brain network - thalamocortical motif

Brain NetworksThalamocortical Motif

Speaker : Jimmy LuAdvisor : Hsing Mei

Web Computing Laboratory(WECO Lab)Computer Science and Information Engineering Department

Fu Jen Catholic University

04/12/2023 2WECO Lab, CSIE dept., FJU http://www.weco.net

Outline

Report proposal Background and review Small-world network Scale-free network Reentrant mapping Links, issues, and opinions Future work

04/12/2023 3WECO Lab, CSIE dept., FJU http://www.weco.net

Report Proposal

Thalamocortical motif Polysynatic loop structure Diffuse ascending projection Cognitive science Social networks Collective intelligence Web intelligence

04/12/2023 WECO Lab, CSIE dept., FJU http://www.weco.net

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Background and Review(1/3)

Thalamus process sensory

information as well as relaying it

As a gateway, a switch, or a relay

Reticular nucleus, intralaminar nuclei

04/12/2023 WECO Lab, CSIE dept., FJU http://www.weco.net

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Background and Review(2/3)

Cerebral cortex Brain map Plays a key role

in memory, attention, perceptual awareness, thought, language, and consciousness

Small-world, Scale-free

04/12/2023 WECO Lab, CSIE dept., FJU http://www.weco.net

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Background and Review(3/3)

Reentrant mapping Sensory information

go through the spine cord to the thalamus, and then relay it to the cortical areas

Dynamic core

Thalamocortical radiations

04/12/2023 7WECO Lab, CSIE dept., FJU http://www.weco.net

Small-world network(1/7)

The intermediate region between regular and random

04/12/2023 8WECO Lab, CSIE dept., FJU http://www.weco.net

Small-world network(2/7)

Clustering coefficient and path length

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Small-world network(3/7)

Three examples Film actors Power grid C. elegans

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Small-world network(4/7)

The time to global infection is nearly as short as for a random graph

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Small-world network(5/7)

Small-world in the brain: micro view

04/12/2023 12WECO Lab, CSIE dept., FJU http://www.weco.net

Small-world network(6/7)

Small-world in the brain: macro view

04/12/2023 13WECO Lab, CSIE dept., FJU http://www.weco.net

Small-world network(7/7)

Small-world in the brain Truncated power law Economical(close, cost, conservation) Global efficiency, short cut High degree nodes are less often highly

clustered Isomorphism, patterns of connectivity Robust, less vulnerable, balance

04/12/2023 14WECO Lab, CSIE dept., FJU http://www.weco.net

Scale-free network(1/3)

The problem of ER and WS model The probability with which a new vertex

connects to the existing vertices is not uniform

Most real world networks are open. The number of vertices may increase

04/12/2023 15WECO Lab, CSIE dept., FJU http://www.weco.net

Scale-free network(2/3)

Two mechanisms Networks expand continuously by the

addition of new vertices New vertices attach preferentially to sites

that are already well connected The development of large networks is

governed by robust-organizing phenomena

04/12/2023 16WECO Lab, CSIE dept., FJU http://www.weco.net

Scale-free network(3/3)

Power law distribution Citation of scientific papers Rich-get-richer

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Reentrant mapping(1/3)

Directions Corticocortical Thalamocortical Corticothalamic

Mutual information

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Reentrant mapping(2/3)

Theory of Neuronal Group Selection

04/12/2023 19WECO Lab, CSIE dept., FJU http://www.weco.net

Reentrant mapping(3/3)

Reentrant mapping and consciousness

04/12/2023 20WECO Lab, CSIE dept., FJU http://www.weco.net

Undirected and Directed graph(I/O)? Hubs/weighted graph ? Does a vertex which connect to a hub

increase the probability of being attached?

The region between small-world and scale-free?

Links, issues, and opinions(1/4)

04/12/2023 21WECO Lab, CSIE dept., FJU http://www.weco.net

Links, issues, and opinions(2/4)

Three types of projections and structural, functional, and effective point of view

Micro/macro, local/global Structural-functional relation Reconfiguration, dynamics Is the hypothesis of reentry right?

04/12/2023 22WECO Lab, CSIE dept., FJU http://www.weco.net

Links, issues, and opinions(3/4)

What parameters can be mapped from brain to social networks?

Small-world

Degeneracy?

04/12/2023 23WECO Lab, CSIE dept., FJU http://www.weco.net

What’s the stimulus of social network? What stimulus force the structure of

social networks change? What characteristics should a brain

simulator has? Degeneracy, evolutionary, self-organize,

etc…

Links, issues, and opinions(4/4)

04/12/2023 WECO Lab, CSIE dept., FJU http://www.weco.net

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Reference [1] Ed Bullmore, Olaf Sporns, “Complex brain networks: graph

theoretical analysis of structural and functional systems”, Nature Reviews Neuroscience 10, 186-198 (March 2009)

[2] Duncan J. Watts, Steven H. Strogatz, “Collective dynamics of 'small-world' networks”, Nature 393, 440-442 (4 June 1998)

[3] Albert-László Barabási, Réka Albert, “Emergence of Scaling in Random Networks”, Science 15 October 1999: Vol. 286. no. 5439, pp. 509 – 512

[4] Gerald M. Edelman, “Wider than the Sky: The Phenomenal Gift of Consciousness”, Yale University Press (March 10, 2004)