artists: what we know ….and how we know it ann markusen professor and director the arts economy...

Artists: What we know ….and how we know it

Ann MarkusenProfessor and Director

The Arts Economy InitiativeHumphrey School of Public Affairs

University of Minnesotamarkusen@umn.edu

http://www.hhh.umn.edu/projects/prie

3 Million Stories: Understanding the Lives and Careers

of America’s Arts GraduatesCurb Center, Vanderbilt University, March 8, 2013

Artists are entrepreneurial!

Very high self-employment rates

Highly likely to work on contractapt to be self-employed and work on contract

Self-Employment & Multiple Jobs (SNAAP 2010)

• 57% of current artists hold at least two jobs concurrently

• 18% work three or more jobs

• 14% of all alumni founded a company (not-for-profit and for-profit)

Figure 3. Employment Structure, California Nonprofit Arts, 2008

Source: Ann Markusen, Anne Gadwa, Elisa Barbour, and William Beyers. 2011. California’s Arts and Cultural Ecology. San Francisco: The James Irvine Foundation, September. http://irvine.org/news-insights/publications/arts/arts-ecology-reports

Artists work

….across industries

• Cultural industries

• Local-serving industries

© Copyright 2012 The Trustees of Indiana University. All rights reserved.Source: http://snaap.indiana.edu/snaapshot/#work

Wherefore Art Thou? (2010 data)

= ? 66% not currently professional artists and62% working in fields outside of the arts:

our arts training has relevance to the job in which we spend the bulk of our time

Artists work

…across sectors

Commercial

Non-profit

Public

Community

Los Angeles, Bay Area Metro Artists, Employment by Sector, 2000

Los San Francisco San Jose Santa Rosa   Angeles Oakland   Vallejo

All Artists 76090 24688 4677 3556

Employed (%)

Self-employed 40 44 36 64

Private employer 54 43 52 25

Nonprofit, public 6 13 12 11

Source: Ann Markusen, Sam Gilmore, Amanda Johnson, Titus Levi, and Andrea Martinez. Crossover: How Artists Build Careers across Commercial, Nonprofit and Community Work. Minneapolis, MN: Project on Regional and Industrial Economics, University of Minnesota, 2006. http://www.hhh.umn.edu/centers/prie/projects.html

Source:Markusen, Ann and Amanda Johnson. 2006. Artists’ Centers: Evolution and Impact on Careers, Neighborhoods and Economies. Minneapolis: Humphrey Institute of Public Affairs, University of Minnesota, February.

http://www.hhh.umn.edu/projects/prie/PRIE--publications.html

Source:Markusen, Ann and Amanda Johnson. 2006. Artists’ Centers: Evolution and Impact on Careers, Neighborhoods and Economies. Minneapolis: Humphrey Institute of Public Affairs, University of Minnesota, February.

http://www.hhh.umn.edu/projects/prie/PRIE--publications.html

Source:Markusen, Ann and Amanda Johnson. 2006. Artists’ Centers: Evolution and Impact on Careers, Neighborhoods and Economies. Minneapolis: Humphrey Institute of Public Affairs, University of Minnesota, February.

http://www.hhh.umn.edu/projects/prie/PRIE--publications.html

Arts Organizations, totals and per capita, California Regions, 2008

Ann Markusen, Anne Gadwa, Elisa Barbour and Bill Beyers, California’s Arts and Cultural Ecology, 2011 http://irvine.org/news-insights/publications/arts/arts-ecology-reports

California Regional Arts Participation Rates, 2008

State Average: 54% Rest of State: 60%verage: 54%

State Average: 54%

Rest of State: 60%

Artists work

….everywhere!

Higher shares of resident workforce

in larger metros

in central cities, inner ring suburbs

In some non-metro areas, higher shares of artists than in suburbia

Artists move with the live cycle….

and vary broadly in preferences for large city, metro and small town life

Source: Markusen and Johnson, Artists’ Centers, 2006

Shares of arts grads residing in town/city of their training institution

in first five years (SNAAP)

HS Undergrad Grad0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

12

36 40

Artists’ satisfaction with work, careers?

Measuring and Defining “Success” Professional Artists’ Satisfaction with Their Work…

Job Secu

rity

Opp. to be Creative

Income

Opp. for C

areer Adva

nc.

Reflects Perso

nality

Overall S

atisfacti

on0%

20%40%60%80%

100%72%

92%

63%72%

91% 92%80% 75%

63% 65%79% 83%

Maj. Job Artist Maj. Job NOT Artist

2011 SNAAP

Artists’ engagement in

and support for the arts

Community Arts Engagement

• Attending an arts event

• Donating $ to artists or arts organizations

• Volunteering at an arts organization

87%

42%

25%

UG GRAD

91%

53%

33%

Undergraduate and Graduate Alumni Have Supported the Arts in the Past 12 Months by…

Are we getting our knowledge of artists out there?

Beyond careers and economic impact….

Artists bring us

Beauty Humor

InsightPolitical critique

InnovationTools for social

change

…. You ad!

Bill Ivey’s “right to an expressive life” Cultural Bill of Rights, Arts, Inc. 2008

Ann MarkusenDirector, Arts Economy Initiative

Humphrey School of Public AffairsUniversity of Minnesota

markusen@umn.eduhttp://www.hhh.umn.edu/centers/prie/index.html

Principal, Markusen Economic Research