case study beggary in karachi
Post on 02-Jan-2016
95 Views
Preview:
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
16th MCMC
CASE STUDY
Syndicate - ABeggary in Sindh with Specific
Implication to Karachi
Sponsor ADS: Lt Col (R) Ijaz Ahmad
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT, KARACHI
2
Composition
3
Sr #
Name Sr. #
Name
1. Aijaz Anwer Chohan
7. M. Kamran Khan
2. Ahmed Ali Sirohey
8. M. Ali Chachar
3. Ali Asghar Sial 9. Shahab Qamar Ansari
4. Azhar Erum Memon
10. Shaheen
5. Javed Iqbal 11. Syed Aftab Haider
6. Moazzam Ali Marri
12. Zubair A. Siddiqui
Requirements Discuss causes of beggary and its various modes, in detail. How far is it a syndicated
activity and under what kind of patronage it thrives in Karachi. How far the police and
other public service departments are responsible in this regard
Critically examine the efficacy of various legislations to control Beggary. If the available
legislation is not effective to control this menace what additional practicable legal,
preventive and punitive measure would you suggest in this regard
Beggary is a criminal and a social evil and is largely an outcome of socio-economic,
imbalances in our society. Before it becomes a criminal activity. What corrective
mechanism would you propose to transform beggars into respectable, civilized and
responsible citizens of our society
What role our media and civil society organization can play through investigative
reporting and awareness campaign to educate general public about their role and
responsibility in controlling Beggary
4
Introduction
Requirement 1:
Causes of Beggary – its various modes
Beggary – A syndicated activity & the kind of patronage
Responsibility of Police & Other Public Service Departments
Requirement 2:
Legal Provisions & its Efficacy
Additional preventive & Punitive Measures
Requirement 3:
Beggary – an Outcome of Socio-Economic Imbalance
Linkage of Beggary and Criminal Activity
Proposed Corrective Measures
Requirement 4:
Responsibilities of General Public
Role of Media
Role of Civil Society Organization
5
Scheme of Presentation
Definition No single definition
Requesting a donation in a supplicating manner
Practice of imploring others to grant a favour, often a gift & money with no expectation of reciprocation*.
“vagrant”** means a person who—(i) solicits or receives alms in a public place;(ii) exposes or exhibits any sore, wound, injury, deformity or disease in a public place for the purpose of soliciting or receiving alms;(iii) allows himself to be used as an exhibit for the purpose of soliciting or receiving alms;(iv) enters on any private premises without the invitation of the
occupier for the purpose of soliciting or receiving alms;
but does not include a person who solicits or receives money, food or gift for a purpose authorized by rules under a prescribed certificate;
Source: *Wikipedia Encyclopedia (www.wkikipedia.com) ** West Pakistan Vagrancy Ordinance, 1958
6
Causes
Economic
:
• Poverty• Unemployment• Inequalities & Injustices in Society• Lucrative Business • Lack of viable economic alternatives.
7
Causes
Social:
• Family Disorganization
• Lack of Parental Control
• Community disorganization
• Social Customs• Demographic
Pressures like Urbanization
• Population Growth
8
Causes
Other
Causes:
• Non-implementation of Laws – Public Sector Failure?• Faulty Laws• Internal Displacement • Cultural
Biological Causes:
• Sickness or Disease• Physically Disabled • Mentally Deficient• Old Age
Religious Causes:
• Religious Mendicancy• Indiscriminate Alms-giving• Religious factors such as zakat and madrassas serve to
socially and financially
9
Modes of Beggary
Destitute Begging
lacks education & skills to do
work
Handicapped
Begging
sick, disabled, mentally retarded,
aged , incapable to
work
Exploited Begging
syndicated beggar
Professional
Begging
follows as an occupation,
10
Modes of Beggary
Rat Children Begging – • Children and adults, who have miniature heads
Child Begging – • a minor who forced into begging
Transgender Beggars- • Hijras, also known as khawajasira, include individuals such as transgendered males, transsexuals, and members of the ‘third sex’.
11
Patronage
Beggary – an organized trade - A social evil from ancient time in almost all societies - A Syndicated, lucrative, organized Activity
Patrons:
Government Agencies Police
Beggars Contractors
Drug Barons
Society at large
12
Constitutional & Legal Status
Constitution of
Pakistan –
• Article 3 – The state shall ensure the elimination of all forms of exploitation and gradual fulfillment of the fundamental principle from each according to his ability to each according to his work
• Article 33 - The state shall provide basic necessities of life such as food, clothing, housing, education, and medical relief for all such citizens irrespective of sex, caste, creed or race as are permanently or temporarily unable to earn their livelihood on account of infirmity, sickness or unemployment
13
Constitutional & Legal Status
West Pakistan Vagrancy Ordinance, 1958 - Punitive in Nature• Police Officer may
arrest without warrant
• One to three Year detention in welfare home
• Applicable to Karachi vide Extension to Karachi Ordinance, 1964
Sindh Local Government Act, 2013 – Preventive in Nature• Section 63 – deals
with prevention of beggary
14
Proposed Legal Measures
Consolidate & Update anti-beggary laws Definition of Beggary may be inclusive rather
exclusive Enhance punishment for the person who forced an
individual into beggary Like NGO’s & NPO’s, Tax credit may be introduced in
for individual who adopts a child beggar or a family NGOs may be encouraged to operate Welfare Homes Detained Beggars may be trained to get employment on
mega projects Separate Wing within KMC may be established to curb
this menace, with its own police/ wardens Data Base may be developed by giving license of
beggary as in vogue in European countries. 15
Preventive Measures
Introduction of the social safety nets Encourage community based arrangements
of care and share Public programs-cash transfers, income
generation, social insurance Survey of illegal settlements, katchi abadis,
and slums
Extension of microcredit and small business enterprises schemes and cheap housing to vulnerable, risk prone population sectors
Recovery and rehabilitation of disaster/conflict areas to encourage repatriation of the IDPs
Enforcement mandates to child protection departments/KMC vigilance cells etc.
16
Punitive Measures
Rigorous punishments/mandatory
imprisonment for mafia behind organized crimes
Ban on professional and organized begging
National registry of repeated beggary
offenders
Fines
Forced detentions
Resource constraints 17
Beggary – an Outcome of Socio-
Economic Imbalance
Prevalence of beggars is due to breakdown of the socio-economic structure of the country
Beggars in Pakistan, specially in Karachi are the victims and result of an imbalanced socio-economic system
Selfish Parents abandon/ sell their children because of poverty their children
18
Linkage of Beggary and Criminal Activity
19
Corrective Mechanism
Sr #
Proposed Measure Responsibility
1. Mandatory registration with KMC to develop Data Bank
Local Govt Dept. & KMC
2. Segregation on the basis of a. Gender, Age, & Skillb. Drug Addicts, Careers of Contagious
Diseases
Social Welfare Department
3. Entrusting diseased and drug addicts to NGO’s operating rehabilitation centers.
Social Welfare Department
4. Entrusting begging children to NGO’s like Azad Foundation
Social Welfare Department
5. Ensuring grants from the central Zakat Fund/ Baitul Mal for NGO’s and Welfare homes
Zakat & Ushar Deptt. 20
Responsibilities of General Public
Distinguish between needy and greedy
Deservers for Zakat and Sadqas
Discourage Begging Mafias
Encourage donation
21
Role of Media
Investigative Journalism
Advertising Campaign
Arrange Street shows
Through Plays and Morning Shows
Media Campaigns
Talk Shows
Investigative Reports
FM channels 22
Role of Civil Society Organizations
Awareness Campaign through:-
Street Walks
Distribution of hand bills, pamphlets and posters
Arrange Seminars and workshops
Mosques
Encourage Civil Society to channelize charity to
establish Welfare Homes, Vocational Centers & Free
Kitchens23
Thanks
Q & A
25
26
27
28
29
top related