by candy olson. fault lines = relief of stress subduction: normal faulting reverse faulting...
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By Candy Olson
Fault lines = relief of stressSubduction: normal faulting reverse faulting strikeslip transformhttp://www.iris.edu/gifs/animations/faults.htm
tsunami
http:/www.pbs.org/wnet/savageearth/animations/tsunami/main.html
Danger -Getting knocked about by debris -Being pulled out to sea
Observed phenomena Gas clouds-can be irritating, fatal, eclipse the
skyLightningHaze –before, during and after a quakeWater/steam geiserSand, coal or other mineral geiserLand splits, drops, or raises
seismographMeasurements1st in China@135 C.E.Han dynasty-invented by Chang Heng
1st modern day seismograph in 1875 by Cecchi in Italy –used a suspended pendulum
Work was done in 1880’s in Japan that continued to improve on Cecchi’s work
http://earthquake.usgs.gov/learning/kids/kidsLearningLinks.php
Types of measurementRichter scale: measures movement of
suspended pen (seismograph) during a quakeSeismic moment: measures how much and
how far the Earth’s crust moves during a quake
Types of earthquakes
Benioff zone- focus is deep in subduction zone
Surface- focus is at or near the surface of the Earth’s crust
http://www.pbs.org/wnet/savageearth/animations/earthquakes/index.html
How do scientists know where the focus is?
One station recording a quake gives a circle of possibilites.
Two stations give two possibilities.Three stations finds the location of the
epicenter.Four stations finds the depth/ focus.
Scientific advancement from studying earthquakes:
Have learned that entire plates can shake in a great quake;
Are learning what the interior of the Earth is made of/how it’s arranged.
Are learning the geological history of the Earth.
Lab activityhttp://web.ics.purdue.edu/~braile/edumod/
slinky/slinky.htm
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