biochemistry remediation review
Post on 15-Feb-2016
38 Views
Preview:
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
Biochemistry Remediation Review
Water Science• Properties of Water• Polar: HAS A NORTH
AND SOUTH POLE.• Has 2 positive charges
(on H) and 1 negative side (on O)
• Hydrophobic: water FEARS non-polar molecules. STAYS AWAY. (e.g. oils and fats don’t mix with water)
• Hydrophilic: water LOVES other POLAR molecules.
• Water exhibits• Adhesion: water sticks
to surfaces• Cohesion: water sticks
to itself• Capillary Action: water
moves against gravity
SOLUTIONS• SOLUTE + SOLVENT= SOLUTION
• Solute: what is being dissolved in the solution• Solvent: what is doing
the dissolving in the solution
• Water is known as the universal solvent.
Organic Molecules• Molecules that MUST contain the element carbon• May also contain H, O, N, P• Are found in the organic macromolecules (carbohydrates,
lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids)
Macromolecules- Carbohydrates
• Carbohydrates• Monomer:
monosaccharides• Two carbs: disaccharide• Many: Polymer name:
Polysaccharides• Function: Used for
immediate energy• Ex: Starches, glycogen,
fructose, sucrose, maltose
Macromolecules- Lipids• Building blocks: 3
fatty acids and 1 glycerol• Polymer: Triglyceride• Function: Energy
reserves, insulation, protection
Macromolecules- Proteins• Monomer: amino acid• Carboxyl group• Amino group• R side chain (can change)• Two amino acids:
DIpeptidePolymer: Polypeptide (protein)Function: cell repair and growth, growth of hair, skin, nails, makes up enzymes
Macromolecules- Nucleic Acids• Monomer:
nucleotide• Phosphate, sugar,
nitrogen base
Polymer: DNA/RNAHolds and transmits genetic (hereditary) information
How do these molecules bond together and break apart?• Dehydration Synthesis (Condensation): two monomers (or
building blocks) come together with the removal of water= CONDENSE AND BOND forms polymers
• Hydrolysis: polymers break with the ADDITION OF WATER to form monomers
Animation Review• http://nhscience.lonestar.edu/biol/dehydrat/dehydrat.html
Enzymes• Enzymes are protein molecules• Enzymes can be reused again• Enzymes help to speed up
biochemical reactions in living things
• Enzymes lower the activation energy therefore speeding up the biochemical reaction
• Use the lock and key or induced fit model to carry out biochemical reaction
• Enzymes are influenced by pH, temperature, amount of substrate and enzyme present. Enzymes can be denatured (damaged)if not placed in the correct environment.
Student Resources• REFER TO SPECIFIC PPT SLIDES PRESENTATIONS ON TEACHER
WEBPAGE FOR SPECIFIC COMPREHENSIVE CONTENT INFORMATION TAUGHT DURING THIS UNIT
top related