caed 1ec1course intro-sept2014

Computer Aided EngineeringMCB 3063

Course IntroductionNov 13, 2014

About Me• Assoc Prof Ir Dr Mokhtar Awang

– Bachelor Degree in Mech Eng, Univ of Detroit Mercy, USA

– Master of Science in Mech Eng, West Virginia Univ, USA

– PhD in Mech Eng, West Virginia Univ, USA

– Registered Professional Engineer with Board of Engineers Malaysia (BEM)

– Chartered Engineer with UK Engineering Council

– Deputy Head, Mechanical Eng Dept

– Chair of ASME Malaysia Section

– 6 years experience in various industries

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Prerequisites

• Solid Mechanics (MCB 2034)

• Fluid Mechanics II (MCB 2053)

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InstructorsAssoc. Prof. Ir. Dr. Mokhtar Awang

Office: 19-03-04

Office phone: 05 – 368 7204

email: mokhtar_awang@petronas.com.my

Prof Abdul Rashid AbdulAziz

Course Synopsis• This is an introduction course to Finite Element Method

(FEM) and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD).

• Basic formulation of FEM based on load stiffness displacement matrices(Direct Stiffness Method –spring/rod element and maximum potential energy method –beam and frame elements)

• Variational Techniques of Numeric (discretization of space and PDE).

• Specific commercial engineering software will be used as a tool.

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Learning Outcomes

• Demonstrate the underlying principles of Computer Aided Engineering (Finite Element Method and Computational Fluid Dynamics).

• Construct models using Finite Element/Volume/Difference.

• Apply the application of structural and thermofluids analyses in specific engineering problems.

• Model and simulate engineering problems using specific commercial software.

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Communication Modes

• E-learning

• E-mail

• Appointment

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At the end of this course, students should be able to:

1. Demonstrate the underlying principles of Computer Aided Engineering (Finite Element Method and Computational Fluid Dynamics).

2. Construct models using Finite Element/Volume/Difference.

3. Apply the application of structural and thermofluidsanalyses in specific engineering problems.

4. Model and simulate engineering problems using specific commercial software.

Course outcomes

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Texts Books

1. Finite Element Analysis: Theory and Application with

ANSYS, Saeed Moaveni, Prentice Hall.

2. John D. Anderson Jr., Computational Fluid Dynamics: The

Basics with Applications, 1995, McGraw Hill.

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Assessments

Quizzes /Assignments 15 %

Projects 15 %

Test 20 %

Final Exam 50%

____

Total 100%

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PolicyAttendance (≥ 90%)

Non compliance Barred from Final Exams

Assignment submission (On-time delivery)

Non compliance Penalty (marks deduction-10 % per day)

Use of handphone in class (To be turned off)

Non compliance Student asked to leave the class

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• No make-up quizzes or tests unless with valid reasons. Written justifications are required.

• Failure to provide advance notice to the lecturer may result in marks deduction for the re-test.

• The student will have 5 working days from the day of the original test to take the re-test.

Quizzes or Tests

Lesson Plan

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Learning Outcomes

• Get some ideas about FEM

• Familiarize with FEM terminology

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Why do we need CAE?

• Engineering is a problem-solving discipline, it requires an understanding of complex systems and phenomena that occurs in the system. – Prof. JN Reddy

• Geometric modeling – CAD/CAM/CIM• Need a tool to analyze stresses,

displacements, temperature etc

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Engineering Problems

• Exact solution– Example: deflection of a cantilever

beam

• Approximate solution– Finite element method (FEM)

– Finite volume method (FVM)

– Finite difference method (FDM)

– Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)

Exact solution

• Example: Slopes and Deflections of beams

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Course Content

• FEM -> ANSYS Mechanical APDL

• CFD -> ANSYS Fluent

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Definition

• Finite – having limited in size– i.e computer has finite amount of

memory

• Element – subdivision of an object/continuum

• Method – approach/ a way of solving

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Finite Element Method (FEM)

• numerical technique for finding approximate solutions of partial differential equations (PDE) as well as of integral equations.

• FEM based on the idea of building a complicated object with simple blocks

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Finite Element Formulation

• Direct formulation/Direct stiffness• Minimum total potential energy

formulation• Weighted residual formulation

– Collocation method– Subdomain method– Galerkin method– Least-square method

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Basic Features of the FEM

• Divide the object (whole) into parts (finite element mesh)

• Set up relationships between primary (unknown) and secondary (known) variables

• Assemble the parts to obtain the solution of the whole

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Why Finite Element Method?• Advance computer technology

• To save cost of experimental works– Boeing Co.

• To validate experimental work; CNT

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Available Commercial Fem software

• ANSYS

• I-DEAS

• NASTRAN

• ABAQUS

• COSMOS

• ALGOR

• PATRAN

• HyperMesh

• Dyna-3D – crash/impact analysis

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Basic FEM terminology

• Element – a geometric sub-domain of the region

• Node – a geometric location in the element

• Mesh – a collection of element (including nodes) that replaces the actual domain

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• The elements are interconnected at points. • those points (so called nodes or nodal points) are

common to two or more elements and/or boundary lines and/or surfaces.

• The transfer of load (force, displacement, heat flux, etc) between elements occurred at the common nodes between elements.

Discretizing the geometry

into elements and nodes

Elements

Node

Basic FEM terminology

Type of Finite Elements

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1-D (Line) Element

(Spring, truss, beam, pipe, etc.)

2-D (Plane) Element

(Membrane, plate, shell, etc.)3-D (Solid) Element

(3-D fields - temperature, displacement, stress, flow velocity)

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Example of simulation and discretization of 2-D eng. problem

Sample of 2-D mesh

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Example of simulation and discretization of 3-D eng. problem

Sample of 3-D mesh

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