carbon fibre, glass fibre and optical fibre

Description• Consist of fibers composed of carbon atoms

• Carbon atoms are bonded together

• Combined with other materials to form a composite

• The atomic structure is similar of graphite

consisting of sheets of carbon atoms

Origin and history

• 1958 Roger Bacon created high-performance carbon fibers

• were manufactured by heating strands of rayon

This process proved to be inefficient

• 1970 Carbon fiber made from a petroleum pitch

Specific properties

• High resistance to mechanics

• Low density

• High producction price

• Resistance of external agents

• Big capacity of thermal insulation

• Resistance of the temperature variation

Uses• Aeronautical industry

• Motoring industy

• Boats and bicycles

• Roller skate, tennis racket, flat

• Notebook, tripod, fishing rod

• A group of many fibers• Made by extruding thin strands in fibers• Extremely fine• Obtained when liquid glass flows trought an

espinerette

Origin and historyOrigin and history

• Heating and drawing glass’ techniques have been known for millennia

• Manufacturing glass fibres techniques are recent• Dubus Bonnel was the first who used it• He used it as thread

Specific propertiesSpecific properties

• Thermal, electrical and sound insulation• Anti acids • Can stand high temperatures• Easily malleable• Density of 1.6

Glass fibre’s usesGlass fibre’s uses

• Reinforcing material• Thermal, electrical and sound insulation• And for things like

• Flexible• Transparent• High quality extruded glass or

plastic• Constructed by pulling a

perform to form the optical fiber

• Usual methods:– Inside vapor deposition– Outside vapor deposition– Vapor axial deposition

DescriptionDescription

COVERING

CORE

SHEATHING

BUFFER

Origin and history

• 1790 Chappe brothers invented the optical telegraph

• 1880 Bell patented an optical telephone system

• 1930 Lamm transmit an image of optical fibers

• 1958 The laser was introduced

• Flexible• Thermal insulators• Electrical conductor• High reflector• Transmits light without

losses

Uses• Medium for telecommunication and computer

networking • In remote sensing. • Light guides in medical and other applications • In some buildings • in decorative applications • In spectroscopy