chapter 20
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Chapter 20
Concentration
Molarity (M)
• Moles of solute per liter of solution.
Molarity =moles of soluteliters of solution
What is the molarity of a solution prepared by What is the molarity of a solution prepared by dissolving 21.0 g of CaCldissolving 21.0 g of CaCl22 in 500.0 mL of solution? in 500.0 mL of solution?
What is the molarity of a solution prepared by What is the molarity of a solution prepared by dissolving 21.0 g of CaCldissolving 21.0 g of CaCl22 in 500.0 mL of solution? in 500.0 mL of solution?
0.378M CaCl2
What is the molarity of a solution prepared by What is the molarity of a solution prepared by dissolving 48.4 g of CaCldissolving 48.4 g of CaCl22 in 100.0 mL of solution? in 100.0 mL of solution?
What is the molarity of a solution prepared by What is the molarity of a solution prepared by dissolving 48.4 g of CaCldissolving 48.4 g of CaCl22 in 100.0 mL of solution? in 100.0 mL of solution?
4.36M CaCl2
molality (m)
• Moles of solute per kilogram of solvent.
molality =moles of solute
kg of solvent
What is the molality of a solution prepared by What is the molality of a solution prepared by dissolving 92.3 g of KF in 100.0g of water? dissolving 92.3 g of KF in 100.0g of water?
What is the molality of a solution prepared by What is the molality of a solution prepared by dissolving 92.3 g of KF in 100.0g of water? dissolving 92.3 g of KF in 100.0g of water?
15.9m KF
What is the molality of a solution prepared by What is the molality of a solution prepared by dissolving 20.0g of NHdissolving 20.0g of NH44Cl in 400.0g of water? Cl in 400.0g of water?
What is the molality of a solution prepared by What is the molality of a solution prepared by dissolving 20.0g of NHdissolving 20.0g of NH44Cl in 400.0g of water? Cl in 400.0g of water?
0.935m NH4Cl
Mole Fraction (X)
• moles of component per total moles of solution.
mole fraction =moles of component
total moles in solution
Note: The mole fractions of the solute and solvent add up to “1”
What is the mole fraction of CWhat is the mole fraction of C44HH1010O in a solution O in a solution
containing 75.6g of Ccontaining 75.6g of C1010HH88 and 600.0g of C and 600.0g of C44HH1010O? O?
What is the mole fraction of CWhat is the mole fraction of C44HH1010O in a solution O in a solution
containing 75.6g of Ccontaining 75.6g of C1010HH88 and 600.0g of C and 600.0g of C44HH1010O? O?
XC4H10O = 0.932
What is the mole fraction of CWhat is the mole fraction of C22HH66O in a solution O in a solution
containing 67.4g of Ccontaining 67.4g of C99HH77N and 200.0g of CN and 200.0g of C22HH66O? O?
What is the mole fraction of CWhat is the mole fraction of C22HH66O in a solution O in a solution
containing 67.4g of Ccontaining 67.4g of C99HH77N and 200.0g of CN and 200.0g of C22HH66O? O?
XC2H6O = 0.893
Percent Solution by mass
• Represents the number of grams of solute per 100 grams of solution.
% solution = mass of solutemass of solution
X 100
A solution contains 130g of HCl in 750g of water. A solution contains 130g of HCl in 750g of water. What is the percent by mass of this HCl solution?What is the percent by mass of this HCl solution?
A solution contains 130g of HCl in 750g of water. A solution contains 130g of HCl in 750g of water. What is the percent by mass of this HCl solution?What is the percent by mass of this HCl solution?
14.8% HCl
What is the mass percent of a solution What is the mass percent of a solution containing 67.4g of Ccontaining 67.4g of C99HH77N in 200.0g of CN in 200.0g of C22HH66O? O?
What is the mass percent of a solution What is the mass percent of a solution containing 67.4g of Ccontaining 67.4g of C99HH77N in 200.0g of CN in 200.0g of C22HH66O? O?
25.2% C9H7N
Homework
• Worksheet: Concentration
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