily molded and shaped

Clay VocabularyStages of Clay

Clay VocabularyStages of Clay

Leather Hard– 1st day of drying, easily carved– Clay is cold, stiff, and leathery

Greenware – Completely dry pottery (but not fired)– Most fragile!

Bisque – Clay that is fired once.

Greenware

Raised –

Making a design that comes up off the surface, 3-D with added clay

Foreground: Closest to viewer (highest level)

Middle ground : between front & back

Back ground: farthest from viewer

(lowest level)

Carved- Forming a design by using sharp tools

Levels

Clay VocabularyFiring

Smoothing - Remove all texture with sponge and water

Firing– Fire clay 1400 degrees 6-8 hours

Kiln– Furnace used to fire clay

Glaze– Waterproof, Glass-paint

Shapes and Feet of Bowls

ToolsWood Paddle Sticks: flat paddle that “smacks” lumps and helps to shape clay forms

Modeling Tools: wooden or plastic tools that shape, cut, attach, decorate clay

Loop Tools: wire edged tools that cut, carve, and get lumps out of the clay form

Slab roller/ rolling pin: tool used to flatten clay

Carving knives: sharp edged tools that can cut, score, carve and put details into clay

Kiln: oven used to fire the clay

Finishing the SurfacePatina: painting a surface to create a “faux” look, also creates an aged/antique appearance

Pigment Dust: shimmery powder applied with modge podge

Glaze: glass like paint that is water proof, protects clay surface, and is food friendly

Modge Podge: a varnish that protects a painted surface

Plate & cup:matching design

3-D Clay Tile

Sculpture…

Clay DesignsCarved: subtractive, made by taking away clay with a pointed object

Painted: can be applied after bisque firing, with glaze or acrylic paint

Texture: made on a slab with tools