charmed-hadron physics and physics of hadron-hall
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Charmed-hadron Physics and Physics of Hadron-hall extension at J-PARC
Hiroyuki NoumiRCNP, Osaka Univ./IPNS, KEK
KEK Theory Center WS on Hadron and Nuclear Physics at J-PARC@KEK, Jan 7-10, 2017
Contents
• Overview of Hadron Hall and its Extension
– Particle Physics Program
• Beyond SM, Matter-Antimatter asymmetry
– Nuclear Physics Program
• High density Hadronic Matter, Nuclear Force
• Hadron Physics Program
– Hadron Spectroscopy, Hadron Property in Matter
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Presentation is based on discussion inInt. WS on Phys. at the Extended Had. Exp. Facil. of J-PARC:
https://kds.kek.jp/indico/event/20472/
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Dense Nucl. Matter
Hadron Nuclear Physics at J-PARC
Quark
Nucleus
Hadron
Atom→Molecule→Material,Human,Star,Universe
Mystery of Neutron Star
QCD
BB Int. (2BF, 3BF) Hyperon Matter
How QCD works in Hadron?
How are nuclei formed?
• Effective DoF (building blocks) to describe hadrons• Change of Hadron Properties in Matter
• Extended Nuclear Force:Baryon-Baryon Int.• Stability of Heavy Neutron Stars
Matter Evolution from Quark to Hadron, Nucleus, and Neutron Star
Effective DoF
Hypernuclei
Q
4
experiments in Hadron Hall
Beam Dump
K1.8
K1.8BR
30 GeV primary beam
Productiontarget (T1)
KL
phi meson mass
in nuclei
K-pp bound states
K- atomic X rays
Λ(1405) hyperon
COMET: m-e conversion search
X hypernuclei
LL hypernuclei
X-atomic X-rays
L hypernuclear g rays
Neutron-rich L hypern.
Pentaquark Q+ search
K-pp bound state
…
K0L rare decays
K-
pp X p
n
56 m
Overview: Extension of the Hadron Experimental Facility
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• < 1.2 GeV/c• ~106 K-/spill
• 5 deg extraction• ~5.2 GeV/c K0
• Good n/K
• < 2.0 GeV/c• 1.8x108 pion/spill• x10 better Dp/p
105 m
• <10 GeV/c separated pion, kaon, pbar
• ~107/spill K-, pbars
• < 2.0 GeV/c• ~106 K-/spill
• < 1.1 GeV/c• ~105 K-/spill
• 30 GeV proton• <20 GeV/c unseparated 2ndary
beams (mostly pions), ~107/spill
A write paper for Hadron-hall Extension is coming soon.
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Particle Physics (KOTO 2)
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• 5 deg extraction• ~5.2 GeV/c K0
• Good n/K
𝐾𝐿 → 𝜋0𝜈 ҧ𝜈 , sensing physics beyond the SM
• 16 deg extraction• ~2.1 GeV/c K0
• Good n/K
SM predictionBr: 3x10-11
10% of the SM predictionBr: 3x10-12
“ loop ”
Nuclear Physics Program
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• < 1.2 GeV/c• ~106 K-/spill
• < 2.0 GeV/c• 1.8x108 pion/spill• x10 better Dp/p
105 m
• < 2.0 GeV/c• ~106 K-/spill
• < 1.1 GeV/c• ~105 K-/spill
Properties of high density hadronic matterwith strangeness
• 2 body BB interaction• 3 body BB interaction
Issue in Nuclear Physics
• To understand hadronic matter, in particular, at high density…
Though the nuclear density is hardly controlled with keeping low temperature in experiment…
• Heavy neutron stars may provide a touchstone.
• Need to refine knowledge on nuclear forces:– More reliable BB interaction
– Effects of multi-body forces
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𝐸
𝐴𝜌 = 2𝐵𝐹 𝜌 + 3𝐵𝐹 𝜌 + 4𝐵𝐹 𝜌 +⋯
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High Density Hadronic Matter
Hypernuclear Physics tells:The NS core is likely to
contains hyperons.
Mass – Radius relation of NSCalculated by Known BB interaction
Neutron Star
makes the EoS soften.Max. MNS~1.5 Msolar
n
p
L
X
d u
s
s
sHyperons
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Neutron star puzzle!
Hypernuclear Physics tells:The NS core is likely to
contains hyperons.
PSR J1614-2230Nature 467, 1081(2010)
Observation:Max. MNS ~ 2Msolar
PSR J0348+0432Science 380, 1233232(2013)
makes the EoS soften.Max. MNS~1.5 Msolar
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Neutron star puzzle!
Hypernuclear Physics tells:The NS core is likely to
contains hyperons.
PSR J1614-2230Nature 467, 1081(2010)
Observation:Max. MNS ~ 2Msolar
PSR J0348+0432Science 380, 1233232(2013)
Universally-working, repulsive forces (URF)among 3/4 baryons ?
+ Multi-bodyRepulsiveForces
makes the EoS soften.Max. MNS~1.5 Msolar
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High Density Hadronic Matterthrough high precision (π,K+) spectroscopy
• ΛNN 3-body force; attractive in long range, repulsive in short range ?
sL
pL
dL
fL
BL
[Me
V]
30
20
10
0w/ 3B Repulsion
w/o 3B Repulsion
50 100 150 200
Mass Number
0.1 M
eV
w/o 3B Repulsion
PresentResolution
Differences to “w/o 3B repulsion”
50 100 150 200
Mass Number
2
-2
-1
0
1
DB
(sL
) ex
p-t
he
ory
[Me
V] sL
Binding Energy (B(sΛ)) difference with/without 3 body repulsion ~±0.5 MeV
Mass dependence (=density dependence) of B(sΛ) reveals strength of the 3-body repulsion force. ∆E~0.1 MeV measurement is required to verify 3-body repulsion and to solve the Hyperon Puzzle.
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High Density Hadronic Matterthrough high precision (π,K+) spectroscopy
• ∆E~0.1 MeV measurement with (π,K+) at High-Intensity High-Resolution BL
KEK-PS E369 with SKS Expected at HIHR beam line
Neutron Star Radius (km)
NS
Mas
s (S
ola
r M
ass
Un
it)
2𝑀⨀
w/ YNN 3BRF
HIHR
Issue in Nuclear Physics
• To understand hadronic matter, in particular, at high density…
Though the nuclear density is hardly controlled with keeping low temperature in experiment…
• Heavy neutron stars may provide a touchstone.
• Need to refine knowledge on nuclear forces:– More reliable BB interaction
– Effects of multi-body forces
15
𝐸
𝐴𝜌 = 2𝐵𝐹 𝜌 + 3𝐵𝐹 𝜌 + 4𝐵𝐹 𝜌 +⋯
YN Data is still very poor.
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npnp pppp LpLp Lp0p
p+p pp p0n pLn
• Insufficient ds/dW : Short range part (high-p)
• Lack of P*ds/dW : Lp, +p Spin-Orbit Int.
• Yd : 3B int.
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K. Miwa et al.(Tohoku U.)
at K1.1
Many Important Subjects are lined up• Hypernuclear Weak Decay (Botta et al., Feliciello et al.)
– Short lifetime problem : t(3LH, 4LH)<t(L)
• Hypernuclear Magnetic Moment (H. Tamura et al.)– Change of Hyperon Property in Matter
• hypernuclei– Coulomb Assisted Hybrid Bound State
• XN, WN, AXZ, AWZ : K1.8/K10 (H. Takahashi et al.)• h-, h’-meson in nucleus
– A(p,p)h(h’)D (K. Itahashi, H. Fujioka et al.)– restoration of ChSB
• Exotic atom/nuclei– Kaonic X-ray w/ Ultra-high Res. (S. Okada et al.)
• K-A int., Fundamental Physics
– 4He(p,p)4n (H. Fujioka et al.)
• T-violation in Transverse 𝜇+ polarization in 𝐾+ → 𝜋0𝜇+𝜈 (TREK E06)• Recent Reference:
– Int. WS on Phys. at the Extended Had. Exp. Facil. of J-PARC: https://kds.kek.jp/indico/event/20472/ 18
Hadron Physics Programs
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• <10 GeV/c separated pion, kaon, pbar
• ~107/spill K-, pbars
• 30 GeV proton• <20 GeV/c unseparated 2ndary
beams (mostly pions), ~107/spill
• Structure of Hadrons w/ charm/multi-strange quarks• Hadron Properties in Nuclear Medium
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Hadron Physics at J-PARC
𝛼𝑠 = ∞at LQCD
High E Low E
How are they excited?
How do they change properties in medium?
Quasi-Particles (= Effective DoF) emerging at Low E describe hadron properties effectively.
Baryon Spectroscopy w/ Heavy Quark
• Disentangle Quark Correlations in Baryon– λ and ρ motions split (Isotope Shift)
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λ mode
ρ mode
G.S.
P-wave
Q
l
[qq]
Q
r(qq)
mQ = mq mQ > mq
q
q
qറ𝑠𝐻𝑄 ± റ𝑗𝐵𝑀
......
Spin-dep. Int.
ℏ𝜔𝜌
ℏ𝜔𝜆=
3𝑚𝑄
2𝑚𝑞 +𝑚𝑄→ 3 (𝑚𝑄 → ∞)
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Lambda Baryons (P-wave)
c(1/2+)
c*(3/2+)
Lc(2595, 1/2)Lc(2625, 3/2)
Lc or c (2765, ??)
Lc(2880, 5/2)
Lc(2940, ??)
Lc(GS)
L(1520, 3/2)
(1/2+)
L(1/2+)
*(3/2+) L(1405, 1/2)
L(1830, 5/2)
L(1690, ??)L(1670, 1/2)
L(GS)
b(1/2+) b
*(3/2+)
Lb(5920, 3/2)Lb(5912, 1/2)
Lb(GS)
strange charm bottom
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0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5
Y* -
YG.S
.[M
eV]
MQ [GeV/c2]
Lambda Baryons (P-wave)
s c
non-rel. QM:H=H0 +Vconf +VSS+VLS+VT
rl mixing (cal. By T. Yoshida)
c(1/2+)
c*(3/2+)
Lc(2595, 1/2)Lc(2625, 3/2)
Lc or c (2765, ??)
Lc(2880, 5/2)
Lc(2940, ??)
Lc(GS)
L(1520, 3/2)
(1/2+)
L(1/2+)
*(3/2+) L(1405, 1/2)
L(1830, 5/2)
L(1690, ??)L(1670, 1/2)
L(GS)
l
r
b
r
b(1/2+) b
*(3/2+)
Lb(5920, 3/2)Lb(5912, 1/2)
Lb(GS)
Q
l
r
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High-res., High-momentum Beam Line
30 GeV
proton beam
Production
Target
Pion BeamUp to 20 GeV/c
Spectrometer
T1
• High-intensity secondary Pion beam (unseparated)– 1.0 x 107 pions/sec @ 20GeV/c
• High-resolution beam: Dp/p~0.1%• High-res. Spectrometer: Dp/p~0.2% at ~5 GeV/c
K+
p
ps
decayp(p)
RICH
ITOF
FiberTracker
DCDC
DCTOF
H2 TGT
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Charmed Baryon SpectroscopyUsing Missing Mass Techniques
Production and Decay reflect [qq] correlation in Excited Yc* C.S. DOES NOT go down at higher L when qeff >1 GeV/c.
p
p
D*-
Yc*+
L
D*, Dqeff
D0
pp
K+
𝐷0 (𝑌𝑐∗′)
p (p)
S.H. Kim, A. Hosaka, H.C. Kim, and HN, PTEP, (2014) 103D01, S.H. Kim, A. Hosaka, H.C. Kim, and HN, Phys.Rev. D92 (2015) 094021
)2(exp)(~ 22 A/-q/AqI eff
L
effL
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L = 1 L = 2L = 0
1/2+
LcLc(2595)
c(2800)
c
c*
Lc(2625)
Lc(2880)
Lc(2940)
s ~1 nb
Missing Mass Spectrum (Sim.)• ~1000 Yc
*/nb/100 days• Sensitivity: s ~0.1 nb for
Yc* w/ G =100 MeV
1/2- 3/2- 5/2+? 3/2+?
LS partner
(HQS doublet)
LS partner?
(HQS doublet?)
1 : 2
3 : 2
l mode ll mode?
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5
Y* -
YG.S
.[M
eV]
MQ [GeV/c2]
Lambda Baryons (P-wave)
27
s c
non-rel. QM:H=H0 +Vconf +VSS+VLS+VT
rl mixing (cal. By T. Yoshida)
c(1/2+)
c*(3/2+)
Lc(2595, 1/2)Lc(2625, 3/2)
Lc or c (2765, ??)
Lc(2880, 5/2)
Lc(2940, ??)
Lc(GS)
L(1520, 3/2)
(1/2+)
L(1/2+)
*(3/2+) L(1405, 1/2)
L(1830, 5/2)
L(1690, ??)L(1670, 1/2)
L(GS)
l
r
b
r
b(1/2+) b
*(3/2+)
Lb(5920, 3/2)Lb(5912, 1/2)
Lb(GS)
Q
l
r
Lc(2880)
Lc(2940)
c*(2520)
c(2455)
Lc(2880)Belle, PRL98, 262001(’07)
Lc(2880)->pc(2455)
Lc(2765)?
J=5/2 → J’=1/2
Lp=3transition
JP=5/2+ for Lc(2880)
Lp=1 contribution may affect…
G(Lc(2880)->pc(2455))
G(Lc(2880)->pc*(2520))
Is it a D-wave Lambda-c Baryon?If so, where is a spin partner ?
=0.23
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Does L(2880) have L=2?• P-wave transition seems to be suppressed in
Λ𝑐 28805
2+ → Σ𝑐
∗ 25203
2+ + 𝜋(0−).
• It would be forbidden only in the case of 𝐽𝐵𝑀𝑃 = 3+:
– Negative party states “5/2-” have large widths.
(H. Nagahiro et al., arXiv 1609.01085, PRD accepted)
• Λ𝑐 28805
2+ is likely to be lr mode (l=1, r=1).
• This can be tested by measuring its production rate.
Lc(2880) 5/2+ ll lr rr
color Asymm.
Isospin Asymm. (I=0)
Diquark spinDiquark orbit
Asymm. 0Symm. 0
Symm. 1Asymm. 1
Asymm. 0Symm, 2
Lambda orbit 2 1 0
JBMP 2+ 1+, 2+, 3+ 2+
c*(2520) 3/2+
Asymm
Symm. (I=1)
Symm. 1Symm, 0
0
1+
Q
l
r
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N
DYc*’
p
l moder mode
Yc* Decay Pattern
Yc* Yc
*
G(DN) >G (Yp)G (Yp) >G(DN)
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Disentangle Quark Correlations in Baryon w/ HQ
r mode
Level crossing between QQq and Qqq
Different decay branches for different correlations
r/l mode separation in excited states reveals quark correlations.
Decay branches reflect the quark correlations.
𝑄ത𝑞
𝑄𝑞𝑞
qQQ
l mode
𝑞ത𝑞
𝑄𝑄𝑞
QQQ
𝑚𝑄 = 𝑚𝑄 > 𝑚𝑞 𝑚𝑄 > 𝑚𝑞 = 𝑚𝑞3𝑚𝑄
𝛺𝑠𝑠𝑠∗
𝛯∗ → 𝛯𝜋
𝛯∗ → 𝛬𝐾, 𝛴𝐾
𝛯𝑠𝑠∗
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Facility: K10X*, W*, D productions
3-stage electro-static separators:
9 m each, 75kV/cm
Length : 82.8 m
K-
4GeV/cpbar4GeV/c
pbar6GeV/c
Acceptance (msr-%) 0.33 1.2 0.55
Beam Intensity (/spill) 1.7x106 1.6x107 7.8x106
Purity 1.1:1 81:1 1:3.4
25 kW loss@T2 target
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Spontaneous Chiral Symmetry Breaking
• Qualitative impression how ത𝑞𝑞 behaves with r and T.
W. Weise, NPA553, 59(1996)
Nucleus
CSC𝑞𝑞
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• Spectral changes of vector mesons in nuclear matter
T. Hatsuda, H. Shiomi, and H. Kuwabara, PTP95, 1009(1996)
Spontaneous Chiral Symmetry Breaking
35PRL98(07)042501
Vector meson in Nuclear MediumE16 Experiment at the High-p Beam Line
• Branch from the main primary BL-A line1010 primary proton at 30 GeV
• Commissioning will start in FY2018
e-
e-
e+
e+ e+
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Property changes of Hadrons in Matter:
• Vector meson (ത𝑞𝑞): f, w, r
– Mass: decreasing in matter
ത𝑞𝑞 in vacuum
ത𝑞𝑞in matter
ത𝑄𝑞 in vacuum
ത𝑄𝑞 in matterLight quarkmass [GeV]
mes
on
mas
s sh
ift
[GeV
]
E16
mass(e+e-) [GeV]
simulation
• Open charm meson ( ത𝑄𝑞): D
– Mass: increasing in matter ?
D Mesons in Nuclear Medium
37H. Ohnishi (RIKEN/RCNP)@HEF-Ext WS, Mar, 2016
How to observe the effect?
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Sub-threshold enhancement of D+/D- productionon pbar-A interaction (Euro.Phys.J A,351)
H. Ohnishi (RIKEN/RCNP)@HEF-Ext WS, Mar, 2016
T(GeV)
Fermi motion
MediumModification?
Can We Stick D-/Lc+ in Nucleus?
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0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Mo
men
tum
Tra
nsf
er [
GeV
/c]
pbar momentum [GeV/c]
ҧ𝑝𝑝 → 𝐷−𝐷+• ҧ𝑝𝑝 → 𝐷−𝐷+
Recoil momentum is too far beyond the Fermi-momentum…
Can We Stick D-/Lc+ in Nucleus?
• ҧ𝑝𝑑 → 𝐷−Λ𝑐+
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Λ𝑐+
ഥ𝐷
𝑝
ҧ𝑝
𝑛
𝐷
• ҧ𝑝𝐴 → 𝐷− + Λ𝑐𝐴′
→ Λ𝑐+ + ഥ𝐷𝐴′′
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Mo
men
tum
Tra
nsf
er [
GeV
/c]
pbar momentum [GeV/c]
ҧ𝑝𝑑 → 𝐷−Λ𝑐+
ҧ𝑝𝑑 → Λ𝑐+𝐷−
ҧ𝑝𝑝 → 𝐷−𝐷+
Problem: How small is the C.S. ?
Summary
• The project is listed up in a “Roadmap 2014”, a basic plan for large-scale academic projects to be promoted under MEXT
• KEK recently implanted a priority to this project.
• Physics opportunities should be expanded in the Hadron Hall at J-PARC.
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