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Mobile VoIP Regulation IssueMobile VoIP Regulation Issue: :
Technology EvolutionTechnology Evolution or or
a a Telecommunication ServiceTelecommunication Service??
2007. 12.
Kyoung-yong JEE, Ph.D / Director
+82-11-9744-5003 / kyjee@etri.re.kr
2004/09
2
Contents
0 Background
Technology Trend1
Market Prospects2
3 Players in Korea
Current Regulations in Korea4
Regulation Scenarios of mobile VoIP Service5
Suggestions6
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2004/09
2.5G
3.5G
ADC: American Digital Cellular DECT:Digital European Cordless Telephone IMT:International Mobile telecommunication
AMPS:Advanced Mobile Phone System DCT-U:Digital Cordless telecommunication-USA NMT:Nordic Mobile Telephone
CT: Cordless Telephone GSM: Group Special Mobile Committee PHS:Personal Handy Phone SystemDCS1800:Digital Cellular System at 1800MHz JDC:Japan Digital Cellular System PACS:Personal Access Communication System
TACS:Total Access Communication System WLL:Wireless Local Loop WACS:Wireless Access Communication SystemHSDPA : High Speed Downlink Packet Access PDC:Personal Digital Cellular EDGE:Enhanced Data Rates for Global Evolution
HSUPA : High Speed Uplink Packet Access TD-SCDMA:Time Division Synchronous CDMA IS-136HS:Interim Standard 136 High Speed
WiBro : Wireless Broadband WiMAX: World Interoperability for Microwave AccessDCTU: Dominant Certified Telecommunications Utility
EV-DO : Evolution-Data Only
IMT-Advanced
(4G)CELLULAR
CORDLESS
2G:
DIGITAL CELLULAR
CDMA
TDMA
1990 2006
GPRS
IS-54 based
PCS
Satellit e
Cordless Telephone
1997
1G:
ANALOGCELLULAR
AMPS
2002
Wideband
WLL
W-CDMA
CDMA2000
1X EV-DO
HSDPAHSUPA
1X EV-DO Rev A
EDGE / IS-136HS
NMT
TACS
IS-95
GSM
D-AMPS(IS-54)
JDC/PDC
CT-1
CT-2
WACS
DECT
PACS
DCTU
WLLPHS
WiMAX
TD-
SCDMA
CDMA2000 1X
3G: IMT-2000
WiBro(Mobile WiMAX)
0. Introduction – History of Mobile Development
2004/09
Mobile Broadband8M
1M
128K
56K
28.8K
9.6K
1990 1997 1998 1999 2005 2006~
Video-Phone
Chatting
Text -based E-mail
Fax
Remote - education
Network Game
ADSL, MPEG 2
Age of dial-up Age of TCP/IP (True Internet)Bandwidth(unit: bps)
Dial -up service
Cable Modem
MPEG 4
MP3
Internet Cafe
FTP
Web Surfing
ISDN
JPEG, GIF
M- GIF
Real time streaming service
Fixed Broadband
0. Introduction
26 ��"67 19-1/1
2004/09
0. Introduction - Snapshot of Korean Voice Market
2004/09
6
0. Introduction – VoIP Regulation in Korea
▣ Korean Government has deregulated Internet phone service (so
called “VoIP service”) in the fixed-line telecommunications market
several years ago.
◈The VoIP service is categorized “facilities-based
telecommunication service” in Korea
▣ Regulation for the VoIP service, which is adopted firstly under fixed
line environment, has entered a new phase because there are much
needs for introducing VoIP under mobile environment
▣ Hence
◈There would be new regulatory issues arising when the mobile
VoIP carriers enter the mobile service market
◈It is necessary to prepare the best scenario to continue or
improve market performance under new market environment
��"67 19-1/1 27
2004/09
7
� VoIP has already been introduced in Wi-Fi, and cellular & Wi-Fi convergence has
reached the level of seamless handoff support
� The portable Internet (WiBro) was introduced in Korea for the first time in the world,
while the adoption of the mobile WiMAX will be prevalent worldwide in near future
1. Technology Trend
Network Handset type commercializati
on
Wi-Fi Wi-Fi alone: PC cards, portable
Dual mode terminal (Cellular & Wi-Fi)
2004~2005
2005
WiMAX PC cards, portable terminal 2007
Cellular EDGE or 3G PC cards, portable terminal, communicating PDA 2005
* source: IDATE, Wireless VoIP: What threats to mobile operators?, 2005.
Current SituationCurrent SituationCurrent Situation
2004/09
8
2. Market Prospects(1) - WLAN
- In 2004: 110,000 VoWLAN handsets (61.9 million dollars) and 800,000 access points (384 million dollars)
- In 2009: 5 million VoWLAN handsets and 16 million access points
2 0 0 4 2 0 0 5 2 0 0 6 2 0 0 7 2 0 0 8 2 0 0 9V o W L A N 1 1 3 1 8 6 1 8 5 3 4 0 4 9 8V o W L A N / 셀 룰 러 콤 보 6 0 2 5 6 0 0
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
(10,000 units)
11 3186 185
340
498
VoWLAN handset shipment prospect (TMRI, 2005)VoWLANVoWLAN handset shipment prospect (handset shipment prospect (TMRI,TMRI, 2005)2005)
The number of VoWLAN/cellular combo subscribers will reach 256 million by 2009,
which represents 12% of the total number of cellular subscribers
VoWLAN/Cellular combo handset shipment prospect (In-Stat, 2004)VoWLANVoWLAN/Cellular/Cellular combocombo handset shipment prospect (handset shipment prospect (InIn--StatStat, 2004), 2004)
2 0 0 4 2 0 0 5 2 0 0 6 2 0 0 7 2 0 0 8 2 0 0 9V o W L A N / 셀 룰 러 콤 보 6 0 2 5 6 0 0
60
25,600
2005 2009
(10,000 units)
28 ��"67 19-1/1
2004/09
9
New WiMAX version will support the mobile network.
- In-Stat(2005) forecast that the WiMAX service will secure 8.5 million subscribers by 2009
and more than half of the subscribers to WiMAX will subscribe to the VoIP bundled with
WiMAX
2. Market Prospects(2) - WIMAX
Mobile WiMax & bundled VoIPMobile Mobile WiMaxWiMax & bundled VoIP& bundled VoIP
Class 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
WiBro subscribers1) 63 258 545 764 874 922
Bundled VoIP subscribers2) 31 129 272 382 437 461
WiBro has been selected as one of the WiMAX standards
- The number of WiBro subscribers in Korea will be amount to around 9 M
- Accordingly, the number of mobile VoIP service subscribers will be 4~ 5 million in 2011
WiBro & bundled VoIP in KoreaWiBroWiBro & bundled VoIP & bundled VoIP in Koreain Korea
* notes: 1) applying the mean value of the forecasting range
2) assuming that the number of bundled VoIP service subscribers will be half that of the WiBrosubscribers referring to the In-Stat/MDR(2005) data
(10,000 subscribers)
2004/09
10
Telecommunication service providersTelecommunication service providersTelecommunication service providers
3. Players in Korea(1)
▣ SK Telecom: Korea’s first mobile operator
◈SK Telecom is considering the strategy of combining new functions like the WLAN
with the cellular in order to cope with KT’s ‘Onephone service‘,
◈However, no specific alternatives were taken against it after when KT’s
‘OnePhone service’ had not been welcomed by the market
◈Additionally, SK Telecom cannot carry out proactive marketing for its mobile VoIP
since it is deemed to encroach on the current mobile market.
▣ KT group: equipped with both fixed and mobile service capability
◈The mobile VoIP service at the KT Group level is considered from two viewpoints –
it may encroach on the revenues of current mobile phone or secure mobile
competitiveness.
▣ LG Telecom: the third mobile operator in Korea
◈Focusing on increasing the number of current service subscribers
◈Planning the mobile VoIP service as low price strategy
��"67 19-1/1 29
2004/09
11
Handset manufacturer – Samsung ElectronicsHandset manufacturer Handset manufacturer –– Samsung ElectronicsSamsung Electronics
3. Players in Korea(2)
▣ Samsung Electronics already has developed the Wi-Fi handset and exported a large
volume (including 300,000 to Italy)
▣ It has also been said to have developed a dual mode handset that combines
cellular with WLAN
▣ It is trying to seize the initiative in the world portable Internet business, and has
provided its handset for an experimental portal Internet service for the 2006 Winter
Olympic Games in Italy
The policy making agency in KoreaThe The policy making agencypolicy making agency in Koreain Korea▣ Seeing the VoIP service (in the fixed line communication environment) as a target of
regulation
▣ On the other hand, the agency did not express any specific position with regards to
the introduction of VoIP in mobile environment
▣ However, the agency is seriously reviewing the issue of market promotion and the
principle of equity for incumbent mobile operators
2004/09
12
Telecommunication service providers in Korea : ① facilities-based telecommunication
service providers, ② resale service providers, ③ and value-added service providers.
4. Current Regulations in Korea(1)
TYPE of Telecommunication Service ProvidersTYPE of Telecommunication Service ProvidersTYPE of Telecommunication Service Providers
- Registration
- Registration change is neededwhen service is added.
Resale Service Provider
- Permission
- Permission change or report
is required when infraservice is added
- Reporting of value added comm. services is not required
Business Classification Service Classification
Facilities-Based Telecom. Business
- Installs telecom line facility
Facilities-Based Telecom. Services
① Phone service
② Leased line service
③ Service that receives frequency
allocation and provides it.
④ Internet connection service (high-
speed Internet, WLAN and so on)
⑤ VoIP
⑥ Other services
Resale Business
- Use telecom line facility from
the facilities-based telecom.
service providers
- Installs telecom facility inside the
building
Value Added Comm. Business
- Lease telecomm line facility from
the facilities-based telecom.
service provider
Value Added Comm. Services
- Telecom service besides the
facilities-based telecom. Services
Facilities-Based Telecom. Service Provider
- Report
- Report change is needed
when service is added
Value Added Comm. Service Provider
30 ��"67 19-1/1
2004/09
13
concept and regulation of major services related with the mobile VoIP
4. Current Regulations in Korea(2)
Service-related regulation ServiceService--related regulation related regulation
Current Service Concept Regulation
Fixed line phone
Local/Toll/International telecom service that sends or receives voice using telecom facility.
- Facilities-based telecom. service (phone service)
- Universal service (local call)
IMT-2000
- Frequency usage: To provide mobile communication (IMT-2000) - Technology type: IMT-MC type (synchronous) or
IMT-DS type (asynchronous)
- Facilities-based telecom. service (service that receives a spectrum allocation and provides it.)
- Licensed spectrum (allocation with fee)
VoIP
Sending or receiving voice through Internet, regardless of the coverage area, using the telecom facility. (PC-based Voice communication within VoIP users is not included.)
- Facilities-based telecom. service (VoIP)- Sharing universal service loss- Builds up more than certain level of POI
WLAN Providing Internet connection, using telecom facility- Facilities-based telecom. service (Internet connection)- Unlicensed spectrum
WiBro
- Concept: providing high-speed wireless Internet outdoors.- Frequency usage: To provide the WiBro Service- Technology type: IEEE802.16-2004, IEEE 802.16e /Draft3 or later version should be complied with.
- Facilities-based telecom. service (service that receives a frequency allocation and provides it.)
- Licensed spectrum (allocation with fee)
2004/09
14
4. Regulation Scenarios of mobile VoIP Service(1)
Change of market competition and regulation environment in fixed line phone market(1)Change of market competition and regulation environment in Change of market competition and regulation environment in fixed line phone market(1)fixed line phone market(1)
Fixed line phone
VoIP
Fixed line phone
VoIP
(number X)
VoIP
(number O)Fixed line phone
VoIP introducedPhone number
assigned to VoIP
Limits of market growth
Fixed line phone
- Hard regulation is applied to
the facilities-based commu-
nication service provider when
licensing it.
- Universal service
VoIP (number X) VoIP (number O)
Posses telecom phone number
Top voice quality, high price
Business by area
Excluded from regulation target
No phone number
Poor voice quality, free or low fare
Various application services, and
no area classification
- VoIP is designated as an
facilities-based communication
service
- May share the universal service
loss
- Builds up more than certain level
of POI
Telecom phone number
Moderate voice quality, low fare
Various application services, and no
area classification
Competition structure and prospect of fixed line phone market
Regulation
environment
of the fixed
line phone
market
Competition
feature
Regulation
Environment
Market reduction
Customer benefits up
��"67 19-1/1 31
2004/09
15
4. Regulation Scenarios of mobile VoIP Service(2)
Change of market competition and regulation environment in fixed line phone market(2)Change of market competition and regulation environment in Change of market competition and regulation environment in fixed line phone market(2)fixed line phone market(2)
▣ VoIP, once a complementary goods market of the fixed line phone
◈When VoIP service was first introduced into the fixed line phone
market in Korea, it could not compete with the regular fixed line
phone in terms of quality and phone number assignment, and
VoIP service created a complementary goods market.
▣ Now a replacement for the fixed line phone
◈Quality improvement and number assignment will provide VoIP
service with a viable replacement for the fixed line phone, and
therefore the size of the entire market becomes smaller
◈Consequently, the same level regulation applied to the fixed line
phone will be applies to the VoIP service
2004/09
16
4. Regulation Scenarios of mobile VoIP Service(3)
Change of Possible mobile phone market(1)Change of Possible Change of Possible mobile phone market(1)mobile phone market(1)
Mobile phone
mVoIP
(number X)
Mobile phone
mVoIP
(number X)
mVoIP
(number O)Mobile phone
mVoIP introducedmVoIP
number assigned
Limits of market growth
Market reduction
Customer benefits up
Mobile phone
- 2G: pays a contribution after beauty contest, will be switchedspectrum allocation fee
- 3G business pays spectrum allocation fee
- Under hard regulation of the facilities-based communication service provider when licensing it
Mobile VoIP (number X) Mobile VoIP (number O)
Phone number is assigned
Top quality, high price
Possibility of being excluded
from regulation target
Telecom phone number is not
assigned,
Poor quality, free or low fare
Various application services
Discussing on new regulationmethod applicable to mobile VoIP-” Is technology evolution of current telecommunication service or a new telecommuni-cation service?”
Telecom phone number is assigned
Moderate voice quality, low fare
Various application services
Competition
structure and
prospect of mobile
phone market
Regulation
environment of
the mobile
phone market
Competition
Feature
Regulation
Environment
32 ��"67 19-1/1
2004/09
17
4. Regulation Scenarios of mobile VoIP Service(4)
Change of possible mobile phone market(2)Change of possible mobile phone market(2)Change of possible mobile phone market(2)
▣ Mobile VoIP was also a complementary service market of the mobile phone
◈WLAN version of VoIP service cannot compete with the regular mobile
phone market in terms of quality and phone number assignment, and
creates a kind of complementary service market, just like in the fixed line
phone market
▣ However mobile VoIP could be a replacement for the mobile phone
◈It is natural that mobile VoIP replace the current mobile phone only if its
quality enhances with the number assigned.
◈Consequently, new regulatory issues are arising for the mobile VoIP
◈However the mobile phone environment is different from the fixed line
phone because the incumbent mobile operator paid somewhat expensive
spectrum allocation fee
2004/09
18
4. Regulation Scenarios of mobile VoIP Service(5)
Mobile VoIP (voice over WLAN or WiBro) can be regarded as: 1) technology evolution, or
2) a new telecommunication service. Additionally, each case can be viewed with or without number
assignment
Regulation scenariosRegulation scenariosRegulation scenarios
Access to technology
evolution or telecom.
svc(no number assignment)
Access to technology evolution
(number assignment)
Access to telecom. svc
(number assignment)
Entry
condition-
In the case of WiBro, it may be
possible to recalculate spectrum
charges
Behavioral regulation type of
the bundled service, but pre
price authorization needed
Number
assignment
- (uses the mobile
phone number) 1)
probably new number (WLAN)
010 possible (WiBro)
070 possible (WLAN, WiBro)
010 possible (WiBro)
Revenue
source
WLAN revenue
WiBro revenue
WLAN revenue
WiBro revenueVoIP revenue
Quality
assurance
level
NoneSpecific quality regulation will be
assigned according to the number
Specific quality regulation will
be assigned according to the
number
* notes: 1) ( ) refers to the case of VoWLAN + Cellular or VoWiBro + Cellular
��"67 19-1/1 33
2004/09
4. Regulation Scenarios of mobile VoIP Service(6)
Regulation scenarios for the Voice of WLANRegulation scenarios for the Regulation scenarios for the Voice of WLANVoice of WLAN
▣Case of technology evolution
◈VoWLAN without number is regarded as a non-regulated service such as
PC-to-PC
◈In case of VoWLAN with number assignment, specific quality regulation
will be imposed
▣case of telecommunication service
◈Pre price authorization and behavioral regulation type of the bundled
service might be applicable,
◈and the number 070, which is currently used by VoIP service, can be
possibly assigned
2004/09
20
4. Regulation Scenarios of mobile VoIP Service(6)
▣Regulations for the mobile VoIP (VoWiBro) may be similar with
the case of VoWLAN
▣But in case of mobile VoIP, this service will compete with the
mobile service in relation with the area of coverage extending
and the quality improving
◈In that case, 010 number is possibly assigned for
preventing customers from being confused
◈In addition, spectrum assignment charge could be
recalculated in the viewpoint of the principle of equity
Regulation scenarios for the Voice of WiBroRegulation scenarios for the Voice of Regulation scenarios for the Voice of WiBroWiBro
34 ��"67 19-1/1
2004/09
21
▣It is natural to launch mobile VoIP service in
telecommunication business area
◈For customers, to provide voice services with
reasonable cost
◈For fixed–mobile convergence service providers,
with new business opportunity
▣However, the success depends on the competitiveness
of service providers and adoptability from users
▣Mobile VoIP (Voice over WLAN/WiBro) can be
regarded as: 1) technology evolution, or 2) a
telecommunication service
5. Summary & Suggestion
2004/09
22
▣For better market performance and safe landing of
MVOIP
◈MVoIP should be defined as a technology
evolution of WLAN or WiBro
- Incentives to invest his network & can do his own
differentiated business
◈In addition, it is necessary to assign ‘010’number
to mobile VoIP service in order to increase service
quality and decrease customers’ confusion caused by
complicated number system
5. Summary & Suggestion
��"67 19-1/1 35
2004/09
In the end of 2006, >40M people, 83.2% of Koreans are using mobile phones.
Wireless internet market has also rapidly increased to US$4.2 billion.
Epilogue
* Total wireless internet revenue by SKT, KTF, LGT
Source: SKT, KTF, LGT
(US$ M)
* Source: SK Telecom
(1,000s)
Total Wireless Revenue
Mobile Market Trend Wireless Internet Market Trend
32,342 33,59236,586 38,250
40,197
67.9% 70.1%
75.9% 78.9%83.2%
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
4,202
3,188
2,424
1,736
1,086
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
5 yr CAGR 31.1%
Subscribers Penetration Rate
2004/09
Thank You
24
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