arrested development: china's history of invention and the future of innovation
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© Copyright Bill Dodson , 2012. All rights reserved. January 19, 2013Presented by Bill Dodson
China's History of Invention and the Future of Innovation
Arrested Development
A Royal Asiatic Society Presentation
© Copyright Bill Dodson , 2012. All rights reserved.
Agriculture
The Winnowing Machine
The Plow
ThisIsChinaBlog.com
© Copyright Bill Dodson , 2012. All rights reserved.
Publishing
Woodblock Printing
Paper Money
Paper
Movable Type
© Copyright Bill Dodson , 2012. All rights reserved.
Military Advancements
Naval Mine
Flamethrower
Multi-stage Rocket
Canon
Rocket
Trebuchet
© Copyright Bill Dodson , 2012. All rights reserved.
Nautical Advancements
Marine Compass
Double-masts
Sailing Chart (Zheng He)
Zheng He Voyages
© Copyright Bill Dodson , 2012. All rights reserved.
Textiles
Loom
Silk
Giant Draw Loom
© Copyright Bill Dodson , 2012. All rights reserved.
Mechanical Engineering
Puddle and Blast Furnace
Paddle Wheel and Smelting
Abacus Clock
© Copyright Bill Dodson , 2012. All rights reserved.
Number of Inventions per Discipline(sampling of ~ 250)
© Copyright Bill Dodson , 2012. All rights reserved.
Impact of Chinese Inventions
Tang
N. Song
Eastern Han
Western Han
Eastern Zhou
© Copyright Bill Dodson , 2012. All rights reserved.
“The Maps, Not the Chaps”Favorable Geography Incubates Population Growth
© Copyright Bill Dodson , 2012. All rights reserved.
Social Development1000 BCE to 100BCE
Source: “Why The West Rules for Now: The Patterns of History and What They Reveal about the Future” by Ian Morris
© Copyright Bill Dodson , 2012. All rights reserved.
Social Development100 BCE to 500 CE
Source: “Why The West Rules for Now: The Patterns of History and What They Reveal about the Future” by Ian Morris
Disintegration of Rome
First Black Death
© Copyright Bill Dodson , 2012. All rights reserved.
Social Development300 CE to 1100 CE
Source: “Why The West Rules for Now: The Patterns of History and What They Reveal about the Future” by Ian Morris
Grand Canal Built
Use of Coal
© Copyright Bill Dodson , 2012. All rights reserved.
Social Development1000 CE to 1500 CE
Source: “Why The West Rules for Now: The Patterns of History and What They Reveal about the Future” by Ian Morris
Mongol Invasion
Zhang He sails
Portuguese set sail
Ming begins the Great Closing
Black Death
© Copyright Bill Dodson , 2012. All rights reserved.
Social Development1400 CE to 1800 CE
Source: “Why The West Rules for Now: The Patterns of History and What They Reveal about the Future” by Ian Morris
“Black Swans” discovered
© Copyright Bill Dodson , 2012. All rights reserved.
Social Development1400 BCE to 2000 CE
Source: “Why The West Rules for Now: The Patterns of History and What They Reveal about the Future” by Ian Morris
© Copyright Bill Dodson , 2012. All rights reserved.
Why No Industrial Revolution in ChinaThe Paradox of Social Development
Source: “Why The West Rules for Now: The Patterns of History and What They Reveal about the Future” by Ian Morris
“Rising social development creates the very forces that undermine it.”
“New problems require new paradigms.”
© Copyright Bill Dodson , 2012. All rights reserved.
Why No Scientific Revolution in ChinaLook to the Masters
•1st discussion of magnetic declination and movable printing type
•Only application of permutations in Chinese math
•Proposal for nightly measurements of lunar and planetary positions
•1st suggestion in E. Asia of purely solar calendar
•Book on theory and practice of medicine
•How the I Ching works
Shen Kua(1031 – 1095)Song Dynasty
Source: Why the Scientific Revolution Did Not Take Place in China – or Didn’t It?, Chinese Science, 1982, 5:45-66
Author, “Brush Talks from Dream Book”
© Copyright Bill Dodson , 2012. All rights reserved.
Why No Scientific RevolutionLack of Overarching Framework for Inquiry
Yang Hui (1238–1298), who criticized earlier mathematicians such as Li Chunfeng (602–670) who were content with using methods without working out their theoretical origins or principle, stating:
“The men of old changed the name of their methods from problem to problem, so that as no specific explanation was given, there is no way of telling their theoretical origin or basis.”
Source: Why the Scientific Revolution Did Not Take Place in China – or Didn’t It?, Chinese Science, 1982, 5:45-66
© Copyright Bill Dodson , 2012. All rights reserved.
Why No Scientific RevolutionLack of Overarching Framework for Inquiry
One aspect was that there does not seem to have been a systematic connection between all sciences in the minds of the people who did them.
The sciences were not integrated under the domain of philosophy, as schools and universities integrated them in Europe and Islamic lands.
Chinese had sciences, but no Science, no single conception or word for the overarching sum of all of them. “
Source: Why the Scientific Revolution Did Not Take Place in China – or Didn’t It?, Chinese Science, 1982, 5:45-66
© Copyright Bill Dodson , 2012. All rights reserved.
Scientific Revolution in the WestRage Against the Orthodoxy
“In science the test of truth has displaced most of these and redefined the others [beauty, purity, godliness, etc]. This demand for truth above all was an appeal to FACT –FACT that was in principle public, verifiable, morally neutral, invariant with the social circumstances of the observer, immune from interference by magician or god.
“But new science did more than appeal to facts. It created facts of that kind for the first time.
“That is an awesome creation.”
Source: Why the Scientific Revolution Did Not Take Place in China – or Didn’t It?, Chinese Science, 1982, 5:45-66
Galileo1564-1642
© Copyright Bill Dodson, 2012. All rights reserved.
China Under Strain
LandPower
WaterPollution
Too Many #$%&! People
© Copyright Bill Dodson, 2012. All rights reserved.
“Indigenous” InnovationNew Era Exports
Bullet Trains
Ship Building
Commercial Airliners
Wind Power
Automobiles
Solar Panels
© Copyright Bill Dodson, 2012. All rights reserved.
Adapt or DieInnovation with Chinese Characteristics
Automating
Brand Building
More In-house R&D
Going Green
© Copyright Bill Dodson , 2012. All rights reserved.
Thank you!
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