appendicular skeleton pectoral and pelvic girdles limbs 126 bones

Appendicular Skeleton

Pectoral and Pelvic Girdles

Limbs

126 Bones

Pectoral Girdle and Upper Limbs

• Shoulder• Arm• Forearm • hand

Clavicle

• Bone• 2. Clavicle• Markings

– Lateral End

(Acromial)– Medial End

(Sternal)

Scapula

• Bone:• Scapula• Markings:• Acromion• Coracoid Process

– Glenoid Cavity– Superior Border– Medial Border– Lateral Border– Suprascapular Notch

• Right Anterior View

Right Posterior Aspect• Bone:• Scapula• Markings:• Acromion• Coracoid Process

– Glenoid Cavity– Superior Border– Medial Border– Lateral Border– Suprascapular Notch– Spine

• Right Posterior View

Upper Arm

• Bone:• 3. Humerus• Markings:

– Head– Greater Tubercle– Deltoid Tuberosity– Lateral Epicondyle– Capitulum– Coronoid Fossa– Medial Epicondyle– Trochlea

Forearm

• Bones:• Radius (Thumb side)

• Ulna (Pinky Side)

• Markings

– Coronoid Process– Radial Tuberosity– Styloid Process

of Radius– Styloid Process

of Ulna

Hand

• Bones (General terms)

• Carpals• Metacarpals• Phalanges

Pelvic Girdle and Lower Limb

• Pelvic Girdle

• Thigh• Lower Leg • Foot

Pelvic Girdle

• Bones• 1. Ilium• 2. Ischium• 3. Pubis• Marking:• Sacroiliac

Joint• Acetabulum• Pubic

Symphysis

Male / Female Comparison

• Female: Shallower, Lighter, Thinner

• Ilia flare laterally• Sacrum shorter less

curved• Ischial spines shorter

– outlet larger• Pubic arch angle is

greater than 90˚

Lower Limb

Bones:

4. Femur

5. Patella

6. Fibula

7. Tibia

Lower Limb• Markings:• Femur:

– Head– Neck– Greater Trochanter– Lesser Trochanter

Lower Limb

• Fibula Markings:• Lateral Condyle• Lateral Malleolus• Tibia Markings:• Medial Condyle• Tibial Tuberosity• Medial Malleolus

Bones of the Foot

• 8. Talus• 9. Calcaneus• Tarsals• 10. Metatarsals• 11. Phalanges