choose your own adventure 3: the final countdown/return of the rainbows

Adam Jacob Chief Customer Officer

Twitter: @adamhjk, Email: adam@opscode.com

Friday, June 29, 12

• Chief Customer Officer @ Opscode

• Systems Administrator

• Lots of Mergers and Acquisitions

• Consultant

http://www.flickr.com/photos/anotherphotograph/2100904507/sizes/o/

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http://www.flickr.com/photos/timyates/2854357446/sizes/l/

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• Developers?

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• Developers?

• Systems Administrators?

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• Developers?

• DevOps?

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• Developers?

• DevOps?

• “Business” People?

Friday, June 29, 12

• Developers?

• DevOps?

• “Business” People?

• Executives?

Friday, June 29, 12

What do you want to talk about?

Friday, June 29, 12

Managing Operations No Asshole Rule

Sales and Marketing Systems Administrators are Polyglots

Dangers of Automation Making Money with Open Source

You Must Love Your Editor Convergence, Idempotence, Promise Theory

How Websites Fail DevOps

Fund Raising Random Advice

Make your choice...

Friday, June 29, 12

ManagingOperations

Friday, June 29, 12

Professional Road Blockers

Friday, June 29, 12

Reason:Responsibilities are all out of

whack.

Friday, June 29, 12

Operations is responsible for two

things

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System Availability

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Efficiency

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Operations should

• Set standards

• Troubleshoot

• Enable everyone

• Be the fire department

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Push responsibility to the edges

Developers must be on call

Systems Administrators should be escalated to

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Metrics tie to $$

Friday, June 29, 12

When you say no...

Friday, June 29, 12

When you say no...

You should be saying “I’ll say yes if you take responsibility”

Friday, June 29, 12

When you say no...

You should be saying “I’ll say yes if you take responsibility”

Managers, Executives - you have to live this

Friday, June 29, 12

Make your choice...

Friday, June 29, 12

No Asshole Rule

Friday, June 29, 12

http://www.flickr.com/photos/91018475@N00/14998279/sizes/l/

Friday, June 29, 12

You’re an asshole if:

http://www.flickr.com/photos/91018475@N00/14998279/sizes/l/

• After encountering you, people feel oppressed, humiliated, or otherwise worse about themselves

• You target people less powerful than you

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Chronic Assholes

http://www.flickr.com/photos/swanksalot/4802111386/sizes/l/

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Chronic Assholes

• You can’t stop

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Chronic Assholes

• It means you are incompetent at your job

Friday, June 29, 12

Chronic Assholes

• It means you are incompetent at your job

• Doesn’t matter how smart you are

Friday, June 29, 12

Bad is stronger than good

http://www.flickr.com/photos/furryscalyman/523123579/sizes/l/

http://liberalorder.typepad.com/the_liberal_order/files/bad_apples_rob.pdf

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• Positive interactions must outnumber negative ones 5:1

Friday, June 29, 12

• Bad interactions have stronger, more pervasive, and longer lasting effects

Friday, June 29, 12

• Bad interactions have stronger, more pervasive, and longer lasting effects

Over 1/2 of those who experienced incivility at work reported they lost time worrying about the

incident and its consequences

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Bad Apples Spoil the Barrel

http://www.flickr.com/photos/merixon/3823883988/sizes/l/

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Withholders of effort

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Affectively negative

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Interpersonal deviants

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• Intentionally dodge their responsibilities to the group and free ride off others

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• Shirking (economists)

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• Free Riding (sociologists)

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• Social Loafing (psychologists)

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• Social Loafing (psychologists)

• Being Lazy (everyone else)http://www.flickr.com/photos/merixon/3823883988/sizes/l/

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• Continually expresses a negative mood or attitude.

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• Pessimism

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• Pessimism

• Anxiety

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• Pessimism

• Anxiety

• Insecurity

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• Pessimism

• Anxiety

• Insecurity

• Irritationhttp://www.flickr.com/photos/merixon/3823883988/sizes/l/

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• People who violate interpersonal norms of respect

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• Making fun of someone

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• Inappropriate ethnic, religious or sexist remarks

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• Inappropriate ethnic, religious or sexist remarks

• Public embarrasment

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We celebrate smart bastards

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• BOFH

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• BOFH

• ASCII Dongs

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• BOFH

• ASCII Dongs

• X is a piece of crap because of Y

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• BOFH

• ASCII Dongs

• Z is an idiot because they built X in Y way

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• BOFH

• ASCII Dongs

• Z is an idiot because they built X in Y way

• Twitter #fail

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We undermine the entire industry

http://www.flickr.com/photos/rodimuspower/3994291430/sizes/z/

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• Industry wide this creates an enormous inefficiency

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• Hampers our competitiveness

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• Hampers our competitiveness

• Damages our open source communities

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• Lead with questions, not with statements

• Understand the effort and time others have invested

• Avoid the passive-aggressive snark

http://www.flickr.com/photos/aloha75/4753674243/sizes/l/in/photostream/

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http://www.flickr.com/photos/bebouchard/482510614/sizes/l/in/photostream/

Don’t be an assholeAssholes are incompetent - let’s shun them

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Make your choice...

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Sales and Marketing

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• Runs “Campaigns” to bring “Leads”

• Does “Lead Nurturing” to help convert to qualified “Prospects”

MarketingBringsLeads

http://www.flickr.com/photos/aroberts/1669997859/sizes/o/in/photostream/

Friday, June 29, 12

The Funnel (Pipeline)

• Leads get converted to Prospects through Qualification

• Some percentage of Prospects (usually 1/3 to 1/4) convert

Your Sales Guy Lives Here

Friday, June 29, 12

In one slide

http://www.flickr.com/photos/kupkup/499566518/

http://www.flickr.com/photos/chiaralily/3912278390/

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In one slide

Friday, June 29, 12

In one slide

$http://www.flickr.com/photos/kupkup/499566518/

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In one slide

Friday, June 29, 12

In one slide

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In one slide

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In one slide

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In one slide

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In one slide

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Make your choice...

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Sysadmins are Polyglots

http://www.flickr.com/photos/psd/4122468063/sizes/o/in/photostream/

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Not so fast, punk!

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Everyone here is a software developer

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• Strings, Arrays, Hashes

• Whipitupitude

• Manipulexity

• Regular Expressions

• Objects

• Code Re-Use

http://www.flickr.com/photos/reidrac/2952137714/sizes/l/in/photostream/

Friday, June 29, 12

• REPLs are awesome

• I dislike contraints

• Mostly everything-is-an-object is goodFriday, June 29, 12

• First class functions / Closures are awesome

• Everything is an object

• Metaprogramming

• Monkey-patching leads to trouble

http://www.flickr.com/photos/pswansen/41832591/sizes/o/in/photostream/

Friday, June 29, 12

• Tracking state doesn’t require objects

• List comprehensions are amazing

• Multi-methods

• Built-in process supervision

• It’s *fun* to think functionally

• Actor concurrency makes you feel like a magic yogi

• Syntax doesn’t matter if it fits the needFriday, June 29, 12

( )Clojure

• Less syntax is better

• Data is Code

• Single process concurrency

• Shell scripting to lisp is easy

• Systems Administrators should learn Lisp first

Friday, June 29, 12

• You can speak cogently with more of your peers

• You can debug the applications you run

• Learning gets easier

• You start caring exclusively about fit

http://www.flickr.com/photos/freelancersunion/3501435073/sizes/l/in/photostream/

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Make your choice...

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Dangers of automation

http://www.flickr.com/photos/jonathangill/5338645910/

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Almost always caused by focusing in the

wrong place

http://www.flickr.com/photos/liberato/133570414/sizes/l/in/photostream/

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5 common dangers

• Moving faster than the business can handle

• Failing to build in operability

• Tautologies

• Failure to articulate the business need

• Loving the Unicorn

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Moving faster than the

business can handle

Friday, June 29, 12

Technology moves faster than business

cultureFriday, June 29, 12

Automation is no

shortcut to cultural change

http://www.flickr.com/photos/fotogezi/4642668435/sizes/z/in/photostream/

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Failing to build in operability

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I’m Sleepy!

Friday, June 29, 12

I’m Sleepy!

Friday, June 29, 12

I’m Sleepy!

You do it!A

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I’m Sleepy!

You do it!

Do what?

Friday, June 29, 12

I’m Sleepy!

You do it!

Do what?

Friday, June 29, 12

I’m Sleepy!

You do it!

Do what?

Um,Ok.

Friday, June 29, 12

I’m Sleepy!

You do it!

Do what?

Um,Ok.

Friday, June 29, 12

I’m Sleepy!

You do it!

Do what?

Um,Ok.

AAHow do I use this thing?

Friday, June 29, 12

I’m Sleepy!

You do it!

Do what?

Um,Ok.

AAHow do I use this thing?

Friday, June 29, 12

I’m Sleepy!

You do it!

Do what?

Um,Ok.

AWTF?!

AHow do I use this thing?

Friday, June 29, 12

I’m Sleepy!

You do it!

Do what?

Um,Ok.

AWTF?!

AHow do I use this thing?

Friday, June 29, 12

I’m Sleepy!

You do it!

Do what?

Um,Ok.

Fine, I’ll fix it

WTF?!A

How do I use this thing?

Friday, June 29, 12

I’m Sleepy!

You do it!

Do what?

Um,Ok.

Fine, I’ll fix it

WTF?!A

How do I use this thing?

Friday, June 29, 12

http://www.flickr.com/photos/quinnanya/5893333070/sizes/l/in/photostream/

Tautologies are bad!

Usually.

Friday, June 29, 12

Failure to articulate the business need

What is the $ value of your automation?

http://www.flickr.com/photos/dreamagicjp/2226097076/sizes/l/in/photostream/

Friday, June 29, 12

Loving the Unicorn

Friday, June 29, 12

Make your choice...

Friday, June 29, 12

Making money with Open Source

http://www.flickr.com/photos/55919472@N00/1478647249/sizes/l/in/photostream/

Friday, June 29, 12

The value of Open Source to a Business

• Accelerate development

• Empower Users

• Encourage Proliferation

http://www.flickr.com/photos/dburka/2967863568/sizes/l/in/photostream/

Friday, June 29, 12

Accelerated product development

• Core Features

• Bug Fixes

• Evangelism

• To gain maximum value, you must open source early

http://www.flickr.com/photos/pulpolux/215165567/sizes/l/in/photostream/

Friday, June 29, 12

Empowered Users

• Willing to sweat to make it work

• Means you can ship earlier

• Become stronger advocates, because they feel a sense of ownership

http://www.flickr.com/photos/thomashawk/5327432805/sizes/l/in/photostream/

Friday, June 29, 12

Encourage Proliferation

• Strong Communities

• Your brand and IP become tied to the individuals who join

• You must be peers, or they smell a rat

http://www.flickr.com/photos/emilyrides/5858397465/sizes/o/in/photostream/

Friday, June 29, 12

Classes of individuals

1. Builders

• Participate because it is early

• Unfinished is sexy

• Add new features, fix bugs

• Eventually move on to new projects, become Evangelists

• Rarely pay you money, they pay sweat

Friday, June 29, 12

2. Early Adopters

• Primarily users

• Must be complete enough to solve one of their use cases (but not all!)

• Will fix bugs and improve things

• May be willing to pay you eventually

Friday, June 29, 12

Classes of individuals3. Evangelists

• Passionate advocates

• Product must be complete enough to solve a complicated vertical

• May fix things, more likely to just point them out

• Willing to advocate consumers paying for your product

• Have many motivations Friday, June 29, 12

4. Consumers

• Users of the software

• Bugs are bugs, not new opportunities

• Expect thought out solutions

• Need support and training

• Couldn’t really use it without paying you,

Friday, June 29, 12

• Support

Friday, June 29, 12

• Support• Open Core

Friday, June 29, 12

• Support• Open Core• Open Platform

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Support

http://www.flickr.com/photos/thurm/2316152263/sizes/l/in/photostream/

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Support

• Can be high value if the coverage is broad

• Requires discipline to scale

• Has a very straightforward social contract

Friday, June 29, 12

Open Core

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Open Core

• Has a very complex social contract

• People tend to smell rats

• Not much difference from saying there is a “free” as in beer version

Friday, June 29, 12

Open Platforms

Friday, June 29, 12

Open Platforms

• Complex social contract

• Must allow multiple businesses to flourish on the platform

• Peerage must be deep

• Might accidentally create a colonial economy

http://www.flickr.com/photos/johntolson/4608455941/sizes/z/in/photostream/

Friday, June 29, 12

Make your choice...

Friday, June 29, 12

Systems Administrators make spot edits

Friday, June 29, 12

We don’t love our editors - we use them

(barely)

Friday, June 29, 12

Professional programmers tend to

love their editors

<3Friday, June 29, 12

Infrastructure as Code

Friday, June 29, 12

Do you want to love your editor?

Friday, June 29, 12

Learn to type• 50 WPM minimum

Top Speed: 98 mph Top Speed: 211 mph

At least as good as a Yugo

Friday, June 29, 12

Line NumbersINFO: *** Chef 0.10.10 ***INFO: Run List is [recipe[apache], recipe[motd]]INFO: Run List expands to [apache, motd]INFO: Starting Chef Run for adam-training.novalocalINFO: Running start handlersINFO: Start handlers complete.INFO: Loading cookbooks [apache, motd]INFO: Storing updated cookbooks/motd/recipes/default.rb in the cache.INFO: Storing updated cookbooks/motd/metadata.rb in the cache.INFO: Storing updated cookbooks/motd/README.md in the cache.INFO: Processing package[apache2] action install (apache::default line 10)INFO: Processing service[apache2] action start (apache::default line 14)INFO: Processing service[apache2] action enable (apache::default line 14)INFO: Processing cookbook_file[/var/www/index.html] action create (apache::default line 18)INFO: Processing template[/etc/motd.tail] action create (motd::default line 10)ERROR: template[/etc/motd.tail] (motd::default line 10) has had an errorERROR: template[/etc/motd.tail] (/var/chef/cache/cookbooks/motd/recipes/default.rb:10:in `from_file') had an error:

Chef::Mixin::Template::TemplateError (undefined method `[]' for nil:NilClass) on line #2:

1: This server is property of <%= node['company'] %> 2: <% if node['pci']['in_scope'] -%> 3: This server is in-scope for PCI compliance 4: <% end -%>

(erubis):2:in `block in evaluate'

Friday, June 29, 12

Line Numbers

Friday, June 29, 12

Line Numbers

Friday, June 29, 12

Stop Quitting“Every time you remove your hands from the

keyboard, it is a cache miss.” - Steve Yegge via Christopher Brown

Friday, June 29, 12

Use a professional font

Inconsolata (http://levien.com/type/myfonts/inconsolata.html)12pts or greater

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0O0O0O

Friday, June 29, 12

Syntax Highlighting

Friday, June 29, 12

Syntax Highlighting

Friday, June 29, 12

Learn to Open a Directory

Friday, June 29, 12

Open a file

Friday, June 29, 12

Open a buffer

Friday, June 29, 12

Use Tabs

Friday, June 29, 12

Split the Window

Friday, June 29, 12

Bounce between brackets

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Execute an arbitrary command

Friday, June 29, 12

Integrate with source controlFriday, June 29, 12

Friday, June 29, 12

Make your choice...

Friday, June 29, 12

Convergence, Idempotence, and Promise Theory

http://www.flickr.com/photos/doubleray/2865532960/sizes/o/in/photostream/

Friday, June 29, 12

Mark Burgess

• Convergence

• Idempotency

• Promise Theory

Friday, June 29, 12

Let’s install Trac

Friday, June 29, 12

Theory 1: You cannot manage what

you do not understand

Friday, June 29, 12

Practice 1: Write it down

Friday, June 29, 12

So I followed the instructions...

• I had to install python, build tools, pip and virtualenv, along with PostgreSQL

• And a whole mess of other Python deps

• Also, Subversion

• And I went ahead and opted out of configuring Apache and mod_wsgi

Friday, June 29, 12

Tell me, Adam, how did it go?

• Um, it took me 45 minutes.

• Typos, figuring out to not use the OS packages for the python bits

• You could do it more or less fast

• But it isn’t an outlier - it’s representative of lots of software in the world.

Friday, June 29, 12

Well, cool, I could do it by hand.• But I want to be

able to do it again

http://www.flickr.com/photos/scenesfromamemory/7036828007/sizes/o/in/photostream/

Friday, June 29, 12

So I wrote a script

Whats goodTotally works

High degree of whipupitudeExactly what I typed on the CLI, basically

Friday, June 29, 12

So I wrote a script

Whats badI’m not checking error codes

Can I get a ‘bash -e’ up in this bad boy?

Friday, June 29, 12

Requires working upstream network

Whats badWhat happens if the upstream is down?No big deal with apt, minor deal with pipThe PG stuff will fail, obviously, unless we

have Pg installed

Friday, June 29, 12

Trac initenv fails if the environment is

Whats badYeah, so, it’s the last thing, but it will fail if

it’s already happened

Friday, June 29, 12

How do we fix it, Adam?

Friday, June 29, 12

Idempotency

Friday, June 29, 12

Idempotency

Idempotence ( /ˌaɪdɨmˈpoʊtəns/ eye-dəm-poh-təns) is the property of certain operations in mathematics and computer science, that they can be applied multiple times without changing the result beyond the initial application.

Friday, June 29, 12

Idempotency

Idempotence ( /ˌaɪdɨmˈpoʊtəns/ eye-dəm-poh-təns) is the property of certain operations in mathematics and computer science, that they can be applied multiple times without changing the result beyond the initial application.

Theory 2:Each step in your

process should ensure that the part of the

system it configures is in the right state - and

do nothing if we’re already there.

Friday, June 29, 12

In Bash...

Friday, June 29, 12

In Chef

Friday, June 29, 12

ConvergenceIn mathematics, computer science and logic, convergence refers to the idea that a series of transformations come to a conclusion in a finite amount of time (the transformations are terminating), and that the conclusion reached is independent of the path taken to get to it (they are confluent).

Friday, June 29, 12

ConvergenceIn mathematics, computer science and logic, convergence refers to the idea that a series of transformations come to a conclusion in a finite amount of time (the transformations are terminating), and that the conclusion reached is independent of the path taken to get to it (they are confluent).

Theory 3:If you have idempotent steps, you can just run

the script over and over until it works

Friday, June 29, 12

Lets say

• We grow our Trac install - it’s the most busy Trac install in history.

• We’ve got load balancers, databases, and web servers

• We need one more theory...

Friday, June 29, 12

Promise TheoryPromise theory is a model of voluntary cooperation between individual, autonomous actors or agents who publish their intentions to one another in the form of promises. A promise is a declaration of intent whose purpose is to increase the recipient's certainty about a claim of past, present or future behaviour (see [1]). For a promise to increase certainty, the recipient needs to trust the promiser, but trust can also be built on the verification that previous promises have been kept, thus trust plays a symbiotic relationship with promises.

Friday, June 29, 12

Promise TheoryPromise theory is a model of voluntary cooperation between individual, autonomous actors or agents who publish their intentions to one another in the form of promises. A promise is a declaration of intent whose purpose is to increase the recipient's certainty about a claim of past, present or future behaviour (see [1]). For a promise to increase certainty, the recipient needs to trust the promiser, but trust can also be built on the verification that previous promises have been kept, thus trust plays a symbiotic relationship with promises.

Theory 4:Only the actor that

makes a promise can keep a promise, and

even then, they might lie

Friday, June 29, 12

An analogy

• Lets say I promise to NOT to give Theo a hug

• Because Theo hates hugs

• But I love hugs

• And Theo knows this

• So he tells Jason

• “Make sure Adam doesn’t hug me”

• But I am fast

Friday, June 29, 12

An analogy

• And Jason is Slow

• And Theo and Jason aren’t always together

• So I’m totally going to hug him

Friday, June 29, 12

An analogy

• Only the actor who makes the promise can keep the promise

• Only through observing my behavior first hand can you be sure that I’ll keep my promises

Friday, June 29, 12

It’s why...

• In almost all large environments

• They have moved away from complex orchestration

• Because the problem with orchestration is the orchestrator

Friday, June 29, 12

Make your choice...

Friday, June 29, 12

How Websites Fail

http://www.flickr.com/photos/wingler/3429634150/sizes/l/

Friday, June 29, 12

CAP Theorem

• Consistency

• Availability

• Partition Tolerance

PickTwo

Friday, June 29, 12

Most SQL Databases

• Choose Consistency over all

• Availability comes distant second

Friday, June 29, 12

Web Applications need...

• Availability

• Partition Tolerance

Friday, June 29, 12

“Global temporal consistency is a fiction”

Christopher Brown

Friday, June 29, 12

Choosing Consistency for your Web App...

Means failure is global

Friday, June 29, 12

When you choose Partition Tolerance and

Availability...

You fail or succeed for a subset of users

Friday, June 29, 12

Apologies

• Apologize after the fact for failures

• Better than nothing at all

Friday, June 29, 12

• Many different tools

• They tweak CAP differently

• CouchDB

• Cassandra

• Redis

• Dynomite

• MongoDB

Friday, June 29, 12

Change in Mindset

Yields simplicity in returnFriday, June 29, 12

Make your choice...

Friday, June 29, 12

Cultural and Professional Movement

141Friday, June 29, 12

It is (still) not a Job Description

http://www.flickr.com/photos/helenduffett/4061604644/sizes/o/

Friday, June 29, 12

Traditional Systems Operations

Friday, June 29, 12

Traditional Systems Operations

WebOps

Friday, June 29, 12

Some VP

Dir. Dir. Dir. Dir.

Friday, June 29, 12

Software Developers

Network Engineers

Systems Administrators

Security Engineers

Friends

Mentors

Dir. Dir.

Friday, June 29, 12

The movement is inclusiveAwesomeHappyCool

Built neat stuff!

Friday, June 29, 12

There are exclusive peopleGrumpy

Tool-centricUs vs Them

I’m a DevOp, you’re a Sysadmin!

Friday, June 29, 12

Join the inclusive peopleWe’re neater.

Friday, June 29, 12

Make your choice...

Friday, June 29, 12

Fund Raising

http://www.flickr.com/photos/aresauburnphotos/2678453389/sizes/l/

Friday, June 29, 12

Is fun

Friday, June 29, 12

Step 0: The Team

• Get your house in order

Friday, June 29, 12

Step 1 - The Plan

• I’m thankful every day we wrote one

• 20-30 pages is plenty

• 150 pages total of documentation generated by deal closing time (Q & A, mostly)

Friday, June 29, 12

Not really for fund raising...

“A business plan, wow, I haven’t seen one of those in a long time.”

“That’s nice. Give me a slide deck of that.” - Bill Bryant

Friday, June 29, 12

Estimates

• Just have a reasonable explanation

• You must believe

• If you can’t believe in it, fix it or give up

Friday, June 29, 12

Step 2:Lawyer

• Highly connected

• Defer fees

• Two firm per venture deal == they know what gets funded

http://www.flickr.com/photos/benny_lin/245110460/sizes/l/

Friday, June 29, 12

Step 3: Pitching

• Don’t take it personally

• Analysts are like people you knew in high school debate

• Pitch what you believe in - not what you are told you can get funded

• Research the VC

http://www.flickr.com/photos/36749444@N06/3722896165/sizes/o/

Friday, June 29, 12

It takes longer than you think

Friday, June 29, 12

Make your choice...

Friday, June 29, 12

Make your choice...

Friday, June 29, 12

choose your own adventure 3: the final countdown/return of the rainbows

Technology

digital booklet - gutter rainbows

chasing rainbows

in rainbows songbook

rainbows end ppt_by_kalki

fire rainbows

in rainbows booklet

all about rainbows

sm - rainbows united

regenboog - rainbows - (td)

rainbows szivárvány

rainbows and halos

rainbows end

rainbows leveled book m · 2020. 5. 3. · to capture a...

stop chasing rainbows

rainbows keep running

radiohead - in rainbows

rainbows secret club

calculus of rainbows

rainbows 10

the calculus of rainbows