at mega8 basics

AVR AVR ATMEGA 8 ATMEGA 8

MICRO-CONTROLLERMICRO-CONTROLLER

http://bestnetworkingsolutions.blogspot.in 1

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

• ATmega8 is a 8-bit microcontroller based on the AVR RISC ATmega8 is a 8-bit microcontroller based on the AVR RISC

architecturearchitecture

• By executing powerful instructions in a single clock cycle, By executing powerful instructions in a single clock cycle,

the ATmega8 achieves throughput approaching 1 MIPS per the ATmega8 achieves throughput approaching 1 MIPS per

MHzMHz

http://bestnetworkingsolutions.blogspot.in 2

Contd....Contd....

• In order to maximize performance and parallelism, the AVR In order to maximize performance and parallelism, the AVR

uses a Harvard architecture- which separates memories and uses a Harvard architecture- which separates memories and

buses for program and databuses for program and data

• Instruction in program memory are executed with single Instruction in program memory are executed with single

level pipelininglevel pipelining

• This concept enables instructions to be executed in every This concept enables instructions to be executed in every

clock cycleclock cycle

http://bestnetworkingsolutions.blogspot.in 3

FEATURESFEATURES

• High-performance 8 bit MicrocontrollerHigh-performance 8 bit Microcontroller

• Up to 16 MIPS Throughput at 16 MHzUp to 16 MIPS Throughput at 16 MHz

• 32 x 8 General Purpose Working Registers32 x 8 General Purpose Working Registers

• Six ADC channels in PDIP packageSix ADC channels in PDIP package

• Internal Calibrated OscillatorInternal Calibrated Oscillator

http://bestnetworkingsolutions.blogspot.in 4

TYPES OF PACKAGESTYPES OF PACKAGES

• 28-pin PDIP (Plastic Dual In-line Package)28-pin PDIP (Plastic Dual In-line Package)

• 32-pin TQFP (Thin Quad film Package)32-pin TQFP (Thin Quad film Package)

http://bestnetworkingsolutions.blogspot.in 5

MEMORY SEGMENTSMEMORY SEGMENTS

• 8K Bytes of Flash program memory8K Bytes of Flash program memory

• 512 Bytes EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable 512 Bytes EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory)Read Only Memory)

• 1K Byte Internal RAM (Random Access Memory)1K Byte Internal RAM (Random Access Memory)

http://bestnetworkingsolutions.blogspot.in 6

Contd....Contd....

• Write/Erase Cycles: 10,000 Flash/100,000 EEPROMWrite/Erase Cycles: 10,000 Flash/100,000 EEPROM

• Data retention: 20 years at 85°C/100 years at 25°CData retention: 20 years at 85°C/100 years at 25°C

http://bestnetworkingsolutions.blogspot.in 7

PIN OUTPIN OUT

http://bestnetworkingsolutions.blogspot.in 8

PIN DESCRIPTIONPIN DESCRIPTION

• VCC VCC Digital supply voltageDigital supply voltage

• GND GND GroundGround

• RESET RESET A low level on this pin for longer than the minimum A low level on this pin for longer than the minimum

pulse length will generate a reset, even if the clock is not pulse length will generate a reset, even if the clock is not

runningrunning

• AREF AREF The analog reference pin for the A/D ConverterThe analog reference pin for the A/D Converter

http://bestnetworkingsolutions.blogspot.in 9

Contd....Contd....

• AVCC AVCC The supply voltage pin for the A/D ConverterThe supply voltage pin for the A/D Converter

http://bestnetworkingsolutions.blogspot.in 10

PORTSPORTS• Three ports i.e PortB, PortC, PortDThree ports i.e PortB, PortC, PortD

• Three registers associated with every portThree registers associated with every port

DDRx – Data Direction RegisterDDRx – Data Direction Register

PINx – Port inputPINx – Port input

PORTx- Port outputPORTx- Port output

*Note – ‘x’ is subscript and could be either of B, C, D*Note – ‘x’ is subscript and could be either of B, C, D

http://bestnetworkingsolutions.blogspot.in 11

PORT B (PB7..PB0)PORT B (PB7..PB0)

• Port B is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O portPort B is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port

• Can be used either as a input port or as output port Can be used either as a input port or as output port

( direction must be specified in programming)( direction must be specified in programming)

http://bestnetworkingsolutions.blogspot.in 12

REGISTER DESCRIPTION OF I/O REGISTER DESCRIPTION OF I/O PORTSPORTS

http://bestnetworkingsolutions.blogspot.in 13

http://bestnetworkingsolutions.blogspot.in 14

PORT C (PC5..PC0)PORT C (PC5..PC0)

• Port C is an 7-bit bi-directional I/O port Port C is an 7-bit bi-directional I/O port

• Can be used either as a input port or as output port Can be used either as a input port or as output port

( direction must be specified in programming)( direction must be specified in programming)

http://bestnetworkingsolutions.blogspot.in 15

PORT D (PD7..PD0)PORT D (PD7..PD0)

• Port D is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port Port D is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port

• Can be used either as a input port or as output port Can be used either as a input port or as output port

( direction must be specified in coding)( direction must be specified in coding)

http://bestnetworkingsolutions.blogspot.in 16

CONTD....CONTD....

http://bestnetworkingsolutions.blogspot.in 17

CONTD....CONTD....

http://bestnetworkingsolutions.blogspot.in 18

CONTD....CONTD....

http://bestnetworkingsolutions.blogspot.in 19

CONTD....CONTD....

http://bestnetworkingsolutions.blogspot.in 20

THANK YOU…THANK YOU…

http://bestnetworkingsolutions.blogspot.in 21