bioprocess technology,,

BIOPROCESS-PRODUCTION OF INDUSTRIALLY IMPORTANT PRODUCTS&VARIOUSTREATEMENTMETHODS

By SREEREMYA.S

wood decaying fungiChaetomiu

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wood decaying fungiKretzschmaria

deusta

White rot-wood decaying fungi

Brown rot-wood decaying fungi

APPLICATION IN PAPER INDUSTRY

ORGANISMS:PAPER-INDUSTRY,Wood-rotting fungi: a) sapstain ascomycete (Ophiostomaangusticollis) forming dark perithecia with long narrow necksreleasing the ascospores when growing on eucalypt (E. globulus)wood; and b) white-rot basidiomycete (Phlebia chrysocrea) formingyellow-colored effused basidioma on wood (Laurelia philipiana)

Schematic representation of the molecular structures ofenzymes of interest for pitch biocontrol: a Candida rugosa lipase-2(PDB entry 1GZ7) forming a multienzymatic complex (Mancheno etal. 2003); and b Trametes versicolor laccase (PDB entry 1GYC)showing the catalytic coppers as blue spheres (Piontek et al. 2002).Regions with different secondary structure corresponding to helices(red) and β-sheets (yellow) are indicated

DIARY INDUSTRY

DIARY INDUSTRY

Small-scale leather processing inMorocco(INITIAL-STAGE)

TANNING-PROCESS:LEAHER-INDUSTRY

SUBMERGED-FERMENTATION

PRODUCTION:PENICILLIN&TYPES

PODBIELNAK

LARGE SCALE PRODUCTION OF A PRODUCT

Ascorbic acid-vitamin C

SINGLE CELL PROTEINS

SCP are dried cells of micro organisms which can be used as dietary protein supplement.

MICRO ORGANISMS

COMPOSITON

FUNGI ALGAE YEAST BACTERIA

PROTEIN 30- 40 % 40- 60 % 45- 55 % 50- 65 %

FAT 9-14 % 8-10 % 5-10 % 3-7 %

NUCLEIC ACID

7-10 % 3-8 % 6-12 % 8-12 %

•Micro-organisms used are fungi , yeast, algae & bacteria.•The following table shows average different compositions of main groups of micro– organisms (% dry wt.)

A list of the micro-organisms used for SCP productionFungi Aspergillus fumigatus Aspergillus niger Rhizopus cyclopium Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisae Candida tropicalis Candida utilis Algae Spirulina sps. Chlorella pyrenoidosa Chondrus crispus Bacteria Pseudomonas fluroescens Lactobacillus Bacillus megaterium

FUNGI YEAST

BACTERIAALGAE

Algal Biomass

Bacterial & Fungal biomass

Yeast biomass

Schematic of a typical wastewater treatment plant

Activated sludge system

Activated sludge system

RBC

Rotating biological contactors preceded by pre-treatment and followed by secondary sedimentation

Rotating biological contactor

Rotating Biological Contactor (RBC) Process

anaerobic biological waste treatment methods

Trickling Filter

Immobilized Enzyme SystemsEnzyme Immobilization:

To restrict enzyme mobility in a fixed space.

Immobilized Enzyme Systems

Entrapment - Matrix Entrapment - Membrane

Entrapment

(microencapsulation)

Surface immobilization

Physical Adsorption: Van der Waals Carriers: silica, carbon nanotube, cellulose, etc. Easily desorbed, simple and cheap, enzyme activity unaffected.

- Ionic Binding: ionic bonds Similar to physical adsorption. Carriers: polysaccharides and synthetic polymers having ion-exchange centers

Cross-linking

Immobilized Enzyme Reactors

Recycle packed column reactor: - allow the reactor to operate at high fluid velocities.

THANK YOU

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