build your own nas with openmediavault
Post on 19-Feb-2016
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Build your own NAS with OpenMediaVault
Installation
Minimum Requirements
i486 or amd64 platform
1 GiB RAM
2 GiB HDD/DOM/CF/USB Thumb Drive used as OpenMediaVault system drive. Flash Drives
without static wear leveling are not recommended, without it they will have a very short lifetime!
NOTE: The entire disk is used as system disk. The disk can not be used to store user data.
1 HDD for data storage
Info
If you are not able to boot the 0.4 installation media, try to disable the serial port in the BIOS
settings.
OpenMediaVault does not support a data partition on the device where the operation
system is installed. Therefore, please note that the whole disk device is occupied by the operation
system. During the setup the device is parted into a partition used by /root and a swap partition.
All existing data on drive are deleted during installation!
Note before installing: To install OpenMediaVault without problems please disconnect all
harddisks except the one used for the OpenMediaVault operation system. After installing
OpenMediaVault shutdown the system. Then reconnect the drives and restart OpenMediaVault to
finish configuration.
During the installation process, configure the networking (do not choose to configure the
networking later). If the networking isn't configured at this time, you will not be able to access
OpenMediaVault from your webbrowser.
During the installation process the installer automatically checks for newer versions of the
installed packages, so make sure the configured NIC has access to the internet to install the latest
package versions.
Installation media
To install OpenMediaVault download the ISO image. You can burn the ISO to a CDROM or create a
bootable USB stick.
To install the ISO on an USB stick use the following command:
Warning, the dd program has the potential to cause serious data loss if you choose the wrong
device. Make sure you are certain before running the command. If you aren't, please start a thread
in the forums.
sudo dd if=xxx.iso of=/dev/sdX bs=4096
where xxx.iso is the name of the platform-specific ISO that you downloaded, and sdX is the
device name of your USB drive.
For creating the USB drive in Windows, use this program: http://www.chrysocome.net/dd
or this application: http://unetbootin.sourceforge.net/
Follow the instructions on that page in order to find the proper device listing within Windows.
Unable to install GRUB in /dev/sda
1. Select
Continue
in this window and also on the next which says Installation step failed.
2. In the Debian installer main menu (which should have popped up by now), select
Execute a shell
and then
Continue
3. Execute the following commands:
# Chroot.
chroot /target
# Replace [a-z] with the drive you want to install grub to.
# This is normally the drive you've selected to install OpenMediaVault on.
grub-install /dev/sd[a-z]
# Update GRUB.
update-grub
# Exit chroot.
exit
# Exit shell.
exit
4. Select
Continue without boot loader
in the Debian installer main menu and then
Continue
5. It should now continue the installation successfully.
Login information
Once you have installed the system, these are the default access credentials.
WebGUI
User: admin
Password: openmediavault
Client (SSH, console)
User: root
Password: <set during installation>
User
Create, edit and delete users accounts.
Add, Edit, Delete: Add, edit or delete user account.
Username: The account name for the user account.
Comment: Comments to the account.
Email: Email address of the account user
Password: The asociated password
Shell: The default linux shell for the user account
Default: /bin/dash
Groups: The groups the user account is member of
Default: users
Modify account: Disallow the user to modify the account.
Default: not selected
User accounts can also be imported from a list in the format: #
<name>;<uid>;<comment>;<email>;<password>;<group,group,...>;<disallowusermod>
Settings
Specify location of home directory for user acounts.
Enable: select to specify a that a specific location of user home directories should be used. If not
set users home directories are created in the data root.
Default: not selected
Location:The location of the user home directories.
Default: not selected
OpenMediaVault Web GUI default username and password
If you come across a server running OpenMediaVault, and you aren’t sure what the web GUI password
is, give the following a try, as this is the default username and password for OpenMediaVault.
Username: admin
Password: openmediavault
Configuring storage
Getting started
After installing OpenMediaVault (OMV) you’re able to log into the main Web interface to start
configuring your storage space and services. Before you go any further I highly recommend you
change the default Web admin password from ‘openmediavault’ to something a little more secure, and
you can do this under the General settings tab.
Allocating your disks and storage space
Our next task is set up the physical disks we plan to use in OMV. You can use several of these to store
data on if you wish, including SATA/ PATA and USB connected. One great feature is read and write
support for standard NTFS volumes, so if you’re connecting a disk from a windows system there’s no
need to format and start from scratch.
OMV includes built in software RAID support for spanning, mirroring and even striping, so if you have
several drives you want to add together to form a resilient volume, there’s plenty of options there to
tinker with.
To keep things simple, in this instance we’re just going to look at creating a new volume on a dedicated
internal disk that’s already physically connected. In this example I’ll use a 100GB virtual disk.
If we look under Storage > Physical disks we can now see two devices.
The first device (/dev/sda) is the small 8GB virtual drive we’ve used as a home for the OMV
application files. Unfortunately this can’t be used for data storage so using your smallest disk, USB
flash or a small virtual disk (if like me you’re running in a VM environment) is a good idea.
The second device ( /dev/sdb) is our larger 100GB virtual disk that we want to allocate as storage so
I’ll make a note of that ID. Next under Storage > File systems lets create a new file system and mount
it into Linux.
Creating a new file system
First I choose Create > select /dev/sdb and give it the label ‘100GBXFS’. I then choose to format
using the XFS file system (you can choose a different file system if you prefer). Choose OK to format
the disk and once completed click on Mount. Once the disk is mounted you’ll be presented with a
graph showing the available space.
Allocating user storage space
The final step is to create a shared folder on this disk that we can use to store users data on. We do this
under Access rights management > Shared folders. Click on Add to create a new folder.
To keep things simple let’s call it ‘user-folders’, select the volume name ‘100GB-XFS’ that we have
just created and put it in a root folder of the drive ‘\users-folders’. We’ll leave the user rights as default
for the time being.
Once done you should have a new shared folder as per below…
Configuring SSH and Rsync
Setup a user account
The first step is to create a new user that we’ll use to authenticate the remote server and store the
backups under its home folder.
Open Access right management > User and choose Add.
Add a new user using the following details….
I have chosen a username of site1bauser and a strong password, I’ve also made sure the shell used is
changed to ‘/bin/bash’ and that the user is in both the ‘ssh’ and ‘users’
groups.
Next, under the settings tab, enable the user’s home folders and choose the ‘users-folders on
[100GBXFS]’ share.
Choose ‘OK’ to save the changes.
Enable the SSH service
to allow ssh access to the OpenMediaVault server we must enable the service under Services > SSH.
Here you should also tick ‘Enable compression’ to help speed up transfers, then you can click ‘OK’ to
save the changes.
At this point the configuration at the OpenMediaVault end is complete, so all that’s left is to set up the
BackupAssist job to rsync the backup data.
Configuring BackupAssist to run an ‘rsync over SSH’ job
Within the BackupAssist interface, simply set up a new rsync job and at the destination screen enter the
following details…
In this example I’ve used the internal IP address of the OpenMediaVault server, but if you’re
connecting to a remote server over the internet you can use a public IP address and where required, a
NAT port translation on port 22 (SSH) to point to the internal IP of the OpenMediaVault server. Also,
you may notice that I’ve chosen to put the backups in a folder called ‘Backups‘ in the root home
folder. You’ll need to click on ‘Register with the server‘ and’ ‘Test connection’ to register and check
the connection with the SSH server.
Ok, so that’s us all done! You should now be able to run the BackupAssist job to backup the data using
Rsync over SSH.
Just a quick note in case you were wondering – we haven’t needed to configure the OpenMediaVault
rsync service as this is only required for direct and unsecured connections which I generally don’t
recommend you use over the internet.
Accessing your backup data as a Windows SMB/CIFS share
Configuring the SMB/CIFS server
First open Services > SMB/CIFS and enable the service.
You can either leave the workgroup name as default or enter your own workgroup/ domain name if
required.This will help the OpenMediaVault server show up in your windows local network.
Choose ‘OK’ to save the settings then select the ‘Shares‘ tab.
‘
The next step is to name the share ‘user-folders’, enter a relevant comment and select the share folder
‘user-folders [on 100GBXFS]’ from the dropdown menu.
For simplicity we’ll tick the option to allow access without a password and also tick the option to make
the share read only to remove any possibility of accidentally deleting the backups. You can edit this
later to change access rights if required. Once you’ve completed those steps, choose ‘OK‘ to save the
settings.
You should now have a Windows share available to view by using the UNC path of the
OpenMediaServer IP address or hostname as show below.
That completes the setup steps for creating a Windows share so now if you need quick access to a large
quantity of backup data, you can do this quickly and easily by copying them direct to a USB hard drive
for example.
Install OMV-extras plugin
To install on OpenMediaVault 1.x (Kralizec):
From OMV web interface (preferred method)
1. Install all updates from the Update Manager tab.
2. Download the plugin to enable this repository at
http://omv-extras.org/openmediavault-omvextrasorg_latest_all.deb
3. Go to the plugin tab in OMV's web interface.
4. Upload the file.
5. Select the newly uploaded plugin openmediavault-omvextrasorg
6. Click on Install.
7. Refresh page.
8. Go to the plugin tab and click Check.
From command line as root
1. wget http://omv-extras.org/openmediavault-omvextrasorg_latest_all.deb
2. dpkg -i openmediavault-omvextrasorg_latest_all.deb
3. apt-get update
To install on OpenMediaVault 0.5.x (Sardaukar):
From OMV web interface (preferred method)
1. Install all updates from the Update Manager tab.
2. Download the plugin to enable this repository at
http://omv-extras.org/debian/pool/main/o/openmediavault-omvextrasorg/openmediavault-
omvextrasorg_0.6.25_all.deb
3. Go to the plugin tab in OMV's web interface.
4. Upload the file.
5. Select the newly uploaded plugin openmediavault-omvextrasorg
6. Click on Install.
7. Refresh page.
8. Go to the plugin tab and click Check.
From command line as root
1. wget http://omv-extras.org/debian/pool/main/o/openmediavault-omvextrasorg/openmediavault-
omvextrasorg_0.6.25_all.deb
2. dpkg -i openmediavault-omvextrasorg_0.6.25_all.deb
3. apt-get update
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