circulatory/ cardiovascular unit #6

C I R C U L AT O R Y/ C A R D I O VA S C U L A R

U N I T # 6

ABG Aterial blood gasAg Antigenbl bloodDiff differentialFE+ IronO2 OxygenRBC Red blood cellWBC White blood cellAIDS Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

alb AlbuminCBC Compete blood countFBS Fasting blood sugarH&H Hemoglobin and hematocritPLC Platelet countRh Rhesus

CREATE A NEW STUDY SET:CIRC/CARDIO

USE PACKET B

(10)

BELL RINGER

• Working with your neighbor, on the back of your

LABs, write 5 sentences using directional terms

(anterior, posterior, inferior, superior, etc.)

comparing muscles in the body.

• For example: the biceps are anterior to the

triceps.

• Use pages 176 and 201 in your books to help you.

• When finished, write your BEST sentence on

your desk

WORD PARTS PRACTICE: WRITE TERM THEN THEN DEFINE

WORD PARTS PRACTICE: WRITE TERM THEN THEN DEFINE

an- No, not, without -globin, globin/o Protein

-ac, -al,-tic,-ic,-ary Pertaining to Hemangi/o Blood vessel

Ante- Before, in front of Leuk/o White

Arter/o Artery -malacia Abnormal softening

Circulat/o Circulate -ology Study of

Coagul/o,

coagulat/o

clotting Ox/i Oxygen

Dilat/o, -dilation Widening, spread

out

Pulmon/o Lung

-emia Blood condition System/o,

systemat/o

Body system

Fibrin/o Threads of a clot -tion Condition of

a- Not, without, away Hem/o, hemat/o Blood

Angi/o Blood or lymph

vessels

-ion Condition

Apoplect/o Stroke Mal- Bad, poor

Ather/o Plaque Norm/o Normal

Crit- To separate -otomy Cutting, surgical

incision

Cyt/o, -cyte Cell Phleb/o Vein

-edema Swelling -rrhage Bleeding/abnormal

fluid

Erythr/o Red -sclerosis Abnormal hardening

-gen, gen/o, gen- Producing Thromb/o clot

INCREDIBLE HUMAN MACHINE

Student exploration

Working with partners try to come

up with 3 words by just using your

WORD PARTS

• Write them out on mini

whiteboards (no definitions yet)

• When Teacher instructs: pass boards

to next group

1. Square the suffix, underline the

word part, circle the prefix (if any)

2. Define them (starting with suffix!)

3. Discussion/check with Ms. Kraack

4. Designate ONE person from the

LAB group: Write 2 words and

definitions on the board up front

an-

-ac, -al,-

tic,-ic,-ary

Arter/o

Circulat/o

Coagul/o,

coagulat/o

Dilat/o, -

dilation

-emia

Fibrin/o

-globin,

globin/o

Leuk/o

-malacia

-ology

Ox/i

Pulmon/o

System/o,

systemat/o

-tion

a-

Ather/o

Crit-

Cyt/o, -cyte

-edema

Erythr/o

-gen,

gen/o, gen-

Hem/o,

hemat/o

-ion

Mal-

Norm/o

-otomy

Phleb/o

-rrhage

-sclerosis

Thromb/o

LAB STATION WORK EXAMPLES

• Arteriomalacia

• Atherosclerosis

• Coagulation

• Hemoglobin

• Normal

• Circulation

• pulmonary

CHAPTER READING:

•Please read pages 185-88

CONTINUE IN STUDY SET: CIRC/CARDIO

AnemiaCoronary CirculationPulmonary CirculationSystemic CirculationErythrocyteLeukocyteThrombocyte

AntibodiesCoagulation:Process of clot formation

HematocritHemoglobinImmunityInflammationPhlebotomy

Plasma: Fluid portion of blood

FROM GLOSSARY

FROM PGS 184-190

(FINAL: 57)

Anemia Below normal number of RBC

Antibody Molecule that interacts with specific antigen

Coagulation Process of clot formation

Coronary circulation

The circulation of blood within the heart

Erythrocyte RBC

Hematocrit To separate blood. A screening test that determines the presence of anemia

Hemoglobin Protein in RBC, carries oxygen

Immunity Security against a particular disease

Inflammation Localized protective response to injury or destruction of tissue resulting in pain, heat, redness, swelling and LOF

Leukocyte WBC

Phlebotomy Incision, or cut, into a vein done to collect a blood sample

Plasma: Fluid portion of blood

Pulmonary circulation

Flow of blood between the heart and lungs

Systemic Circulation

The flow of blood between the heart and the cells of the body (to all systems)

Thrombocyte Blood platelet, smallest blood cell

ROW REVIEW!

•Silent study 2 min

ABBs, WP, vocab to

get ready for quiz

next class.

CIRCULATORY COLORING• You will need 2 contrasting

colors. Make a key. (share

with your LAB group)

• Change colors when you

meet an “X”

• Pg 186 will help with

coronary circ.

• Answer the questions when

you are finished

GUIDING QUESTIONS: WHAT DO YOU KNOW?• What are 3 Types of blood vessels?

• What color are they?

• Why are they different colors?

• What is blood made up of?

• Arteries carry blood ……….?

• Veins carry blood…?

COMPONENTS OF BLOOD

COMPONENTS OF BLOOD

•Solid components:

–Erythrocytes

• Contain hemoglobin

• Live about 120 days

• Made by red marrow in bones

• Liver and spleen remove dead

RBC’s

–Leukocytes

–Thrombocytes

COMPONENTS OF BLOOD

• Solid components:

– Erythrocytes

– Leukocytes

• Function: to fight disease and infection

• Fewer WBC than RBC

• Larger than RBC

• Live about 9 days

• Move out of the blood vessels into lymph

tissue to help with immunity

• Pus = WBC and bacteria

– Thrombocytes

WBC BREAK DOWN

Using pages 187-88 fill in the function of each WBC

WBC FUNCTION

Basophil Release heparin to stop clotting, produce histamine to dilate, control inflammation, kill parasites

Eosinophil Kill parasites, control inflammation & allergic reactions

Neutrophil Remove small unwanted particles from blood

Lymphocyte Essential to immune system. Protect from formation of

cancer cells

Monocyte Destroy large unwanted particles in blood stream

COMPONENTS OF BLOOD• Solid components:

– Erythrocytes

– Leukocytes

– Thrombocytes

• Help with clotting

• Produced in red bone marrow

• Live about 10 days

• Clotting process: platelets stick to damaged

tissue and to each other. Group together to

control blood loss from blood vessel.

COMPONENTS OF BLOOD

•Liquid component:

–Plasma

• Whole blood = 55% plasma

• Made up of:

– Water

– Protein

– Salts

– Nutrients

– Vitamins

– hormones

BELL RINGER:

• Abbreviation, Word part, Vocab quiz.

•Please take ½ sheet of paper out

MUSCLE MEMORY

BODY MOVEMENT PRACTICAL

1. In lab groups

2. Study with group

3. When teacher says to, partner up and “grade”

each other. You will actually be marking on

their practical.

1. They MUST SAY name of joint and movement.

2. Ex: you say “elbow flexion” they say “elbow

flexion”

C O M P O N E N T S O F B LO O D R E V I E W : D E S K R E V I E WC O P Y D I A G R A M O N D E S K , F I L I T I N ! N O N O T E S U N T I L T E A C H E R “ O K ”

Components of blood

B E

N L

M

BLOOD T YPING

KEY TERMS

•Antigens: foreign object, pathogen

•Antibodies: proteins secreted by lymphocytes

•Antibodies bond with antigens = lock and key

phenomenon

Antigen = lock antibody = key

BLOOD TYPES

BLOOD TYPE IS INHERITED

• Each person inherits 2 genes.

• Dominant genes

– Are A and B

– Shown as “I”

– EX:

• Recessive genes

– O

– Shown as “i”

– Ex:

PUNNETT SQUARE

4 BLOOD TYPES

• Blood type is determined by antigens on the surface

of RBC

• A

– Only A antigens

• B

– Only B antigens

• AB

– Both A and B antigens

• O

– Neither A or B antigens

•Your immune system has a tolerance

against it own antigens.

(you like your own antigens)

EX: Antigen A type A blood. It

will NOT form anti-A antibodies.

Blood Type Antigens on RBC’s Antibodies in

Plasma

A A Anti - B

B

COMPLETE THE TABLE SHOWING WHICH BLOOD CAN BE SAFELY TRANSFUSED FROM THE DONOR TO RECIPIENT.

R E C I P I E N T

D

O

N

O

R

Blood

Type

A B AB O

A x x

B

AB

O

TRANSFUSIONS

•Need to mix serum of the patient with the

blood cells of the donor.

• If Type A gets matched with Type B then

antibodies will clump together

• If this test is not done hemolysis (rupture of

blood cells) can occur

BLOOD

•Type O Blood

–Universal donor

• Because it lacks A and B antigens

•Type AB Blood

–Universal recipients because they lack anti-A and

anti-B antibodies.

• (they won’t attack new blood coming in)

RH FACTOR ANTIGEN

• Found in RBC

• Rh- : people who do not have antigens on

RBC

• Rh+ : people who do have the antigen on

RBC

• About 85% of Americans are Rh+

• If RH + blood is given to Rh- then the body

thinks it is an invading pathogen and starts

to form antibodies for the lock and key

REVIEW

A.The heart is ____________________ (Directional

Term) to the lungs.

B.The heart is divided into ________ and ______ sides

C.The word pulmonary is another term for

_______________

D.Name the 3 different blood vessels in the circulatory

system

E.Name 3 components of blood

HEALTH MATTERS OF THE

CIRCUL ATORY SYSTEM

ANEMIA –MOST COMMON BLOOD DISORDER

• Etiology:

– Inadequate amount of

hemoglobin, RBC or both

• S/S: shortness of breath,

pallor (pale), rapid heart

rate.

• TX: dietary supplements,

blood replacement.

HEMOPHILIA

•Etiology: rare sex linked genetic

blood disease in which the blood

is missing a clotting factor.

•S/S: prolonged or uncontrolled

bleeding

•TX: giving plasma that contains

the missing clotting factor, no

cure

ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME (AIDS)

• Etiology: dysfunction of the immune system caused by a virus. Virus will cause DNA to become infected damaging WBC.

• HIV is transmitted through exchange of body fluids.

• S/S: may not show for 6-10 years: fatigue, weakness, painful joints, diarrhea.

• TX: no cure, experimental medicines.

LEUKEMIA (BLOOD CANCER)

• Etiology: abnormal malignant increase in the number and longevity of WBC. WBC are immature and less effective in fighting disease

• S/S: bleeding gums, anemia

• TX: radiation, chemotherapy, bone marrow transplantation

ELEPHANTIASIS• massive accumulation of lymphatic

fluid in body tissues, causing

abnormally large growth of tissue.

• Etiology: caused by obstruction of

the lymph vessels by tiny worms

(filariae) that are common in tropic

and subtropic areas.

• S/S: fever, chills and ulcer formation

• TX: no cure, oral medications and

mosquito control measures.

SICKLE CELL ANEMIA

• Etiology: genetic condition that

results in malformed RBC

• The “sickled” cells are more fragile

and cause pain as vessels are

blocked and less oxygen is

delivered.

• S/S: sometimes no symptoms, may

cause death

• TX: no cure

ERYTHROBLASTISIS FETALIS

• Etiology: Antibodies from an Rh negative mother may enter

the blood stream of her unborn Rh positive infant,

damaging the red blood cells (RBCs). The infant responds

by increasing RBC production and sending out immature

RBCs that still have nuclei.

• S/S: baby may have brain damage

• TX: intrauterine blood transfusion

HODGKIN’S DISEASE

• Etiology: cancer of the lymph

system that usually appears in

people between the ages of 15-

30.

• S/S: painless enlargements of the

lymph nodes, itching, weight loss,

fever, difficulty swallowing.

• TX: chemotherapy or radiation

of the lymph nodes.

SPLENOMEGALY• Etiology: enlargement of

the spleen caused by an

acute infection such as

scarlet fever

• S/S: symptoms are similar

to leukemia and anemia.

• TX: may require removal

of spleen

THROMBOSIS

• Etiology: condition in which a blood clot

(thrombosis) forms in the vessels. Clot slows

the flow of blood to tissues

• Embolus: when the clot breaks away, it could

lodge in a blood vessels and cause tissue

death

• S/S: pain in the area of the clot because of

lack of oxygen

• TX: elevation, anticoagulants, may have

surgery to remove clot.

LYMPHATIC SYSTEM

LYMPHATIC SYSTEM

•Using your book starting on pg 234 fill in

the Lymphatic system section of guided

notes

•Please put your books away when finished

PRACTICE QUIZZES

DIRECTIONS: FILL IN THE CHART.

Blood Type Receive blood from: Donate blood to:

A (example A, O)

1.

2.

List 2 Components of blood, and what makes up each component

Directions: Match up the WBC with its function(s).

a. neutrophils

b. Basophils

c. eosinophils

d. lymphocytes

e. monocytes

1. destroy large unwanted particles in the

bloodstream

2. control inflammation and allergic

reactions

3. protect the body against formation of

cancer cells

4. remove small unwanted particles from

the blood

5. release heparin to stop clotting

6. produce histamine to cause blood vessel

dilation

7. kill parasites

8. essential to immune system

Directions: Match up the WBC with its function(s).

a. Neutrophils (4,)

b. Basophils (5, 6, 7)

c. Eosinophils (7, 2)

d. Lymphocytes (3,8)

e. Monocytes (1)

1. destroy large unwanted particles

in the bloodstream

2. control inflammation and allergic

reactions

3. protect the body against

formation of cancer cells

4. remove small unwanted

particles from the blood

5. release heparin to stop clotting

6. produce histamine to cause blood

vessel dilation

7. kill parasites

8. essential to immune system

COMPONENTS OF BLOOD REVIEW: DESK REVIEW Components

of blood

B E

N L

M

Cardiovascular Unit PPT

Heart Anatomy: Flashcards:

•You will need to:•Cut •Hole punch•Get 1 color

SuperiorVenaCava

InferiorVenaCava

RightAtrium

TricuspidValve

Right Ventricle

Pulmonary Valve

PulmonaryArtery

PulmonaryVein

LeftAtrium

BicuspidValve

LeftVentricle

AorticValve

Aorta Septum Endocardium

Myocardium Epicardium Pericardium

Review Heart Anatomy

•Quizlet.live

Video segment “The Matter of the Heart”: Watch the first time then take notes

Blood flow coloring:

• When finished fill out the questions to the right of coloring in packet. • Try without book, then book

• Use pgs 184-185

Blood flow: a little more realistically

Review Heart Anatomy: Using Heart Models

•You and a partner will head to a station with a heart model.

•PLEASE:•Label the heart model•EACH student writes 2 directional term sentences comparing 2 structures of the heart on your Unit packet. Checked by Mrs. White

Quick Quiz:

PATH OF BLOOD THROUGH THE HEART: YOU WILL NEED TO KNOW HOW THE BLOOD FRLOWS THROUGH THE HEART

Make a new Quizlet set: CardiovascularADLam MorningBLS Basic life supportbpm B/P, BPCCUCHDCHFCXRDOBDxECG/ EKGEtiol

meds medication

MI Myocardial infarction

NPO

OR

preop Before surgery

postop After surgery

RR

Keep quizlet open

Shiny desk: Medical abbreviations practice

1. Take a family history, date of birth, weight before examination.

______________________________________________________

2. Record all vital signs, blood pressure, temperature and pulse three times a day

______________________________________________________

3. Take chest xray, electrocardiogram before surgery

______________________________________________________

4. Move patient to recovery room with wheelchair and give them bathroom privileges.

______________________________________________________

Take FH, DOB, wt before exam

Record VS, BP T, P tid

Take CXR, ECG/EKG preop

Move pt RR c w/c BRP

Word parts: Review

Erythro-Leuk-Tachy-cyte

-ary, -ic, acHem/o, hemat/o

-itis-malacia-sclerosisHepat/oCoron/o

Arter/oAther/o

Cardi/o, card/oValv

Phleb/o-osis

-stenosis-ion

Circulat/o

Word parts: Review

Erythro-Leuk-Tachy-cyte

-ary, -ic, acHem/o, hemat/o

-itis-malacia-sclerosisCoron/o

Arter/oAther/o

Cardi/o, card/oValv

Phleb/o-osis

-stenosis-ion

Circulat/o

Word parts: New

Diastol/o-verse, -version

Hepat/oAtri/o-lysis

Systol/o

Get checked off by teacher: 26 – 45 terms Keep quizlet open

Cardiovascular: Vocabulary literal definition. We will add to your definition together.

arteriostenosiscoronary

Pulmonary circulation

Hepatic circulationSystemic

circulationsystolic

Circulatory:

Vocabulary continued

• Arteriostensosis:

• Narrowing of blood vessel

• Coronary:

• Pertaining to heart

• Pulmonary circulation:

• Heart to lung, carrying de-oxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs and returning oxygenated blood to the left atrium of the heart

• Hepatic circulation:

• Path of blood from the intestines, GB pancreas, stomach and spleen through the liver

• Systemic circulation: • General circulation to the systems.

Oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to tissues of the body returning de-oxygenated blood to the right atrium

• Systolic: • Contraction of the ventricles

• Diastolic:• Dilation of the heart, resting

phase, or filling of the ventricles

• Blood pressure: • The force of the blood against the walls

• Stethoscope: • Instrument used to listen to body sounds

such as the heart beat

• Contract: • To shorten, reduce in size

• Rate: • Expression of speed or frequency.

Number of contraction of the heart per minute

Circulatory:

Vocabulary continued

• Cardioversion: • Restoration of normal heart rhythm

by electric shock

• Vessel: • Tubule in the body that carries fluid

• Aneurysm: • Blood vessel that bulges because of a

weakness in the wall

• Atherosclerosis:• Narrowing / hardening of blood

vessels caused by deposits of fatty material containing calcium and cholesterol

• Infarction: • An area of tissue death caused by loss

of oxygen as a result of obstruction

termrrhage

Practice quiz: Word bank: copy the word exactly how you see it below into forms

Video segment: watch the first time, then take notes

Heart Circulation• Pulmonary: Flow of blood between the heart and lungs

• Systemic: Flow of blood between the heart and the cells of the body

• Coronary: Flow of blood within the heart

Blood Flow• Vessels

• Arteries carry blood away from the heart

• Largest = Aorta

• Heart muscle contractions pump blood through arteries

Veins carry blood towards the heart

Largest = Superior/Inferior Vena Cava

Valves prevent blood from returning to heart

skeletal muscle contractions move blood through veins

Blood Flow Cont’d• Valves

• control blood flow

• Valve between left atrium and ventricle = bicuspid

• Valve between right atrium and ventricle = tricuspid

• Pulmonary and aortic valves stop the back flow of blood into the heart

W.A. follow up: in lab group1. Correct answers

2. Looking at # 10 &11: The ventricles push blood out of the heart. If they are not working perfectly :a) What is that persons body not receiving

b) What would the long term affects be

c) How could you treat it

3. On the back of W.A. list and define the directional terms

4. On the heart diagram label the anatomical structures that are on the worksheet. There should be 7+ (actually label the heart diagram)

Structures• Heart

• Beats 72 times a minute

• 100,000 times a day

• 3 Trillion times in a lifetime!

• Circulates about 5-7 liters of blood

• Blood Vessels

• Arteries

• Veins

Functions• Transport nutrients and oxygen

• Transport waste to kidneys

• Distribute hormones and antibodies

• Help control body temperature and maintain homeostasis

Heart• 2 Sided double pump

• Is about the size of your fist

• Lies in the thoracic cavity between the lungs

Heart Tissue• Endocardium: smooth

membranous lining inside the heart

• Myocardium: thickest layer, muscle tissue that is contractile.

Heart Tissue Cont’d

• Epicardium: outermost layer in the pericardium

• Pericardium: covers the outside of the heart

Parts of the Heart• Divided into right and left sides

• 2 chambers in each side, for a total of 4 chambers

• Atrium: top, where blood enters

• Ventricles: bottom, where blood leaves

• Left and right sides separated by a partition called a septum

Review

Cardiac Conduction System• Electrical Impulses produce a wave

that can be recorded on the ECG

• Consists of• Sinoatrial (SA) node

• Atrioventriclular (AV) node

• Bundle of His (AV Bundle)

• Bundle Branches

• Purkinje Fibers (network)

SA NODE• Located in the upper right part of the atrium

• Is a natural pacemaker

• Fires at a rate of 60 to 100 times per minute

• The heartbeat starts in the SA node

AV NODE• Located in the floor of the right atrium

• Delays or slows the electrical impulse

• Fires at a rate of 40 to 60 time per minute

• Can take over if the SA node is not working

Bundle of His• Located next to the AV node

• Transfers the electrical impulse from the atria to the ventricles

Bundle Branches• Located along the left and right side of the interventricular septum

• Act as pathways or a fork in the road

• Impulses in the bundle branch perform the important work of making the heart muscle contract

Purkinje Network• Provide an electrical pathway for each of the cardiac cells

• Activate the left and right ventricles simultaneously causing the ventricles to contract

Pulse

• Using reading packet fill in the Pulse

worksheet

Muscle Memory

10. Trapezius

11. Levator scapulae

12& 13. Rhomboids

• Triceps Brachii

• Latissimus dorsi

Review: Guiding questions 1. What is the largest artery of the cardiovascular/circulatory system?

2. What are the blood vessel that carry blood from the upper and lower parts of the body

3. What separates the left and right side of the heart

4. What are the 4 chambers of the heart

5. What keeps blood from flowing back into a chamber of the heart

Review:

• Labeling practice: We are going to practice the labeling portion of the assessment with a partner.

• Quizlet.live

Health Concerns/Assessments/Risk Factors

•Using Teacher website•Click block #4•Click Cardiovascular Health Concerns link•Fill in guided notes using the website

Unit Practice quiz: forms

Muscle Memory

12 & 13. Rhomboids

14. Triceps

15. Latissimus dorsi 16. Supraspinatus

17. Infraspinatus

Heart Sounds• Lubb Sound

• Heard first

• Mitral and tricuspid valves closing between the atria and ventricles

• Dupp Sound• Heard second

• Shorter and higher pitched

• Closing of the aortic and pulmonary valves as blood is pumped out of the heart

• Murmurs• Abnormal or extra sounds

http://depts.washington.edu/physdx/heart/demo.html

Blood Pressure• Systolic = contraction of the ventricles

• Diastolic = ventricle relaxation

• Normal BP= 120/80 (systolic/diastolic)• Healthy systolic is less than 140 and greater than

90

• Healthy diastolic should be less than 100

• Read BP article/WS

http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMvcm0800157

Blood pressure readings

• Using the reading packet fill in the Blood Pressure worksheet

Apical pulse

Practice quizzes

Path of Blood: blood flow

1.

. All parts of the body

2.

Pulmonary veins

9.

Tricuspid valve

. Left ventricle

7. 6.

5.

4.

3.

8

Label the conduction system

Superior Vena Cava

Aortic Valve

Bicuspid/Mitral Valve

L Atrium

Pulmonary Veins

Pulmonary Artery

Aorta

Epicardium

Endocardium

MyocardiumL Ventricle

Inferior Vena CavaR Ventricle

Intraventricular Septum

Tricuspid Valve

R. Atrium

Pulmonary Valve

LUNGS

anatomy

1. There are _____ chambers of the heart

2. There are _____ tissue layers to the heart

3. The heart beats ____ times per minute

4. Average systolic BP _____

5. Average diastolic BP ____

6. Systolic BP range ____

7. Diastolic BP range _____

8. Average pulse _____

Block #4 Unit practice: copy the words exactly as you see.

When finished: 1) Review

answers2) Click on

Block 4 website: click and read Spinach bell ringer.

3) Keep laptops