chapter 6 section 3 the rise of christianity. jesus apostle paul diaspora constantine bishop ...

Chapter 6 Section 3

THE RISE OF CHRISTIANITY

JesusApostlePaulDiaspora

ConstantineBishopPeterPope

KEY TERMS

Roman power came to Judea in 63 BC

Judea at first was independent

AD 6 made of province of Rome

God promised to send a messiah to restore the kingdom

THE LIFE AND TEACHINGS OF JESUS

Between 4 and 6 BC Jesus was bornBorn in BethlehemRaised in NazarethBaptized by John the Baptist

Was a carpenterAge 30 began

public ministry

JESUS OF NAZARETH

Taught for three yearsPerformed miraclesTaught 10

CommandmentsGods personal

relationship with manGod would end

wickednessEstablish kingdom

after death for people who repent for their sins

JESUS OF NAZARETH

Teaching are from the Gospel

First 4 books of New Testament

Little historical reference

Written by his disciples

Apostles-12 men were pupils of Jesus

A GROWING MOVEMENT

His fame grewAttracted large

crowdsIgnore wealth

message for the poor.

“Blessed are the meek, for they shall inherit the world”

A GROWING MOVEMENT

Roman and Jewish leaders concerned

AD 29 Jesus visited Jerusalem

Greeted as king and messiah

Chief priests denied he was the messiah

Teachings were blasphemy

JESUS’ DEATH

Pontius Pilate accused Jesus of defying Rome

Pilate sentenced him to be crucified

Body disappears from the tomb

Jesus started to appear

Ascended into heavenBecame Jesus Christ

(Greek for savior)

JESUS’ DEATH

Followers spread message of triumph over death

New religion based on Jesus’ messages

Spread throughout the empire

CHRISTIANITY SPREADS THROUGH AN EMPIRE

Influence on development of Christianity

Had a vision of JesusSpread message for

the rest of his lifePax Romana

provided ideal conditions Travel Exchange of ideas

APOSTLE PAUL

Latin and Greek easily understood

Paul wrote EpistlesJesus was the son of

God who died for people’s sins

Christianity welcomed all converts

Enabled it to become more than local religion

APOSTLE PAUL

AD 66 Jews rebelled

AD 70 Romans stormed Jerusalem

Destroyed the Temple

Western wall all that is left

Jews in Masada held out till AD 71

JEWISH REBELLION

AD 132Half a million

Jews dieJewish political

state ceased to exists for 1800 years

Diaspora- Jews driven from their home

JEWISH REBELLION

Christians refused to worship Roman gods

Rulers used Christians as scapegoats

Roman imprisoned or executed Christians

Thousands crucified, burned, killed by wild animal

Martry-person willing to die for an idea

PERSECUTION OF CHRISTIANS

Despite persecution become a powerful force

Why Christianity grewEmbraced all peopleGave hope to the powerless

Appealed to those who repelled extravagances

Promised eternal life

A WORLD RELIGION

AD 312 fighting three rivals

Milvian Bridge battle he prays and sees a cross

Orders artisans to put the cross on their shield

Constantine victorious

Edict of Milan-approves Christianity

CONSTANTINE ACCEPTS CHRISTIANITY

AD 380 Theodosius made it the emperor’s offi cial religion

Priest led each small group

Bishop-supervised several local churches

Peter traveled to Rome and became the first bishop

EARLY CHRISTIAN CHURCH

Jesus referred to Peter as the rock

All priests and bishops trace authority to him

Every major city has a bishop

Peter was the first Pope

Bishop of Rome was leader of the whole church

EARLY CHRISTIAN CHURCH

Disagreements developed

Hersey- anyone who did not believe

Compiled New Testament

Contained the 4 Gospels, the Epistles of Paul

A SINGLE VOICE

New Testament added to Hebrew Bible

AD 325 Constantine solidifies teachings

Calls leaders to Nicaea in Anatolia

Nicene Creed- defined the beliefs of the church

A SINGLE VOICE

Fathers of the Church

Augustine Bishop of Hippo AD 346

Augustine taught people they needed grace of God to be saved

Had to receive the sacraments

THE FATHERS OF THE CHURCH

After Rome was sacked

The city of God could not be destroyed

As Christianity rose Rome declined

Increasing foreign and domestic problems

THE FATHERS OF THE CHURCH