asexual

ASEXUALREPRODUCTION

Reproduction• Is the production of a new generation of

individuals of the same species• Involves the transmission of genetic

material from one generation to the next, ensuring that the species survives over long periods of time,even though individual members die

Two Types of Reproduction Asexual Sexual

●is reproduction by a single organism with out production of gametes●usually results in the production of genetically identical offspring How can variation occur in asexual reproduction?

AsexualReproduction

Mutations

What are identical offspring from a single parent referred to as?

A clone

Cloning in biology is the process of producing similar populations of genetically identical individuals that occurs in nature when organisms such as bacteria, insects or plants reproduce asexually.

Cloning in biotechnology refers to processes used to create copies of DNA fragments (molecular cloning), cells (cell cloning), or organisms. The term also refers to the production of multiple copies of a product such as digital media or software.

●Most animals species do not naturally reproduce asexually●There are several types of asexual reproduction

Asexual Reproduction

It only takes one

Binary Fission (mitosis)●One parent makes onedaughter cell●Used by one-celledorganisms, like bacteria)

BuddingThe offspring just pops out of the parentExamples: hydra and yeast

Spores●Spores areformed anddispersed bysome plants,algae, andfungi.

Vegetative ReproductionNew individuals are made without seedsor spores

Types of VegetativeReproduction

●Runners●Rhizomes●Tubers●Bulbs●Grafting

RunnersPlant stems send out “extensions” aboveground. These extensions give rise to newplants.

RhizomesLike runners, but underground. Therunners are called stolons and they come from the roots.

TubersAn underground, modified stem whichcan form buds which make new plants.

Bulbs●Underground shoot with modified leaves which are used as food for dormant plant.

GraftingPart of one plant fuses with another plant.

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