c e traffic congestion
Post on 03-Apr-2018
219 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
-
7/29/2019 C E Traffic Congestion
1/24
Traffic Congestion
Cause and Effect Essay
-
7/29/2019 C E Traffic Congestion
2/24
Introduction
Three sentences
2: Two background sentences
1: This essay will discuss
-
7/29/2019 C E Traffic Congestion
3/24
Introduction: Background
Two sentences
Describe the current situation or
Describe the past and present or
Give one side and the other side
-
7/29/2019 C E Traffic Congestion
4/24
Introduction: Background Ex.1
Describe the current situation
Abu Dhabi is a modern city, but itfaces a modern problem. Everymorning and evening, the streets arecrowded with cars, taxis and trucks.
-
7/29/2019 C E Traffic Congestion
5/24
Introduction: Background Ex.2
Describe the past and present
Thirty years ago there were only ahandful of cars in the dusty town ofAbu Dhabi. Today, the streets arebumper-to-bumper with modern 4WDvehicles, luxury saloons, and taxis.
-
7/29/2019 C E Traffic Congestion
6/24
Introduction: Background Ex.3
Give one side and the other side
Abu Dhabi is one of the most highlydeveloped cities in the Arab world.However, traffic congestion is a seriousproblem.
-
7/29/2019 C E Traffic Congestion
7/24
Introduction: Thesis
Thesis: Say what the essay will do;
This essay will examine the twoobvious causes of traffic congestion in
Abu Dhabi in terms of the _______and _______.
This essay will illustrate the twoprimary implications of traffic
congestion in Abu Dhabi in terms ofthe _______ and _______.
discuss, analyze, describe, investigate,
outline, look at, mention, illustrate,
review, explore,
-
7/29/2019 C E Traffic Congestion
8/24
Sample Introduction
Abu Dhabi is a modern city, but it also
has a modern problem. Every morningand evening, the streets are crowdedwith cars, taxis and trucks. This essaywill examine the two obvious causes oftraffic congestion in Abu Dhabi in
terms of the _______ and _______.
-
7/29/2019 C E Traffic Congestion
9/24
Causes
Seven sentences (approx.)
Opening sentence (Topic) Cause 1, more information
Cause 2, more information
Cause 3, more information
-
7/29/2019 C E Traffic Congestion
10/24
Causes: Topic Sentences
The first main factor that hascontributed to Abu Dhabis trafficproblems is _________.
Abu Dhabis gridlock is the result of__________.
The real reason for Abu Dhabistraffic problems is _________.
Specify! Dont use pronouns like This or Itin the opening.
-
7/29/2019 C E Traffic Congestion
11/24
Causes
No trains, trams, buses, metro, etc (poor publictransport infrastructure)
Too many taxis
Everybody can afford a car due to rapideconomic growth
Road building cannot keep up
Rapid population growth
Limited space on the island
High temperatures
Children cannot walk to school
No staggered hours
-
7/29/2019 C E Traffic Congestion
12/24
Causes: Sample 1
One of the main causes ofcongestion is the ever escalating
number of cars. Because of theEmirates rapid economic growth,most residents can afford privatevehicles.
-
7/29/2019 C E Traffic Congestion
13/24
Causes: Sample 2
Another contributing factor is thelack of a public transport
infrastructure. The absence ofbuses, trains or an undergroundforces residents to rely on cars ortaxis.
-
7/29/2019 C E Traffic Congestion
14/24
Causes: Sample 3
The road system is another causeof congestion. Although the roads
are highly developed, plannershave not been able to keep upwith the rapid expansion of the
population. Frequent road works
also lead to delays.
-
7/29/2019 C E Traffic Congestion
15/24
Effects
Seven sentences (approx.)
Opening sentence (Topic) Effect 1, more information
Effect 2, more information
Effect 3, more information
-
7/29/2019 C E Traffic Congestion
16/24
Effects
Higher levels of anger and frustration
More air pollution due to emissions
Increased noise pollution More wasted time, delays at work and
at school or when doing errands
Reduced productivity
Less pleasant environment
Higher motoring costs (wasted fuel)
-
7/29/2019 C E Traffic Congestion
17/24
Effects: Topic Sentences
This congestion has brought aboutan adverse effect on _________.
Abu Dhabis traffic affects ________negatively.
Traffic jam triggers many negativeconsequences on the city.
-
7/29/2019 C E Traffic Congestion
18/24
Effects: Sample 1
The tremendous effect is theincreased anger and frustration.
Commuters and shoppersexperience delays, resulting intension and stress as they sit intraffic. This can even lead to an
increasing accident rates.
-
7/29/2019 C E Traffic Congestion
19/24
Effects: Sample 2
Another adverse effect is on theenvironment. Air quality declines
as vehicle emissions rise. Noiselevels also increase. In general,the city becomes a less pleasant
place to live or work.
-
7/29/2019 C E Traffic Congestion
20/24
Effects: Sample 3
A major effect is on productivityand efficiency. Workers and
students are late for work orschool. Salesmen and travelerswaste hours in traffic jams,leading to lost profits.
-
7/29/2019 C E Traffic Congestion
21/24
Conclusion
Two or three sentences
Summarise the main ideas and/or Give your opinion
Look to the Future
-
7/29/2019 C E Traffic Congestion
22/24
Conclusion: Sample 1
Overall, Abu Dhabis trafficproblems are caused by an over-reliance on private transport anda failure to keep up with therapidly expanding population.However, the city has shown itcan solve problems in the past,
and it is feasible that trafficcongestion can be reduced in thefuture.
-
7/29/2019 C E Traffic Congestion
23/24
Conclusion: Sample 2
Overall, too many cars for toofew road have led to severe
congestion in the city. However,if the municipal authoritiesencourage residents to use publictransport, I am sure Abu Dhabi
will continue to be a pleasant cityto live in the future.
-
7/29/2019 C E Traffic Congestion
24/24
Traffic Congestion
Cause and Effect Essay
top related