chapter 15 political culture lecturer: tong dezhi tianjin normal university college of politics and...
Post on 19-Jan-2016
226 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
Chapter 15 Political Culture
Lecturer: Tong Dezhi
Tianjin Normal University College of Politics and Public Administration
Introduction
1. Conceptions of Political Culture 2. Structure of Political Culture 3. Types of Political Culture 4. Function of Political Culture 5. History of the Research
1. Conception of Political Culture
(1) Case: My Family Creeds (2) Conception Defined by Almond (3) Other Conceptions (4) Conclusion
(2) Conception Defined by Almond
Subjective orientation of political system Elements: Political cognizance Political attitude Political evaluation
(3) Other Conceptions
Political culture may be defined as the political psychology of a country or nation.
Political culture may be defined as the political psychology and political thought.
Political culture may be defined as the political psychology, political thought and political institution.
(4) Conclusion
Political culture is subjective orientation of a political system.
Elements of Political Culture (Almond)
COGNITION = empirical knowledge (how things are) Example: "A market economy is more productive
than a planned economy.“ ATTITUDE = positive and negative feelings (how
things feel) Example: “President Bush is abominable”
VALUE = normative belief (how things ought to be) Example: "Individual liberty should be the most
important thing” IDEOLOGY= system of ideas
Example:”Liberalism is the good solution for the social problems ”
2.Structure of Political Culture
Back
Elements of Political Culture (Inglehart) Aim
Aims of country Aims of respondent Most important goals
Political system Political system Political parties Democracy
Attitudes concerning society Political action
Political action Who should decide
Others
10
Preference to Freedom or Equality
*Footnote
Source: Source
11
Preference to Order
*Footnote
Source: Source
Dimensions of political ideology Increased spending on public housing Employ minorities Banning sexually explicit movies Mandatory testing for AIDS
Four Types of Ideology
14
Cycle of the Elements
Cognizance
Attitude
Value
Ideology
*Footnote
Source: Source
3. Types of Political CultureSystem as GeneralObjects
Input Objects
Output Objects
Self as Active Participant
Parochial 0 0 0 0
Subject 1 0 1 0
Participant 1 1 1 1
3. Types of Political Culture
(1) participant, in which citizens understand and take part in politics and voluntary associations;
(2) subject, in which citizens largely obey but participate little;
(3) parochial, in which citizens have neither knowledge of nor interest in politics.
3. Almond's Three Publics 1. A general public of a majority. The kind of public
does not know or care about much beyond their immediate concerns. For example, they show little interest in foreign policy unless the country is in a war or international crisis.
2. An attentive public of a minority. They are better educated and followed more abstract political concerns in the field of foreign policy.
3. A policy and opinion elite of a few highly influential people. They are involved in politics, often professionally.
18
Map of Civilizations
*Footnote
Source: Source
19
Types of Political Culture (Inglehart)
*Footnote
Source: Source
Cultural heterogeneity/Sub-cultures
Fragmented
Affect a Polity’s Stability
Political systems that possess cultures that are homogeneous with respect to regime and community are “integrated.” They are likely to be more stable than systems that lack such integration
Public Opinion Democracy and Good Governance Making Decisions Public Policy
Public Opinion
5. History of the Research
Key scholars on political culture Key books on political culture
Key Scholars on Political Culture
Gabriel Almond Sidney Verba Lucian Pye Samuel Huntington Robert Putnam Ronald Ingerhart
Key Books on Political Culture Gabriel Almond and Sidney Verba, The Civic Culture:
Political Attitudes and Democracy in Five Nations (1963) Gabriel Almond and Sidney Verba, The Civic Culture
Revisited (1980) Robert Putnam, Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions
in Modern Italy (1993) Samuel P. Huntington , The Clash of Civilizations And
The Remaking Of World Order (1996) Robert Dahl, Ian Shapiro, and Jose Antonio Cheibub, The
Democracy Sourcebook, Cambridge: the MIT Press, 2003, pp.168-180.
top related