by ashlyn creamer

By Ashlyn Creamer

100 100

200 200

400 400

300

400

Metabolism ATP Cellular Respiration Photosynthesis

300 300 300

200

400

200

100

500 500 500 500

100

Row 1, Col 1

break down

Anabolic processes consume energy to build more complicated molecules from simpler ones, while

catabolic processes _______ molecules

1,2

ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)is composed of 1) the sugar ribose,

2) the nitrogenous base adenine, and 3) a chain of three phosphate groups

What are the 3 components of an ATP molecule?

1,3

2 ATP

How many net ATP molecules are produced during glycolyis?

1,4

NADPH; ATP

Photosystem I produces ___ while photosystem II produces ___?

2,1

Exergonic; releases

Cellular respiration is a (exergonic/endergonic) because it (releases/consumes) energy.

2,2

Phosphofructokinase

The production of which enzyme inhibits ATP (and citrate) production during cellular respiration?

2,3

(Student only needs to get three of these!)1) Anaerobic is without the presence of oxygen, while aerobic is with2) Anaerobic only makes 2 ATP per glucose molecule, aerobic makes between 30-32

3) In anaerobic respiration, the final electron acceptor is an organic molecule such as pyruvate. In aerobic respiration, it’s oxygen.4) Anaerobic respiration produces carbon dioxide, ATP, and either lactic acid or ethyl alcohol. Aerobic respiration produces carbon dioxide, water, and ATP5)Anaerobic respiration only occurs in the cytoplasm while aerobic occurs in both the cytoplasm and mitochondria

Name three differences between anaerobic and aerobic respiration (TIP: think about the products produced and

how much energy is made!)

2,4

The splitting of water molecules provides the source of electrons

for photosystem II.

Where do the electrons entering photosystem II come from?

3,1

Competitive inhibitors bind at the active site,and they reduce the productivity of enzymes

by blocking substrates from entering active sites

Non competitive inhibitors bind away from the activesite, but change the shape of the enzyme so the active

site functions less effectively.

Where does a competitive inhibitor bind and what are the effects? Where does a noncompetitive inhibitor bind

and what are the effects?

3,2

Glycolysis: 2 net ATPPyruvate Oxidation: 0 ATP

Kreb’s Cycle: 2 ATP total (a cycle for each pyruvate)Electron Transport Chain: 26-28 ATP

How many ATPs are made in glycolysis (net), pyruvate oxidation, Kreb’s cycle, and the electron transport

chain?

3,3

Oxygen; Oxygen captures the electrons (it’s very electronegative!) in the very last step of electron

transport, adding a pair of electrons to an oxygen atom and two hydrogen ions, forming water

What is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain and why is this important?

3,4

Light reactions occur in the thylakoids and produce O2

The Calvin Cycle occurs inthe stroma and produces G3P(Glyceraldehyde 3-Phosphate)

Where do light reactions occur in the chloroplasts? Where does the Calvin Cycle occur? What are the

products of each?

4,1

Decrease; In general, any allosteric regulator functions by changing the structure of

the enzyme to either change the ability of the active site to bind the substrate

or to facilitate the chemical reaction.

The binding of an allosteric inhibitor to an enzyme causes the rate of product formation by the enzyme

to_______. Why?

4,2

II; Calvin Cycle

ATP, being the product of photosystem __, is used during the ________ to build one molecule of G3P from

three CO2 molecules

4,3

Deamination; beta-oxidation; because fats are better electron donors than sugars (they have

more hydrogen atoms, which are far less electronegative than oxygen atoms. The

hydrogen atoms won’t “hog” the electronslike oxygen would.

In order for proteins to participate in cellular respiration, the NH3 (amino group) must be removed through

________. In order for fats to participate in cellular respiration, ___________ must take place (the removal

of two carbon molecules at a time). Why do fats produce twice as much ATP as carbohydrates?

4,4

ATP synthase; ATP

Hydrogen ions (H+) built up in the thylakoid compartment after electrons were transferred through the electron transport chain. The hydrogen ions then pump

through the ______ to produce ____

5,1

Chemical energy

Which is the most abundant form of energy in a cell?

-Kinetic energy-Chemical energy

-Heat-Mechanical energy

-Electrochemical gradients

5,2

Endergonic; exergonic

The generation of ATP is an ______ process while the hydrolysis (and release of energy) of ATP is an

________ process.

5,3

In the matrix of mitochondria;1 ATP, 1 FAD2, 2 CO2, 3 NADH

Where does the citric acid cycle occur and what are the products for 1 cycle/1 pyruvate?

5,4

The Calvin cycle requires products only produced when the photosystems are illuminated. (The ATP and NADPH produced

during the light reactions are necessary for the Calvin cycle).

The reactions of the Calvin cycle are not directly dependent on light, but they usually do not occur at

night. Why does this occur??