classification prior knowledge

CLASSIFICATIONPrior Knowledge

• What is a species?• Why are dogs and cats in different species?• Group Activity: paper and pencil

– Go to your lab group.– Take off one of your shoes.– Group shoes according to characteristics.

ex. athletic, dress

CLASSIFICATION SHOES

Athletic DressCasual

Every shoe should be described individually with the person’s name it

belongs to.

SHOE CLASSIFICATION

• How did you first classify the shoes?

• As the groups got bigger, did the divisions change?

• What are some other things that are categorized or organized into classes or groups?

ex. grocery stores

How Living Things Are Classified

START VIDEO(20 min.)

Naming Organisms

Why do we need to name organisms?

What is the name of this organism?

Why do scientist not want to use

common names?

The common name of many animals can be misleading.

Ceylon frogmouth (Batrachostomus moniliger) is a bird.

Killer whales (Orcinus orca )are not whales, but dolphins.

Flying fish (Parezocoetus mesogaster) do not fly, but glide.

Galliwasp (Diploglassus lessorae) is not a wasp but a lizard.

Why do scientist not use common names?Confusing – more than one common nameMisleading – starfish is not a fish

Why use a scientific name?

There is only one scientific nameFelis concolor

Classifying Living Things NOTES:

Read pg. 300 - 304

What language is used for the scientific naming?Latin ex. "E Pluribus Unum“ = “one out of many or of many, one” Since 1873, the law requires that this motto appear on one side of every United States coin that is minted. What are the 2 parts of the scientific

name? Genus (Latin for group) species general description exact kind

organisms share a major only 1 kind of organism

characteristic within a genus

Scientific Name

Species name = describes the appearance or distribution of an organism.

Taxonomy: Science of the naming and classifying

organisms.

Recognizing Relationships Tell me something about each of these organisms.

Carnegiea giganteaNymphaea odorataCanis familiarisPeromyscus californicusViola tricolor

giant saguaro cactusfragrant water lilydomestic dogcommon California mousethree color pansy

Genus + speciesnames should be used when

referring to an organism.Species name alone is not

enough.

Drosophila melanogaster is a fruit fly.

Thamnophis melanogaster is a garter snake.

What is the correct way to write the scientific name?drosophila melanogaster

Drosophila melanogasterDrosophila melanogasterD. melanogaster

Why are scientific names in Latin?

1. The language does not change. 2. It’s tradition. Universal3. Don’t have to rename millions of

species.

Read pg. 301

* Always capitalize the Genus and not the species.

He improved the system of naming plants and

animals by a two‑word name to identify the genus and species.

“binomial nomenclature”

Carolus Linnaeus (1707‑1778), a Swedish botanist whose original name was Carl von Linne.

Matter of Fact:How many species are there?

No one really knows how many species exist. Estimates of the total number of species vary from 3 - 30 million to 10 – 100 million, depending on the source.

Taxonomists estimate that only 1.5 to 1.8 million species have been identified, but

there are no central archives.

Sea creatures found after 2005 Tsunami hit.

Worksheet:Writing the Scientific

Names of AnimalsWorksheet and Key

Read pg. 302 – Classifying Organisms

Today taxonomist classify organisms based on:

physical similarities genetic similarities biochemical similarities behavioral similarities

Kingdom - Phylum - Class -Order -Family -Genus –Species -

continent country statecounty citystreet house

7 Classification Groups

http://nationalzoo.si.edu/Animals/GiantPandas/PandasForKids/classification/classification.htm

King PhillipCriedOut For Good Soup

KingdomPhylumClassOrderFamilyGenusSpecies

To help you remember the seven classification groups in order,

remember this sentence:

Notice how 1 Kingdom will have many phyla. A phylum will have many classes…

One Kingdom will have 1000’s of species in it.

From the chart below, fill in the missing classifications.

Mammalia

Plantae

PrimataFelidaeCanidae

Homosapiens

Homo sapien

Panthera

Read pg. 305 - SPECIES

What is the definition of a biological species?A group of natural populations that are interbreeding or that could interbreed, and that

are reproductively isolated from other such groups.Hybrids – result of interbreeding by individuals

of different species – usually infertile.

* Usually artificially brought about.

mare + male donkey =mule

Bengal cat = domesticated cat + Asian Leopard cat

Liger = lion + tiger

female

maleWolfdog = German shepherd + Wolf

Zebroid