applications of synthetic aperture radar for...

Applications of Synthetic Aperture Radar for Archaeological Documentation in North Sinai

Chris Stewart

Tor Vergata University of Rome

Acquisition Date Range Number of Scenes Track/Frame

2007/09 – 2010/06 2 604/610

2007/06 – 2010/06 7 605/600

2007/06 – 2010/05 2 605/610

2007/07 – 2010/09 7 606/600

2007/07 – 2010/06 2 606/610

2007/10 – 2011/02 7 607/590

2007/06 – 2011/02 21 607/600

2007/06 – 2011/02 19 607/610

2007/11 – 2010/04 7 608/600

PALSAR: Feature Extraction Data

Coregistration of SLC data for each track/frame stack

Multilook (to produce square pixels)

De Grandi filter for each track/frame stack

Geocoding, radiometric calibration (σ0), and radiometric normalisation (cosine correction)

Group images according to similar acquisition dates

Mosaic images in each track (azimuth direction) with similar acquisition dates

Mosaic each of the tracks, with similar acquisition dates

Perform multitemporal feature extraction on the stack of final mosaics

(including all tracks and frames)

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PALSAR: Feature Extraction Mosaic of North Sinai

PALSAR: Feature Extraction Mosaic of North Sinai

PALSAR: Feature Extraction Mosaic of North Sinai

North Sinai

Multitemporal average of 11 PALSAR images (HH polarisation) acquired from 2007 to 2010

Multitemporal average of 11 PALSAR images (HH polarisation) acquired from 2007 to 2010

Multitemporal average of 11 PALSAR images (HH polarisation) acquired from 2007 to 2010

Multitemporal average of 11 PALSAR images (HH polarisation) acquired from 2007 to 2010

Multitemporal average of 11 PALSAR images (HH polarisation) acquired from 2007 to 2010

Multitemporal average of 11 PALSAR images (HH polarisation) acquired from 2007 to 2010

Multitemporal average of 11 PALSAR images (HH polarisation) acquired from 2007 to 2010

Multitemporal average of 11 PALSAR images (HH polarisation) acquired from 2007 to 2010

Multitemporal average of 11 PALSAR images (HH polarisation) acquired from 2007 to 2010

Multitemporal average of 11 PALSAR images (HH polarisation) acquired from 2007 to 2010

Multitemporal average of 11 PALSAR images (HH polarisation) acquired from 2007 to 2010

Subset of PALSAR mosaic (Average De Grandi filtered stack of PALSAR backscatter from 2007 to 2010)

PALSAR: Feature Extraction Linear features

Subset of PALSAR mosaic (Average De Grandi filtered stack of PALSAR backscatter from 2007 to 2010)

Google Earth 2007/02/07

PALSAR: Feature Extraction Linear features

Subset of PALSAR mosaic (Average De Grandi filtered stack of PALSAR backscatter from 2007 to 2010)

Google Earth 2007/02/07 Google Earth 2010/05/05

PALSAR: Feature Extraction Linear features

Subset of PALSAR mosaic (Average De Grandi filtered stack of PALSAR backscatter from 2007 to 2010)

Google Earth 2007/02/07 Google Earth 2010/05/05

PALSAR: Feature Extraction Linear features

Subset of PALSAR mosaic (Average De Grandi filtered stack of PALSAR backscatter from 2007 to 2010)

Google Earth 2007/02/07 Google Earth 2010/05/05

PALSAR: Feature Extraction Linear features

PALSAR: Feature Extraction Automatic Algorithm

PALSAR: Feature Extraction Automatic Algorithm

PALSAR: Feature Extraction Results

PALSAR: Feature Extraction Results

PALSAR: Feature Extraction Results

PALSAR: Feature Extraction Results

PALSAR: Feature Extraction Mosaic of North Sinai

Kompsat-2 RGB composite (NIR, Red, Green)

Multitemporal average of PALSAR dual pol (HH) backscatter amplitudes, ascending pass (9 scenes)

Multitemporal average of PALSAR dual pol (HH) backscatter amplitudes, ascending pass (9 scenes)

Multitemporal average of PALSAR dual pol (HH) backscatter amplitudes, ascending pass (9 scenes)

Google Earth 7 Feb 2007

Multitemporal average of PALSAR dual pol (HH) backscatter amplitudes, ascending pass (9 scenes)

Google Earth 7 Feb 2007 Google Earth 1 Aug 2009

Multitemporal average of PALSAR dual pol (HH) backscatter amplitudes, ascending pass (9 scenes)

Google Earth 7 Feb 2007 Google Earth 1 Aug 2009

Multitemporal average of PALSAR dual pol (HH) backscatter amplitudes, ascending pass (9 scenes)

Google Earth 7 Feb 2007 Google Earth 1 Aug 2009

Multitemporal average of PALSAR dual pol (HH) backscatter amplitudes, ascending pass (9 scenes)

Google Earth 7 Feb 2007 Google Earth 1 Aug 2009

Multitemporal average of PALSAR dual pol (HH) backscatter amplitudes, ascending pass (9 scenes)

Google Earth 7 Feb 2007 Google Earth 1 Aug 2009

Multitemporal average of PALSAR dual pol (HH) backscatter amplitudes, ascending pass (9 scenes)

Google Earth 7 Feb 2007 Google Earth 1 Aug 2009

Multitemporal average of PALSAR dual pol (HH) backscatter amplitudes, ascending pass (9 scenes)

Google Earth 7 Feb 2007 Google Earth 1 Aug 2009

Multitemporal average of PALSAR dual pol (HH) backscatter amplitudes, ascending pass (9 scenes)

Google Earth 7 Feb 2007 Google Earth 1 Aug 2009

Multitemporal average of PALSAR dual pol (HH) backscatter amplitudes, ascending pass (9 scenes)

Google Earth 7 Feb 2007 Google Earth 1 Aug 2009

Multitemporal average of PALSAR dual pol (HH) backscatter amplitudes, ascending pass (9 scenes)

Google Earth 7 Feb 2007 Google Earth 1 Aug 2009

Multitemporal average of PALSAR dual pol (HH) backscatter amplitudes, ascending pass (9 scenes)

Google Earth 7 Feb 2007 Google Earth 1 Aug 2009

Multitemporal average of PALSAR dual pol (HH) backscatter amplitudes, ascending pass (9 scenes)

Google Earth 7 Feb 2007 Google Earth 1 Aug 2009

Multitemporal average of PALSAR dual pol (HH) backscatter amplitudes, ascending pass (9 scenes)

Google Earth 7 Feb 2007 Google Earth 1 Aug 2009

Multitemporal average of PALSAR dual pol (HH) backscatter amplitudes, ascending pass (9 scenes)

PALSAR: Artefacts

• Radio Frequency Interference

• Azimuth Ambiguity

• Atmospheric Effects (Dust Storms)

PALSAR: Feature Extraction Mosaic of North Sinai

PALSAR: Artefacts Radio Frequency Interference

PALSAR Polarimetric: HV PALSAR Polarimetric: VH

PALSAR: Feature Extraction Mosaic of North Sinai

PALSAR: Artefacts Dust Storms(?)

PALSAR: Feature Extraction Mosaic of North Sinai

PALSAR: Artefacts Azimuth Ambiguity(?)

PALSAR: Artefacts Azimuth Ambiguity(?)

Conclusions

• Work done: – Mosaic – Automatic feature extraction – More detailed SAR analysis over key areas:

• Coherence • Frequency • Polarimetry • Geometry

– Other datasets: • Archaeological charts • Optical data

• Observations: – PALSAR useful perhaps as first stage of research – Many artefacts, requires expert interpretation