benin - data.unicef.org · selected statistics on women’s status 7% of women aged 20 to 24 years...
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SELECTED STATISTICS ON WOMEN’S STATUS
7% of women aged 20 to 24 years weremarried or in union before age 15
26% of women aged 20 to 24 years weremarried or in union before age 18
19% of women aged 20 to 24 years havegiven birth before age 18
36%of women aged 15 to 49 years thinkthat a husband/partner is justified inhitting or beating his wife undercertain circumstances
54%of women aged 15 to 49 years makeuse of at least one type of informationmedia at least once a week (newspaper,magazine, television or radio)
Source: MICS 2014
Female genital mutilation (FGM) refers to “all procedures involving partial or total removal of the female external genitalia or other injury to the female genital organs for non-medical reasons.”1
While the exact number of girls and women worldwide who have undergone FGM remains unknown, at least 200 million girls and women have been cut in 31 countries with representative data on prevalence. FGM is a violation of girls’ and women’s human rights and is condemned by many international treaties and conventions, as well as by national legislation in many countries. Yet, where it is practised FGM is performed in line with tradition and social norms to ensure that girls are socially accepted and marriageable, and to uphold their status and honour and that of the entire family. UNICEF works with government and civil society partners towards the elimination of FGM in countries where it is still practised.
1. World Health Organization, Eliminating Female Genital Mutilation: An interagency statement, WHO,UNFPA, UNICEF, UNIFEM, OHCHR, UNHCR, UNECA, UNESCO, UNDP, UNAIDS, WHO, Geneva, 2008, p. 4.
STATISTICAL PROFILE ON FEMALE GENITAL MUTILATION
BENIN
2003 National decree/legislation banningFGM passed
© UNICEF/UNI144402/Asselin
Data and Analytics SectionDIVISION OF DATA, ANALYTICS, PLANNING AND MONITORING
WHEN AND HOW IS FGM PERFORMED?
Most adolescent girls who underwent FGM did so between the ages of 5 and 14
Notes: The boundaries and the names shown and the designations used on the map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. Only categories with 25 or more unweighted cases are presented. Due to rounding, some of the data presented may not add up to 100 per cent. Due to rounding, some of the data presented may not add up to 100 per cent. Data on prevalence of FGM among daughters of mothers who say it depends/are not sure are based on 25-49 unweighted cases. Prevalence data for girls aged 0 to 14 reflect their current, but not final, FGM status since some girls who have not been cut may still be at risk of experiencing the practice once they reach the customary age for cutting. Therefore, the data on prevalence for girls under age 15 is actually an underestimation of the true extent of the practice. Since age at cutting varies among settings, the amount of underestimation also varies and this should be kept in mind when interpreting all FGM prevalence data for this age group. Percentage distributions of girls aged 0 to 14 years are based on small denominator. ‘Health personnel’ includes doctors, nurses, midwives and other health workers; ‘Traditional practitioner’ includes traditional circumcisers, traditional birth attendants and other types of traditional practitioners.
Source for all charts on this page: MICS 2014, unless otherwise noted.
Percentage distribution of girls aged 15 to 19 years who have undergone FGM, by age at which cutting occurred
Percentage distribution of girls aged 0 to 14 years who have undergone FGM (as reported by their mothers), according
to the type of person/practitioner performing the procedure
Percentage distribution of girls aged 0 to 14 years who have undergone FGM (as reported by their mothers),
by type of FGM performed
HOW WIDESPREAD IS THE PRACTICE?
In Benin, important variations in prevalence can be found by region and ethnic groups
Percentage of girls and women aged 15 to 49 years who have undergone FGM, by department
Percentage of girls and women aged 15 to 49 years who have undergone FGM, by ethnicity, residence and household wealth quintile
10% - 25%
26% - 50%
51% - 80%
Less than 10%
Above 80%9
49
0.113
516
20
20
40
60
80
100
RuralEthnic groupwith lowest prevalence
Ethnic group with highest prevalence
Total Urban Poorest Richest
Percentage of girls aged 0 to 14 years who have undergone FGM (as reported by their mothers), by residence, mother’s education and household wealth quintile
Among daughters of cut girls and women, the percentage of girls aged 0 to 14 years who have undergone FGM (as reported by their mothers),
by mothers’ attitudes about whether the practice should continue
0
10
20
30
40
50
RichestPoorestPrimary complete
No education
UrbanRuralTotal
0.1 0.10.1 0.1 0.0
Secondaryor higher
0 0.3 0.10
10
20
30
40
50
Daughters whosemothers say it
depends/are not sure
Daughters whosemothers think
FGM should stop
Daughters whosemothers think FGMshould continue
400.5
0-4 years
5-9 years
10-14 years
15+ yearsDon’t know/Missing
413 0 353
0 20 40 60 80 100
Source: DHS 2011-12 Source: DHS 2011-12
6
94
0
Traditionalpractitioner
Health personnel
Don’t know/missing
All other types
Sewn closed4258
WHAT ARE THE PREVAILING ATTITUDES TO WARDS FGM?
Support for the continuation of FGM in Benin is low and most women do not see any benefit to the practice
Percentage of girls and women aged 15 to 49 years and boys and men aged 15 to 49 years who have heard about FGM, by their attitudes about whether the practice should continue
Percentage of girls and women aged 15 to 49 years and boys and men aged 15 to 49 years who have heard of FGM
and believe the practice is required by religion
Percentage of girls and women aged 15 to 49 years who have heard about FGM and think the practice should continue, by household wealth quintile, education and age
IS THE PRACTICE OF FGM CHANGING?
The prevalence of FGM in Benin has significantly declined in three decades
Percentage of girls and women aged 15 to 49 years who have undergone FGM, by current age
Percentage of girls and women aged 15 to 49 years who have undergone FGM, and percentage of girls and women aged 15 to 49 years who have heard about FGM and think the practice should continue
Think FGM should continue Think FGM should stop Say it depends/are not sure
0 20 40 60 80 100
Girls and women
Boys and men
3 89
863 10
8
Source: MICS 2014 for girls and women and DHS 2011-12 for boys and men
0
10
20
30
40
50
Girls and women Boys and men
7 5
Source: DHS 2011-12
0
10
20
30
40
50
15-19 years45-49 yearsSecondaryor higher
Primary No educationRichestPoorestTotal
3 6 1
5 2 2 4 3
Source for all of the above charts: MICS 2014, unless otherwise noted.
0
10
20
30
40
50
15-19 years20-24 years25-29 years30-34 years35-39 years40-44 years45-49 years
18 12 13 12 10
6 2
Prevalenceof FGM
Think FGM should continue
0
10
20
30
40
50
DHS 2001
17
5
DHS 2006
13
1
DHS 2011-12
72
MICS 2014
93
BENIN
Percentage of girls and women aged 15 to 49 years who have undergone FGM
Percentage of girls aged 0 to 14 years who have undergone FGM (as reported by their mothers)
Percentage of girls and women aged 15 to 49 who have heard of FGM and think the practice should continue
INTER-COUNTRY STATISTICAL OVERVIEW
Notes: In Liberia, girls and women who have heard of the Sande society were asked whether they were members; this provides indirect information on FGM since it is performed during initiation into the society. Data on girls’ prevalence in Egypt refer to girls aged 6 months to 14 years and in Indonesia refer to girls aged 0 to 11 years. An older source is used to report on the prevalence of FGM among girls and on the percentage of support for FGM in Uganda (DHS 2011) since the latest source did not collect these data. Data on the prevalence among girls refer to an older source in Nigeria (MICS 2016-17) due to an anomaly in the results in the most recent source. MICS data for Ghana (2011) could not be used to report on attitudes towards FGM due to the fact that information is missing for girls and women with no living daughters; data from MICS 2006 are used instead. EDSF/PAPFAM data for Djibouti (2012) could not be used for attitudes towards FGM since the question is different from the standard; data from MICS 2006 are used instead. In Liberia, only cut girls and women were asked about their attitudes towards FGM; since girls and women from practicing communities are more likely to support the practice, the level of support in this country as captured by DHS 2013 is higher than would be expected had all girls and women been asked their opinion. In Egypt and Somalia, the support for FGM was calculated among all girls and women, since respondents were not first asked whether they had heard of the practice. Prevalence data for girls and women aged 15 to 49 years and data on attitudes towards FGM are not available for Indonesia.
Source: DHS, EDSF/PAPFAM, MICS, Health Issues Survey, Population and Health Survey and RISKESDAS, 2004-2018.Updated January 2020
FOR MORE INFORMATIONData and Analytics Section - Division of Data, Analytics, Planning and Monitoring
UNICEF, 3 UN Plaza, New York, 10017Website: data.unicef.org Email: data@unicef.org
0.3 1 2 4 3 7 9 10 13
19 19 21 24 24
37 38 44 45
65 67
76 76 83 86 87 87 89
94 95 98
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United R
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