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A&WMA Waste Management Conference
Introduction to Waste
1
Peter Klaassen
April 10,2014
Waste – Overview of Presentation
2
Processing of Waste
Classification of Waste
How Waste is Generated
Waste – Introduction
“Waste management is the collection, transport,
processing, recycling or disposal, and monitoring of waste
materials. The term usually relates to materials produced
by human activity, and is generally undertaken to reduce
their effect on health, the environment or aesthetics.”
(Wikipedia)
3
Definitions
Waste - simply defined as
“unwanted or useless materials”
The Integrated Waste Management System Planning Process
4
Reduction
Reuse
Recycling
Organics
Processing
Residuals
Processing
Landfill
Waste – Hierarchy
3 Rs
4th R Recovery
What is it?
End of Waste • the substance or object is commonly used for
specific purposes;
• there is an existing market or demand for the
substance or object;
• the use is lawful (substance or object fulfills the
technical requirements for the specific
purposes and meets the existing legislation and
standards applicable to products);
• the use will not lead to overall adverse environmental or human health impacts.
http://ec.europa.eu/environment/waste/framework/end_of_waste.htm
Schematic of EU Legal Definition of Waste
5
Wikipedia May 18, 2013
Processed,
Repackaged
Relabeled
Waste
The Integrated Waste Management System Planning Process
6
Typical Waste Streams
Municipal Solid Waste (MSW)
Solid Industrial, Commercial,
Institutional (ICI) Waste
Liquid Waste (Sewage,
Effluent)
Hazardous Waste (Solid and
Liquid)
Specialty Wastes (i.e.
Biomedical, Electronic,
Pharmaceutical)
Construction and Demolition
Waste – Classification
Mostly Commercial, some
Municipal (80/20)
Who Process It
Mostly Commercial, small
portion Municipal
Combination Commercial,
Municipal
Commercial
Commercial
Commercial , some
Municipal
Municipal Solid Waste - Source
7
• 1 tonne per capita
per year
• 400 kg per capita
per year from our
homes
5% 10%
19%
2% 1%
1%
36%
26%
Paper
Paper Packaging
Plastics
Metals
Glass
HSW
Organics
Other
Material 2010/2011 (kg/kk/yr)
% Change from 2006/2007
Newsprint 33.4 -33%
Mixed Paper 15.2 5%
OCC 31.5 9%
PET 14 30%
Polystyrene 4.2 23%
Steel 9.7 -3%
Glass 24.8 -34% Ontario’s 60% Waste Diversion Goal, A Discussion Paper, Ministry of Environment Changing Composition of the Blue and Grey Box Program, Niagara Region
MSW – Where it Goes
8
Recycling 25%
Composting 25%
Residue 50%
Residue Residue
http://www.flickr.com
http://consult.staffordshire.gov.uk http://www.biofuelrefineries.co.uk/biomass.htm
ICI Solid Waste Processing
9
23%
21%
5% 11%
3%
11%
26% Paper
Wood
Glass
Metal
Plastic
Organic
Other
Ontario’s 60% Waste Diversion Goal, A Discussion Paper, Ministry of Environment
Construction and Demolition
10
http://consult.staffordshire.gov.uk
21%
4%
10%
5%
17% 1%
16%
5%
5%
11% 5%
Paper
Glass
Metal
Plastic
Organics
Concrete
Wood
Gypsum
Aggregate
Composite
http://crossdaleconstruction.com
Waste to Energy Technologies
• Incineration
• RDF (Refuse Derived Fuel)
• MBT (Mechanical Biological Treatment)
• Gasification & Plasmification
• AD (Anaerobic Digestion)
11
How to Choose?
• Many Factors:
– Diversion Mandate
– End Markets
– Tipping Fees
– Cost of Energy/Thermal Customer
– Regulatory/Environmental Issues
– Bans
– Public Issues
13
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• Slide transitions: Fade through Black is our standard. Never use dissolve to stop the spread of this problematic transition. • To copy slides from one file to this file, copy slides from the other file in the slide sorter view, paste into this file in slide sorter view, select all slides in slide view and
Home>reset all slides to update to the new template • Regarding dates, have a look at Insert>date • If something is to appear on every slide, view slide master and modify the top most template in left pane • To turn off the black last slide, click the office button (top left), PowerPoint Options (bottom), Advanced, Slide Show, End with black slide
Peter Klaassen Phone: (519) 823-1311
Peter.Klaassen@rwdi.com
RWDI
www.rwdi.com
CONTACT INFORMATION
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