chapter the health care workforce copyright © 2010 delmar, cengage learning. all rights reserved....

CHAPTER

The Health CareThe Health Care

WorkforceWorkforce

Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

Stephen N. Collier, PhD

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Changes in Health Care Changes in Health Care WorkforceWorkforce

Aging and becoming more diverseBaby boomers retiringShortagesGrowth in health care workforceIncrease in medical assistants

Additional information:http://bhpr.hrsa.gov/healthworkforce/

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Economy and Health CareEconomy and Health Care

Primary job growth area for U.S. economy13/30 fastest-growing occupationsStates aware of importance of a health care workforceCannot be moved offshoreMultiplier effect on local economy

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Health Care WorkforceHealth Care Workforce

Cyclical supply and demandImbalance causes problemsCurrent shortage may not be cyclicalEmployers want an oversupplyEducators want excess applicants

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Physician WorkforcePhysician Workforce

ShortageAMA 30% increase in enrollment by 2015Demand growing as population agesAllopathic increasing number of gradsOsteopathic opening more schools

Picture source: http://kesehatan.kompasiana.com/medis/2010/08/10/medical-doctorthe-dangerous-profession/

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Nursing WorkforceNursing Workforce

Long-term shortageRNs have an increasing average ageRetirement will increase shortageInternational nurses filling gapsLimited ability of U.S. educational system

Additional information:http://bhpr.hrsa.gov/healthworkforce/rnsurvey/2008/

Picture source: http://www.edupics.com/image-nurse-i10369.html

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Workforce EducationWorkforce Education

Educational system slow to respond to workforce changes

Accreditation

Reimbursement changes cause changes in workforce demand

Demand for therapists after BBA of 1997

Large gap between demand and capacity of programs for most health professionsPicture source: http://www.who.int/topics/education_medical/en/

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Workforce RegulationWorkforce Regulation

Voluntary, self-imposed, governmentalMostly governmental at state levelTo provide protection to the publicLicensureCertificationAccreditation

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Workforce GenderWorkforce Gender

Majority are womenShift

Additional information: http://www.who.int/hrh/documents/gender/en/index.html

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Workforce TrainingWorkforce Training

BimodalMore at lower and higher levelsProfessions increasing educational level

Occupational and physical therapyBachelor’s to doctoral“Degree creep”

Increasing centralization of functions

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Workforce TrainingWorkforce Training

“Degree Creep”Increasing degree levelsExpanding knowledgeAdvanced technologyAdditional expense for studentsStaffing more expensive

Additional information:http://www.hrsa.gov/about/pdf/bhpr.pdf

Picture source: http://www.prevention.com/health/health/healthy-living/use-your-nurse-practitioner/article/20c9ac2175d69110VgnVCM10000013281eac____

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Frontline WorkforceFrontline Workforce

Patient contactBachelor’s or lower

<$40,000 annually

Mostly womenHigh stress, low wageHigh turnover

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Workforce ShortagesWorkforce Shortages

Reasons for shortages:Education sectorEmployment characteristics Work settingProfessional organizationsCredentialing mechanismsPayer policies

Additional information:http://bhpr.hrsa.gov/about/default.htm

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Additional ResourcesAdditional Resources

World Health Organization – Health Workforcehttp://www.who.int/hrh/resources/en/index.html

Global Health Workforce Alliancehttp://www.who.int/workforcealliance/about/en/

World Health Organization - Human Resources for Health online journalhttp://www.human-resources-health.com/

U.S. Department of Health and Human Serviceshttp://bhpr.hrsa.gov/healthworkforce/http://datawarehouse.hrsa.gov/hpsadetail.aspx#anchorhttp://arf.hrsa.gov/

Public Health Service Act - Title 42 "The Public Health and Welfare", Chapter 6A "Public Health Service“http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode42/usc_sup_01_42_10_6A.html