bim conversion & analysis workshop: story of the i-35w bridge collapse

Participants

Raj Banga, DBI Architects

Dean Hintz, Safe Software

Lutz Ross, Virtual City Systems

Alex Karman, Revolutionary Machines

FME Capabilities

Transform Data to Use and Share

Convert spatial data between hundreds of formats

Transform spatial data into the precise data model you need

Integrate multiple different data types into a single data model

Share spatial data with people where, when and how they need it

Translation

FME supports reading from a wide array of data formats and types:

• 300+ formats, with more added each year

• CAD, GIS, raster, database, web, non-spatial, 3D

Transformation

Move data between formats and systems

Restructure data models and schemas

• Geometry

• Attributes

• Coordinate systems and projections

Example

• Derive new attribute values or construct geometry

PointConnector

transformer

Current FME 3D Formats

• Adobe 3D PDF

• LAS / LAZ

• Autodesk 3ds

• AutoCAD Civil 3D

• AutoCAD DWG/DXF/RealDWG

• Bentley Microstation

• CityGML 2.0, ADEs

• COLLADA

• DirectX X File

• Esri ArcGIS Layer

• Esri Geodatabase

• Free File Geodatabase API • NetCDF • Esri Shape

• Google SketchUp, KML

• IFC

• LandXML

• Oracle Spatial Object

• Oracle Spatial Point Cloud

• Point Cloud XYZ

• Pointools POD

• Presagis Openflight

• Revit

• VRML

• Wavefront OBJ

• XML / GML

3D Formats

CAD VECTOR RASTER DATABASE BIM/3D WEB POINT CLOUD

FME Tools for Tackling 3D

Format translation

Database loading and extraction

GML, XML and web service support

Schema mapping

Geometry model conversion (e.g. solid to mesh)

Geometry transformation

Geometry validation

Complex geometry support, hierarchical

Reprojection, geo-referencing, vertical datums

Turn This…

…Into This

Google Sketchup

IFC: Industry Foundation Classes

Point Clouds / LIDAR

http://www.fmepedia.com/index.php/Category:Dmitris_Point_Cloud_Lab

Why extract info from BIM?

Visualization

Views (Floor plans) Routing

Analysis

University of Washington Workflows

Projects

Updates

Geometry

Update

Automated

Linked System

For Administration,

Operations, and

Maintenance CAD/BIM

Life Safety Record Documents

EH&S Space Inventory

Security Room Scheduling

FM Systems

Changes

CAD/BIM

Changes

Aaron Cheuvront CAD/GIS Program Manager UW Capital Projects Office - Information Systems

HOK Scenarios.

Greg Schleusner Director of BuildingSMART Innovation

Christopher Zoog BuildingSMART team member

Model checking

Hierarchical DWG export

Intelligent PDF export

Enterprise wide sharing

Distribution: 3DPDF, KML, GeoDB, OBJ

CityGML: Motivation

An increasing number of cities and companies are building virtual 3D city models

Different application areas: E.g. Urban planning, disaster management, navigation, environmental simulations

Graphical or geometric models are limited to visualisation purposes

Growing need for Semantic Models to satisfy: thematic queries, analysis, spatial data mining

Reusability -> costs reduction

CityGML: Motivation

(C) by T.H. Kolbe

CityGML: What is it?

CityGML is a data model and exchange format for virtual 3d city models

Modeling of all relevant parts of the virtual city according to their semantics, geometry, topology and appearance

GML 3 application schema (XML based)

CityGML | Characteristics

Multi-Scale Modelling [Level of Detail] From landscape to interior model

LOD 0 – Regional model

LOD 1 – City model

LOD 2 – City model with roof structure

LOD 3 – Detailed architecture

LOD 4 – Interior Model

Source: slide from: Christian Dahmen, conterra

CityGML | Characteristics

External References Refer to external data sources containing additional data

Appearance (Textures)

Application Domain Extensions (ADE) E.g. Noise, Energy, INSPIRE

Generic city objects and attributes

Source: slide from: Christian Dahmen, conterra

Thematic modules

Building

CityFurniture

Relief

Transportation

Vegetation WaterBody

Tunnel

Bridge

CityObjectGroup

Read and Write CityGML up to version 2.0

Support for any arbitrary ADE’s E.g. INSPIRE, Dutch IMGeo, Noise

FME supports

All thematic modules

Level of Detail (LoD 0-4)

Generic objects and attributes

Non-spatial data / metadata

Reprojection

FME's support for CityGML

FME Support for CityGML

Reader Driven by CityGML Schema

One FME Feature Type per CityGML class (object)

Reading CityGML

Typical CityGML Workflows

Data Inspection and Evaluation

CityGML model generation

Creating LODs

3D data generation from 2D

•2.5D draping

•3D extrusion

Database loading

BIM to GIS

Export to distribution formats (PDF / KML)

Add CityGML specific attributes and geometry properties

Format Attribute citygml_lod_name

lodxSolid[1..4], lodxMultiSurface[2..4], lodxGeometry[0..5]

Build relationship between features

Example: 'Building' address 'Address'

Use gml_id and gml_parent_id for relation

Format Attribute citygml_feature_role

CityGML Model entities by FME feature types

Manually define or import CityGML entities

Import entities from an existing CityGML dataset

Writing CityGML: Basics

<bldg:Building gml:id="UUID_13d7d225>

<bldg:boundedBy>

<bldg:WallSurface gml:id="UUID_50d7d286">

<bldg:opening>

<bldg:Window gml:id="UUID_86e6b220">

</bldg:Window>

</bldg:WallSurface>

<bldg:RoofSurface gml:id="UUID_535118a1">

</bldg:RoofSurface>

<bldg:GroundSurface gml:id="UUID_5350147b">

</bldg:GroundSurface>

</bldg:Building>

</cityObjectMember>

</CityModel>

Writing CityGML: Sample

IFC to CityGML Workspace

Geometry transform, schema mapping and geo-referencing

IFC to CityGML Result

CityGML Writing Transformers

filtering, id generation,

configuring geometry model

Revit to CityGML: Leesburg Courthouse Square

Real World CityGML Models

EU INSPIRE ADE

Netherlands IMGeo 3D ADE, Geonovum

Environmental Noise Directive

Statewide LoD1 & LoD2 Buildings in Germany

Sultanate of Bahrain, National 3D cadastre

Singapore is evaluating CityGML as national 3D standard

Further examples include Paris, Vienna, Brussels, Innsbruck, …

GeometryValidator for 3D

• Checks for solids with inverted faces, dangling surfaces, unsealed solids, etc

• Flag errors with meaningful attributes and geometric locations of the errors

• Chain multiple validators to isolate problems of interest (e.g 2d before 3d)

• Repair option for 3D surfaces and solids

GeometryValidator Transformer

FME Server Data Distribution: 3DPDF, KML/COLLADA

Summary

FME support for 3D & CityGML workflows: • Reading & writing CityGML and ADE’s • Translation to / from other 2D or 3D

format • Transformation of schema and geometry • Validation of schema, geometry and

semantics • Automation and enterprise services

Publication of 3D data and analysis services

We live in a Physical World

• We live in a physical world

• We identify with physical objects

• Engineered structures are the focal point

and jumping off point for all of the

information needed by all of the roles that

interact with that structure

• What is the value of this new paradigm?

How the New Paradigm Changes

Things

• Reduce Costs

• Reduce Time

• Do things we Couldn’t

do Before

• Make Information

Accessible to More

People

• Empower Business

Owners and Subject

Matter Experts

• Fewer licenses, less technical

• Avoid coordinated schema

changes and software releases

• Real time updates, sensor

integration, inferencing

• Easily merge and match any

data related to an engineered

structure

• Directly translate business

concepts into IT concepts

available on the Internet

backbone

A Universal Index

of the Physical World

• By treating CityGML as a 3D index to external databases, rather than as data, we can associate at least a million times more data with any structure modeled in CityGML

• By embedding RDF URIs in CityGML as semantic links to external semantic databases, we can create an agile, egalitarian, low-cost, and multidisciplinary uber-database, accessible to everyone over HTTP (no schemas, data models, release cycles, protocols, interfaces, etc.)

• RDF URIs are unambiguous references to things – no more “is this field in this database the same thing as that field in that database?” issues

• No more field formats, codelists, Entity Catalogs, Feature Classes

• Data is actionable the instant it is discovered, without the intervention of specifications and release cycles

• CityGML becomes a Universal Index of the Physical World

Nutshell: Don’t insert your data, insert URIs to your data!

The Value Proposition

Of the Universal Index

• Engineering design tools like Revit will not have to become increasingly bloated to accommodate more and more “ancillary” data

• The data can be managed and kept current by subject matter experts

• Cooperation without coordination – merge and match information easily

• M2M “spiders” and “crawlers” can construct a sophisticated business context around the data and generate unique data products

The Power of the Universal Index

• The NTSB collected 34 DVDs and 5,400 pages of documents for this incident.

• You would not want to embed hyperlinks in CityGML for all of the documents.

• You would not want to cram all that ancillary data in an engineering design tool like Revit, either!

• Instead, you want to link the bridge to the documents, not the documents to the bridge

• This establishes a context.

• This can scale exponentially.

What We will Demonstrate

On August 1, 2007, the I-35W bridge in Minneapolis collapsed into the Mississippi River.

The NTSB collected over 5000 pages of documents and 34 DVDs of digital data on the accident.

This makes the bridge an excellent example to demonstrate that using CityGML as an index and embedding URIs in it scales much better (to Big Data scale) than storing hyperlinks and data in the BIM model itself.

What We Did for the Workshop:

the Original Bridge

1. We built a digital BIM model of the bridge in Revit off of the original 1965 blueprints.

2. We transformed it into CityGML in FME Desktop.

3. We ontologized a substantial portion of the available documentary evidence.

4. We added URIs for the bridge ad eight of its components to the CityGML model.

5. We prepared exercises that use the SPARQL query language to explore the data relationships

6. We demonstrated that using the CityGML model as an index scales better and builds a richer business context than inserting hyperlinks and data into the model.

What We Did for Workshop:

the New Bridge

• We also ontologized the Federal Highway Association’s Inspection Record for the replacement bridge (from an ASCII flat file into RDF).

• The National Bridge Inventory contains a yearly record for each of 300,000 bridges in the US.

• Each record contains 116 fields of data.

• We prepared SPARQL exercises to demonstrate the Universal Index approach provides context around otherwise stove-piped data sources like ASCII flat files and spreadsheets.

Tools Used in the Workshop

• Protégé – Visualize (and edit) ontologies

• Jena ARQ – perform SPARQL queries

• VirtualCityMap– Visualize CityGML and access embedded semantic links

• FME Desktop – Convert BIM to CityGML

• Revit – Visualize (and edit) bridge BIM

• Installation instructions are on the Rev-Mac Blog

I-35 Bridge Workflow: Revit to linked CityGML

1. Bridge BIM created in Revit by DBI Architects

2. Revit Extension - FME Exporter - creates .rvz file

3. FME Workspace: Revit .rvz to CityGML conversion with embedded component uri’s

4. VirtualCitySystems imports CityGML into their 3D City Database

5. RevMac – uses linked data tools / rdf to analyze embedded component data

DBIA - Raj

DBI Architects, Inc.

• Washington DC Metro Area • Commercial Interiors

• Private Sector

• Public Sector

(Security and Intelligence Agencies)

• Institutional Sectors

• Architecture

• Planning

• Emphasizing Design Technology • Early Adopters of CAD and BIM Technology

• 90% of projects in Autodesk Revit Architecture

• Integrating with BIM clients, partners, and vendors

• Focused on future use of BIM technology for use in A/E/C/O

The Model

Is ‘geometric representation of the original scanned construction document blueprints from 1965 All bridge ‘components’, (ie: concrete pilings, trusses, gusset plates, road surface, etc) were modeled utilizing Autodesk’s Revit Architecture platform. No structural calculations or algorithms were ‘re-engineered’ within this digital model. Intent for this exploration was not to digitally ‘re-construct’ each and every component, but to have a ‘geometric representation’ Building Information Model (BIM) to which we would illustrate how to externally link semantic data.

Creating the Digital I35W Bridge

I-35 Bridge in Revit

Facts About the I35W Bridge Construction began in 1965 – completed in 1967 Bridge collapse occurred on Aug 1, 2007 Over 1900 feet long 14 spans – 11 ‘Approach’ Spans (5 South, 6 North) 3 Main Spans The 3 Main spans are “Deck-Truss” construction (Structural steel beams support the roadway deck) 9 of the North and South spans are “Multi-Girder Steel” (Concrete supported by steel I-beams) 2 of the North and South spans were simple Concrete slab Center span is one single 458-foot steel arch truss with two concrete support piers on the North and South River banks. All other spans were 266 feet in length and were connected to the approach spans by a 38-foot cantilever Each support pier had two load-bearing concrete pylons at either side capped with roller bearings. Concrete roadway deck was approx. 113 feet wide and approx. 115 feet above the river Failure Point – U10 Gusset Plate

FME workflows: BIM to CityGML

I-35 Bridge Workflow: Revit to linked CityGML

1. Bridge BIM created in Revit by DBI Architects

2. Revit Extension - FME Exporter - creates .rvz file

3. FME Workspace: Revit .rvz to CityGML conversion with embedded component uri’s

4. VirtualCitySystems imports CityGML into their 3D City Database

5. RevMac – uses linked data tools / rdf to analyze embedded component data

Revit to CityGML Demo: FME Workspace

Read Revit .rvz file (from Revit->addins->FME Exporter)

Georeference / reproject

Schema mapping (feature type, attributes)

Set IDs to define object hierarchies

Set CityGML LOD and Role (lod4MultiSurface)

Add external references (uri’s)

Remove rivets

Write CityGML features

Revit to CityGML Workspace

I35 Bridge CityGML: Data Inspector

Faulty Gusset Plate with URIs

Virtual City Map Viewer

Conversion Challenges

• BIM too complex for most GIS applications

• Geo-referencing

• File size – instanced geometries (rivets)

• Schema mapping • which source feature types match citygml ones

• find citygml feature types that are compatible across

tools (VCS CityGML 1.0)

• External reference insertion

Conversion Solutions

• FME RVZ reader allows data view selection to limit

complexity

• Offset transformers to align data

• FME enhancements • performance and stability improvements

• 64 bit FME improves scalability

• Limit to CityGML 1.0 feature types for now

• Use VolumeCalculator to find, remove rivets

• Creation and insertion of external references

virtualcitySYSTEMS GmbH

CityGML Experts • Consulting

• Training

• Software Solutions

• Vice-chair of the OGC

CityGML SWG

FME Experts • 3D data transformations (to and from CityGML)

• FME training on CityGML/3D data

Why CityGML?

Urban Information Modeling

…is far more than the 3D visualization of reality

Geometry and its visual appearance is only one aspect of a real-world entity

Key issue: Semantic modelling

However: 3D City models are still often seen as being identical with 3D graphics models e.g., KML/COLLADA, 3DS, 3D PDF, etc.

Exploring the I-35W Bridge

Key ideas:

• Database backend

• Web-based interface

• Link the bridge model to resources from the

• Distributing/Sharing the data

Solution

Live Demonstration

Alex Part II

After VirtualCityMap Demo

It’s All About Context

• OK, you hyperlinked a document to a CityGML architectural component. Great!

• How do people understand your link in context?

• File naming convention?

• Annotation?

• Metadata schema?

• Thousand of elements, mostly null!

Answer: Use URIs, not hyperlinks!

Similar Data Files, Minimal Context:

Easy to forget origin, author

The Universal Index of the Physical World

IS Big Data for Urban Life!

Imagine billions of URIs in this picture, pointing to quintillions of triples!!!

CityGML as an Index of URIs

Universal Index of the Physical World

• Agility (effortless merging and matching) • Cooperation without Coordination

• Anyone Can say Anything About Anything (“AAA”)

• Polymorphism and “sets, not templates”

• Reduced Costs • Text over HTTP: the Internet Backbone

• Fewer (or no) software licenses

• Fewer gatekeepers (DBAs, Enterprise Architects)

• Disambiguation • URIs

• No stove-piped documents

• No more “Does X exist?”

• No more “I found Y. What is it about?”

Scalability (Big Data for 3D Urban Life)

Metcalfe’s Law

Metcalfe's law states that the value of a telecommunications network is proportional to the square of the number of

connected users of the system (n2).

The Wheat (Rice) and the Chessboard

18,446,744,073,709,551,615 grains (Mt Everest)

The Wiseman asks as

reward for his service

to the Emperor to put

one grain of rice in the

first square on a

chessboard

And double the

number of

grains in each

succeeding

square

Results in 2^63

grains!

Ray Kurzweil’s

“Second Half of the Chessboard”

Big Data

Database

Attributes

Computer

Is on the

Network

Is the

Computer

CodeList

Feature

Classes

Linked Open Data Cloud

31 Billion Triples in 2011 (last time counted)

The Bridge

in the Linked Open Data Cloud The bridge component

URIs can semantically

link to billions of

triples!

Why Use a Linked Data Solution?

The amount of data a software engineering design tool can hold (and how much you could learn to access through menu options)

The amount of data a linked data solution can hold (potentially a billion times more!)

Benefits

• Constantly Updated • Include/add comments

• Add comments to comments

(allow for discussion threads) • Attach correspondence, history,

conversations

Linked Open Data Principles

• Use URIs to denote things.

• Use HTTP URIs so that these things can be referred to and looked up ("dereferenced") by people and user agents.

• Provide useful information about the thing when its URI is dereferenced, leveraging standards such as RDF, SPARQL.

• Include links to other related things (using their URIs) when publishing data on the Web.

LOD Principles in Action

• DBPedia URI for Bridge

• A Uniform Resource Identifier for the bridge

• http://dbpedia.org/resource/I-35W_Mississippi_River_bridge

• DBPedia URL for RDF data for the bridge

• A static file containing RDF triples about the bridge

• http://dbpedia.org/data/I-35W_Mississippi_River_bridge.n3

• Wikipedia URL for Bridge

• A human-readable HTML document

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I-35W_Mississippi_River_bridge

• DBPedia Sparql Endpoint

• Client must submit a SPARQL query

• http://dbpedia.org/sparql?q=“SELECT…”

An engineered structure is at the center of a large

network of people who interact with it, each with

different roles, responsibilities, abilities, and data

Contractors and Inspectors

Architects and Engineers

Building Owners/Facility Managers

Tenants/Occupants/Users

Engineered Structures Provide a Central Focal Point to Related Information

Software Tools and Data Sources Should Be Tied to Their Corresponding Engineered Structures

A software design and management tool should

also be at the focus of this large network

Contractors and Inspectors

Architects and Engineers

Building Owners/Facility Managers

Tenants/Occupants/Users

Why it can Scale Infinitely

URI URI

ONTOLOGY

Subject Matter Experts

Constantly

updated and

managed by

To Linked Data Sets

No Release Cycle

CityGML as Index

Database

Analytics

Workflow

Transportation

E-Health

Utilities

Homeland

Security

Energy

Public Safety

Maintenance/mgm

Earth Sciences

URI URI

Tourism

• Wizard driven architecture

• Connects role-specific clouds of information

• All intersect in an engineered structure

To-Be Architecture

• Engineering design

• Browser based

• Server side and desktop software

Tools Domains

(Card Catalog)

Each entry in the card catalog points to a much larger collection of words (an entire book)

URI Objects let us link much more data!

A l e x

Subject

No “context”

for “Donuts”

Recipe Info

Ingredients

Nutritional Info

Market Share Info

Triples Were Born To Point to Other Things Across the Internet

Predicate

Literal

D o n u t s

Object

A l e x

Subject

Predicate

D o n u t s

Object

Likes Much larger “context”

for “Donuts”!

SPARQL Commands

Bring Internet Resources to Your Desktop

DESCRIBE

Returns triples

SELECT

Returns bound variables (as text, JSON or XML)

ASK – perfect for alerts

Returns true/false

CONSTRUCT – perfect for sensors Returns a graph of your own design

List of Public Ontologies

That Help Link Other Ontologies

• VOID • describes links between data sets

• SIOC (pronounced “shock”) • describes software projects

• SourceForge, github, Maven, etc use it

• FOAF • describes “friend of a friend”

• Used on thousands of websites; drupal module too.

• Dublin Core • describes documents and the people related to them

• Author, publisher, contributor etc.

What Rev-Mac is Doing with CityGML and

• Create wizard driven architecture that

automates the creation of URIs in 3D

engineering software

• Create wizard driven architecture that

explores URIs, in 3D engineering software

• Create wizard driven architecture that allows

people to edit, manage and add semantic

links in 3D engineering software

The Power of RDF Context:

Google Hit List v. Google Rich Snippets

Search “Lenses”

Web pages have no RDF in them

Google returns simple hit list

Movie sites have RDF embedded in their web

pages (ignored by your browser)

Google returns awesome showtime chart!

Search “Movies at Reston Town Center”

The Power of RDF:

Note the “callout box” on the right

Exercise 07:

Describe Bridge from DBPedia

Exercise 07 Return: Thousands of Triples!

(This is just a snippet showing the Callout Box)

Just the triples that make the “Callout Box” are shown. Triples in many languages!

NS: As-Is Software Lifecycle

Not Agile, Release-Bound)

Polymorphism:

What Else Could this Bridge Be?

• Bridge

• Structure

• Construction Project

• Disaster

• Asset

• Source of Noise Pollution

• Job Creator

• Infrastructure

• Evacuation Route

• Highway Segment

• Historical Monument

• Hazardous Area (Pedestrian-Free Zone)

• EPA Site A Feature Class/Entity Catalog/Code List nightmare!!!!

Polymorphism:

I am a…

• Son

• Husband

• Employee

• Owner

• Director

• Licensed Driver

• Licensed Ham

• All of these could be asserted on different sites

• RDF was made for this situation. Object oriented programming and relational databases were not!

Polymorphism: "Cooperation Without Coordination"

Classes

---------

owl:NamedIndividual owl:Thing

<http://dbpedia.org/ontology/ArchitecturalStructure>

<http://umbel.org/umbel/rc/Bridge> <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/RouteOfTransportation>

<http://umbel.org/umbel/rc/Building>

<http://www.opengis.net/gml/_Feature> <http://schema.org/Place>

<http://dbpedia.org/ontology/Place>

<http://www.w3.org/2003/01/geo/wgs84_pos#SpatialThing>

<http://dbpedia.org/ontology/Wikidata:Q532> <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/Bridge> <http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/d0.owl#Location>

<http://dbpedia.org/ontology/Infrastructure>

DBPedia recognizes 14 classes for the original bridge

Six are from other websites. No need to exchange

schemas.

A Tale of Two Bridges

• The Original Bridge

• Bridge

• Collapse Event

• Finite Element Analyses

• Documentary Evidence

• Force Summary

Spreadsheet

• The New Bridge

Gets Inspected

Annually

• Bridge

• Inspection Event

• National Bridge

Inventory Record

• 116 Observations

Has Design Element Design Element

Field Report

Bridge

Bridge Component

Blueprint

FEA FEA . . .

Ontology: The Old Bridge

Gusset Plate

Design Element

Analysis Element

MT Guide

Nat’l Bridge Inventory Record

Nat’l Bridge Inspection

Record

Civil Engineering

Structure

Bridge

Observation

Ontology: The New Bridge

Belongs to Bridge

Has Value

Protégé Class View

(“Truss” Selected)

Note that there are 7 Individual Trusses modeled (the purple diamonds)

Individuals View

(“Collapse” Shown)

Individuals View

(“Bridge_Original_9340” Shown)

FEA Force Summary Spreadsheet

(We ontologized it)

Become “AnalyticalElement” and “DesignElement” classes, hasFx etc Data Properties

Individuals View

(AnalyticalElement Shown)

“DesignElements” are very similar. We can summarize As-Built/Failed!!

Force Summary

(Turn it back into a spreadsheet)

Return: Spreadsheet

As-designed and as-failed Loads

Compare these values to the original Excel spreadsheet

But as RDF graph data it has context (bridge, author, date, FEA, Final Report, etc.)

National Bridge Inventory

Website

(ASCII files are available on this site)

NBI Encoding Guide

(We ontologized it)

The ontologized document is now part of a much larger context

We can turn

spreadsheets into RDF

object graphs and vice-

But only as an RDF

object graph can the

data become part of a

larger context

Alex - Review

• Our Team has Developed the answer to Integrating static objects with continuous updates from the web

• CityGML is the standard of the future and we are at the forefront of building a virtual world that is live

• Our world is complex – Rev-Mac can link it live

• What’s Next – Transitioning live models to Augmented Reality !

• Join us on our web site www.rev-mac.com

• http://www.rev-mac.com/bridge_workshop/index.html

Summary

• CityGML - Ideal for 3D modeling and data exchange

• FME – Ideal tool to support 3D & CityGML with conversion, transformation and automation

• 3D BIM data, once exported via CityGML, opens up a wide array of uses and applications

• Transforming the I-35 Bridge from BIM to CityGML with embedded uri’s frees BIM for many more uses

• CityGML as a universal index of the physical world

• Don’t insert your data, insert URIs to your data

• Linked models allow better management of complex infrastructure and its risks

Contacts

Raj: RBanga@dbia.com

Lutz: lross@virtualcitysystems.de

Alex: alex.karman@rev-mac.com

Dean: dean@safe.com

www.dbia.com

Virtual City Systems

www.virtualcitysystems.de

Revolutionary Machines

www.rev-mac.com

Safe Software

www.safe.com

Resources

Virtual City Systems Demo

http://hosting.virtualcitysystems.de/demos/interstate-35bridge/

FME Readers & Writers (CityGML Tutorial)

http://docs.safe.com/fme/reader_writerPDF/citygml.pdf

CityGML specifications

http://opengeospatial.org/standards/citygml

CityGML.org (Thomas Kolbe, etc)

www.citygml.org/fileadmin/citygml/docs/CityGML_Tutorial_Kolbe_Internet.pdf

Safe.com

http://safe.com/solutions/for-data-types/3d/

FMEPedia

http://fmepedia.safe.com/topic/3D

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