bankization of russia and economic growth garegin tosunyan liechtenstein july 2, 2007
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BANKIZATION BANKIZATION OF RUSSIA AND OF RUSSIA AND
ECONOMIC GROWTHECONOMIC GROWTH
Garegin Tosunyan
LiechtensteinJuly 2, 2007
2
Commonwealth of Independent States Commonwealth of Independent States on the World Mapon the World Map
1.Russia – 17075,42.Kazakhstan – 2724,93.Ukraine – 603,54.Turkmenistan – 491,2
5.Uzbekistan – 448,96.Belarus – 207,67.Kyrgyzstan – 199,98.Tajikistan – 143,1
9.Azerbaijan – 86,610.Georgia – 69,711.Moldova – 33,812.Armenia – 29,8
1.Russia – 142,82.Ukraine – 46,7
3.Uzbekistan – 26,34.Kazakhstan – 15,2
5.Belarus – 9,86.Azerbaijan – 8,47.Tajikistan – 6,9
8.Turkmenistan – 6,79.Kyrgyzstan – 5,1
10.Georgia – 4,411.Moldova – 3,912.Armenia – 3,2
Population of CIS Population of CIS countries, mln. inh.countries, mln. inh.
CIS territoryCIS territory – – 22,1 22,1 mln. sq. kmmln. sq. km..
PopulationPopulation – – 279,7 279,7 mln. inhabitantsmln. inhabitants
The territory of LiechtensteinThe territory of Liechtenstein – – 0,00,000160016 mlnmln. . sqsq..kmkm.. (160 sq.km.) (160 sq.km.)
PopulationPopulation – – 0.034 mln. inhabitants (34 thous.)0.034 mln. inhabitants (34 thous.)
Swiss territory Swiss territory – – 0,00,04141 mlnmln. . sqsq..kmkm.. (41 thous. sq.km.) (41 thous. sq.km.)
PopulationPopulation – – 7.56 mln. inhabitants7.56 mln. inhabitants
Territory of CIS countriesTerritory of CIS countries, , thous. sq. km thous. sq. km ..
3
Russian economy continues to develop Russian economy continues to develop Results of the I quarter of 2007 (in % to I quarter of 2006)
Real wages + 18,4 %
Real income of the population
+ 13 %
Consumer prices+ 3,4%*
Investments in the fixed capital
+ 20,1 %4,5 trln roubles
Industrial production + 8,4 %
export + 5,3 %USD 71 bln (the share of fuel and energy
products makes 78%)Import + 36,8% USD 42,4 blnSource: Ministry of Economy
* Compared to December 2006.
GDP+ 7,9 %
4
««Hot ButtonsHot Buttons»» of the Banking System of Russia of the Banking System of Russia
FALLING BEHINDFALLING BEHINDterms of creditsterms of credits::
credits for enterprises > 3 yearsin Russiain Russia – 28% – 28%
in EUin EU – 52% – 52%
supportabilitysupportability::number of banking offices per 100 thous. inhabitants
RussiaRussia << AustriaAustria 4-fold4-fold<< France 3-foldFrance 3-fold
assets capitalbanks’ assets
Russia < U.K. 22-fold< France 15-fold
< Germany 17-fold
banks’ assets to GDP Russia < U.K. 10-fold
< France 7-fold< Germany 6-fold
banks’ capitalRussia < EU 29-fold
< USA 14-fold< Germany 8-fold
banks’ capital to GDPRussia < U.K. 4-fold
< France 3-fold< Germany 3-fold
5
CIS and Swiss Banks’ AssetsCIS and Swiss Banks’ Assets
3,2 1,1 10,7 2,2 58,7 0,62 1,1 0,5 58,9
414
2191Assets, bln. euro
21% 20% 39% 37%95%
28% 44% 27%76% 54%
770%Assets/GDP, %
6
CIS and Swiss Banks’ CapitalCIS and Swiss Banks’ Capital
3%5%
7% 7%10%
5%7%
4%
9%6%
26%
Azerbaijan
ArmeniaBelarus
Georgia
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Moldova
Tajidistan
UkraineRussia
Switzerland
Capital/GDP, %
0,5 0,2 1,9 0,4 6,3 0,1 0,2 2,07,1
50,0
73,3
AzerbaijanArmenia
BelarusGeorgia
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Moldova
Tajidistan
UkraineRussia
Switzerland
Capital of banks, bln. euro
7
Financing EconomyFinancing Economy
20%
56%
19%
46%
20%
51%
17%
31%
19%25%
Kazakhstan Ukraine Bulgaria Turkey Russia
Banking credits to the economy (% to GDP)
2002 2006
Share of long-term credits (> 1 yr) to the economy in the total
volume of credits:•In Kazakhstan – 53%
•In Ukraine – 67%•In Belarus – 70%•In Russia – 46%•In Austria – 70%
(of which > 5 yrs – 57%)
18%
54%28%
52% 30%
18%
Credits to enterprises by maturityCredits to enterprises by maturity
RUSSIARUSSIA
EU
8
Monetization of EconomiesMonetization of Economies
Monetization of national economies, М2/GDP, %
51%39%
49%35%
76%96%
134%
1%0,2% 3,2% 8,4% 9,0% 9,0% 1,5%
М2/GDP
inflation
Growing money supply does not hinder disinflation under sound monetary policy
9
Assets and Liabilities of the Central Bank Assets and Liabilities of the Central Bank of Russiaof Russia
CBR Assets, bln. euro
714
0,2
269
funds placed with nonresidents and securitiesissued by nonresidentscredits and deposits
Russian government securities
other assets
CBR Liabilities, bln. euro
53
114
3588
cash in circulationRussian government fundsfunds of credit institutionsother liabilities
4,87%
2,58%
4,13%
0,33%
USD Euro UK pounds yena
Return on the CBR Currency Reserves Assets in 2006, % per year Annual interest rate on
foreign loans for Russian borrowers
makesmakes 6 6 --10%10%
EFFECTIVENESS OF INVESTMENTS
10
Sky-rocket of the Private Sector’s External DebtSky-rocket of the Private Sector’s External DebtForeign Investments by Russian
Banks, $ bln.
19,5 21,5 2639,2
65,2
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
USD
bln
.
Foreign Investments into Russian Banks, $ bln.
1627,7
37,360
122,9
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
USD
bln
.External Debt of the Russian Federation
in 2006, $ bln.132,8
97,271,1
45,1
7,7 9 11,3 14,2 24,9 32,350,1
33,855,1
75,7
125
159,5116,7 103 96,8 98,2 101,2
23,921,5 22,4
0
50
100
150
200
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
USD
bln
.
state authorities
banks (excluding capitalparticipation)other sectors (excludingcapital participation)
RF external debt as of 01.01.2007 – $$309,7 309,7 bln.bln.
11
RequiredRequired Reserves Throughout the WorldReserves Throughout the World
Reserve Requirements in USA
6,6 7 8,57,8
45,845,4 47,6 48,3
010203040506070
2004 2005 2006 2007
$ m
ln.
10%
3%
0%
и выше
Reserve Requirements in EU
2,29
3,81
2,7
2
00,5
11,5
22,5
33,5
4
2004 2005 2006 2007
%
<100 thous. euro - 0%deposits and
sequrities > 2 years and REPO - 0%interest on reserves - 3,82%
NO RR in:•Canada•Great Britain•New Zealand•Sweden•Australia•…
12
Required Reserves Ratios in RussiaRequired Reserves Ratios in Russia
0,4%0,7%
1,5%1,7%
США ЕС РФ
RR to Assets, %
before 01.07.07 after 01.07.07
To expand the financing To expand the financing of the Russian economy it is of the Russian economy it is
necessary to:necessary to:•low down RR ratioslow down RR ratios•exclude time deposits from RR exclude time deposits from RR calculationcalculation
Required reserve ratio on credit institutions’
liabilities to non-resident banks in rubles and
foreign currency
Required reserve ratio on liabilities to individuals in
rubles
Required reserve ratio on credit institutions’ other liabilities in rubles and
foreign currency
8.07.04-31.07.04 - 3,5 3,5
01.08.04-30.09.06 2 3,5 3,5
01.10.06-30.06.07 3,5 3,5 3,5
01.07.07- 4,5 4,0 4,5
13
Refinancing Rate as an Instrument of the Refinancing Rate as an Instrument of the Monetary PolicyMonetary Policy
Federal Funds Rate in USA, %
2,25
3,25
4,25
5,25 5,25
1,251
2
3
4
5
6
july.04 jan.05 july.05 jan.06 july.06 jan.07
%
Refinancing Rate of the CBR, %
13 13 1312
11,511
10,5109
10
11
12
13
14
jul.04 jan.05 jul.05 jan.06 jul.06 jan.07 feb.07 jun.07
%
14
Bankization of RussiaBankization of RussiaBANKIZATION
means:•Increasing capitalization•Reduction of interest rates•Protection of creditors’ rights•Availability of services•Resource base enlargement•Regional infrastructure development •Governance quality improvement
COMPETITIVENESS means:
•“Saturation” with credit resources•High capitalization•Availability of Russian financial resources•Low interest rates •Geographical accessibility •Significant middle class•Low inflation
15
Targets for Competitiveness GrowthTargets for Competitiveness Growth
As of 01.01.2007 Targets for 01.01.2009 according to the Program of Bankization
credits for non-financial sector/GDP
21,6% 50%
credits interest rates 11-22% 3-6%
monetization level (M2/GDP) 35% 50%
refinancing by CBR 0,08% of the CBR assets
15-20% of the CBR assets
assets/GDP 53% 86%
capital/GDP 6,4% 13%
16
Ассоциация российских банков
BANKIZATION OF RUSSIA
=TO CREDIT,
NOT TO DISTRIBUTEwww.arb.ru arb@arb.ru +7 495 2916630495 2916630
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