chapter 5 – skeletal systemmspool.weebly.com/.../8/9/4/7/89473568/skeletal_syst… · web...

[Chapter 5 – Skeletal System] Anatomy Notes Outline

I. Functions of the Skeletal System

a. Support

b. Movement

c. Storage

d. Red blood cell production

e. Protection

II. Bone Tissue a. Compact Bone

b. Spongy Bone

c. Osteocytes

d. Periosteum

e. Endosteum

i. Osteoblasts –

ii. Osteoclasts –

1

[Chapter 5 – Skeletal System] Anatomy Notes Outline

III. Long Bone Anatomy

a. Proximal Epiphysis

b. Diaphysis

c. Distal Epiphysis

d. Medullary Cavity

i. Yellow Marrow

ii. Red Marrow

2

[Chapter 5 – Skeletal System] Anatomy Notes Outline

IV. Microscopic Anatomy of Bone (Osteons)

a. Lamella

b. Lacuna

c. Central Canals

d. Canaliculi

V. Bone Growth (Ossification)

a. Composition of embryonic bone

b. Direction of bony tissue growth

c. Epiphyseal plates

d. Epiphyseal line

3

[Chapter 5 – Skeletal System] Anatomy Notes Outline

VI. Divisions of the Skeleton

a. Axial Skeleton

b. Appendicular Skeleton

VII. Skull

a. Sutures

b. Fontanels

4

[Chapter 5 – Skeletal System] Anatomy Notes Outline

VIII.Sinuses

IX. Hyoid Bone

X. Middle Ear Bones

5

[Chapter 5 – Skeletal System] Anatomy Notes Outline

XI. Vertebral Column

a. Cervical

i. Atlas –

ii. Axis –

b. Thoracic

c. Lumbar

6

[Chapter 5 – Skeletal System] Anatomy Notes Outline

XII. Ribs and Sternum

a. Function

b. True Ribs

c. False Ribs

7

[Chapter 5 – Skeletal System] Anatomy Notes Outline

XIII.Appendicular Skeleton

8

[Chapter 5 – Skeletal System] Anatomy Notes Outline

XIV. Appendicular

9

[Chapter 5 – Skeletal System] Anatomy Notes Outline

10

[Chapter 5 – Skeletal System] Anatomy Notes Outline

11

[Chapter 5 – Skeletal System] Anatomy Notes Outline

XV. Classification of Bones

a. Long Bones

b. Short Bones

c. Flat Bones

d. Sesamoid Bones

e. Irregular Bones

XVI. Articulations

a. Synarthrosis

i. Example

b. Amphiarthrosis

i. Example

c. Diarthrosis

i. Example

12

[Chapter 5 – Skeletal System] Anatomy Notes Outline

XVII. Diarthrosis Joint Anatomy

a. Articular Cartilage

b. Synovial Membrane

c. Synovial Fluid

d. Ligaments

e. Menisci

13

[Chapter 5 – Skeletal System] Anatomy Notes Outline

14

[Chapter 5 – Skeletal System] Anatomy Notes Outline

XVIII. Types of Synovial Joints

a. Ball and Socket

i. Example:

b. Hinge

i. Example:

c. Condylar

i. Example:

d. Saddle

i. Example:

e. Gliding

i. Example:

f. Pivot

i. Example:

15

[Chapter 5 – Skeletal System] Anatomy Notes Outline

XIX. Injuries

a. Sprain

b. Dislocation

c. Simple/Closed Fracture

d. Compound/Open Fracture

e. Greenstick Fracture

f. Comminuted Fracture

XX. Bone Disorders

a. Brittle Bone Disease

b. Osteoporosis

c. Scoliosis

d. Osteoarthritis

16