behavior modification in drug courts: success using ... … · marlowe db (2007). strategies for...
Post on 05-Jun-2020
1 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
BEHAVIOR MODIFICATION IN DRUG COURTS:
SUCCESS USING REWARDS AND SANCTIONS
Upcoming webinar March 3, 2015, 3 pm EDTAvoiding Performance Perversity: When Incentives Lead to Deteriorating Services
Register: http://www.performwell.org
Previous webinars January 15, 2015 Reframing the Human Services to Gain Public Support for Effective Programs
Archived Recording: http://www.performwell.org/
BEHAVIOR MODIFICATION IN DRUG COURTS: SUCCESS USING REWARDS AND SANCTIONS
Moderator
Josie Alleman
Strategic
Initiatives
Consultant
Social Solutions
Dr. Doug Marlowe
Chief of Science,
Policy & Law
National Association
of Drug Court
Professionals
Presenter
Douglas B. Marlowe, J.D., Ph.D.
National Association of Drug Court
Professionals
Effective Use of
Rewards & Sanctions
Basic Terminology
Positive Reinforcement
Negative
Reinforcement
Punishment
Response Cost
REWARDSANCTION
TAKE
GIVE
Carrot and Stick
• Reduce undesirable behaviors and
increase desirable behaviors
• Positive vs. negative
reinforcement
Certainty
• Reliable detection is most influential
• Random drug testing twice per week, including weekends & holidays
• Sufficient detection windows & panels
• Community supervision
• Last supervisory burdensto be lifted
• Second chances
Celerity
• Timing is second most influential
• Interference from new behaviors
• Status hearings every 2 weeks until the case has stabilized
• Noncompliance hearings where indicated
Magnitude
MAGNITUDE OF SANCTION
Effective
ZoneCeiling
Effects
Habituation
Effects
MINIMAL MODERATE SEVERE
EF
FE
CT
IVE
NE
SS
Procedural Fairness
• Clearly communicated policies
and procedures
• Presumptive consequences
with flexible application
• Opportunity to be heard
• Respect and dignity
Target Behaviors
• Don’t expect too much
–Learned helplessness and ratio burden
• Don’t expect too little
–Habituation
• Proximal vs. distal goals
• Phase specificity
– What was once distal becomes
proximal
Treat or Punish?
Substance Dependence or Addiction
Substance Dependence or Addiction
1. Triggered binge pattern
2. Cravings or compulsions
3. Withdrawal symptoms
Treat or Punish?
Substance Dependence or Addiction
1. Triggered binge pattern
2. Cravings or compulsions
3. Withdrawal symptoms} Abstinence is a distal goal
Treat or Punish?
Substance Dependence or Addiction
1. Triggered binge pattern
2. Cravings or compulsions
3. Withdrawal symptoms
Substance Abuse
} Abstinence is a distal goal
Treat or Punish?
Substance Dependence or Addiction
1. Triggered binge pattern
2. Cravings or compulsions
3. Withdrawal symptoms
Substance Abuse
} Abstinence is a distal goal
Abstinence is a proximal goal}
Treat or Punish?
Substance Dependence or Addiction
1. Triggered binge pattern
2. Cravings or compulsions
3. Withdrawal symptoms
Substance Abuse
Collateral needs
– Dual diagnosis
– Chronic medical condition (e.g., HIV+, HCV, diabetes)
– Homelessness, chronic unemployment
} Abstinence is a distal goal
Abstinence is a proximal goal}
Treat or Punish?
Substance Dependence or Addiction
1. Triggered binge pattern
2. Cravings or compulsions
3. Withdrawal symptoms
Substance Abuse
Collateral needs
– Dual diagnosis
– Chronic medical condition (e.g., HIV+, HCV, diabetes)
– Homelessness, chronic unemployment
} Abstinence is a distal goal
Abstinence is a proximal goal}
} Regimen compliance is proximal
Treat or Punish?
Tangible Rewards
• Most important for reinforcement-
starved participants
• Fishbowl procedure or point
systems
• Symbolic rewards
Phase Regression
• An example of response cost
• Often a sign that services were
withdrawn prematurely
• Temporary regression and remedial
plan (accelerated redemption)
• Avoid the Abstinence Violation
Effect (A.V.E.)
Readings
Burdon WM et al (2001). Drug courts and contingency management. Journalof Drug Issues, 31, 73-90.
Harrell A & Roman J (2001). Reducing drug use and crime among offenders:The impact of graduated sanctions. Journal of Drug Issues, 31, 207-232.
Marlowe DB (2007). Strategies for administering rewards and sanctions. In JELessenger & GF Roper (Eds.), Drug courts: A new approach to treatment andrehabilitation (pp. 317-336). New York: Springer.
Marlowe DB (2008). Application of sanctions. In Drug Court QualityImprovement Monograph. Alexandria, VA: NDCI.
Marlowe DB & Wong CJ (2008). Contingency management in adult criminaldrug courts (pp. 334-354). In ST Higgins, K Silverman & SH Heil (Eds.),Contingency management in substance abuse treatment. New York: Guilford.
Marlowe DB (2011). Applying incentives and sanctions. In The drug courtjudicial benchbook (pp.139-157). Alexandria, VA: NDCI.
Avoiding Performance Perversity: When Incentives Lead to Deteriorating Services
Guest Speakers: Donald Moynihan and Harry Hatry
NEXT WEBINAR
March 3, 3:00-4:30pm EST
Register at www.performwell.org
21
Questions?
Dr. Doug Marlowe
Chief of Science,
Policy & Law
National Association
of Drug Court
Professionals
Presenter
top related