an introduction to open source gis
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An Introduction to Open Source GISAn Introduction to Open Source GIS Gavin JacksonGavin Jackson
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An Introduction To Open Source GIS
Gavin JacksonAtlas of Living Australia
CSIRO
Open Source Developers Conference 2011Canberra, Australia
An Introduction to Open Source GISAn Introduction to Open Source GIS Gavin JacksonGavin Jackson
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An Introduction to Open Source GISAn Introduction to Open Source GIS Gavin JacksonGavin Jackson
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Introduction
• Not the best practice
• Coding in Perl too multidimensional for a unique maximum
• Coders of Perl too diverse for a unique maximum
• But a best practice
• Suitable for most applications
An Introduction to Open Source GISAn Introduction to Open Source GIS Gavin JacksonGavin Jackson
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Introduction
• Standards
• Architecture
• Databases
• Clients
• Geospatial Services
• Data / ALA Demonstration
An Introduction to Open Source GISAn Introduction to Open Source GIS Gavin JacksonGavin Jackson
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Standards
• Not the best practice
• Coding in Perl too multidimensional for a unique maximum
• Coders of Perl too diverse for a unique maximum
• But a best practice
• Suitable for most applications
An Introduction to Open Source GISAn Introduction to Open Source GIS Gavin JacksonGavin Jackson
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OGC
• WMS – Web mapping service
• WFS – Web feature service
• WCS – Web coverage service
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Projections
• http://xkcd.com/977
• Maps a spherical surface to a 2D plane
• Area
• Shape
• Direction
• Distance/Scale
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Common Projections
• EPSG:4326 (WGS 84) lon/lat (km)
• EPSG:900913 lon/lat (m)
• GDA94/NSW Lambert EPSG:3308 (NSW)
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Formats
• ESRI Shapefile
• WKT
• KML
• GeoJSON/GeoRSS
• Raster (geotiff), ESRI Grid, ASCII Grid
An Introduction to Open Source GISAn Introduction to Open Source GIS Gavin JacksonGavin Jackson
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NetCDF
• Scientific Community
• Multi-Dimensional Spatial Data
– Temporal (time based)– Depth based data
• OpenDAP, THREDDS (NetCDF servers)
• THREDDS supports WMC and WCS services
• Panoply (client)
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Architecture
• Not the best practice
• Coding in Perl too multidimensional for a unique maximum
• Coders of Perl too diverse for a unique maximum
• But a best practice
• Suitable for most applications
An Introduction to Open Source GISAn Introduction to Open Source GIS Gavin JacksonGavin Jackson
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Spatial Server
• OGC Services (WMS, WFS, WCS)
• CQL
• Styling
• Legend Generation
• On Click Event
• Geoserver Demo
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Thick Clients
• uDig (demo)
• World Wind (NASA)
• Google Earth
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Web Based Clients
• OpenLayers
• Google Maps (+ WMS extension)
An Introduction to Open Source GISAn Introduction to Open Source GIS Gavin JacksonGavin Jackson
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Thick Clients
• uDig
• World Wind (NASA)
• Google Earth
An Introduction to Open Source GISAn Introduction to Open Source GIS Gavin JacksonGavin Jackson
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Spatial Databases
• Capabilities
• PostGIS (demo)
• Commercial Offerings
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Spatial Services
• Not the best practice
• Coding in Perl too multidimensional for a unique maximum
• Coders of Perl too diverse for a unique maximum
• But a best practice
• Suitable for most applications
An Introduction to Open Source GISAn Introduction to Open Source GIS Gavin JacksonGavin Jackson
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Geotools
• Java API
• Used by Geoserver and uDig
• Excellent workshop presented on Tuesday by Jody Garnett on Tuesday
An Introduction to Open Source GISAn Introduction to Open Source GIS Gavin JacksonGavin Jackson
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OGR – Simple Feature Library
• OGR is used to manipulate and work with vector based data – changing projections, converting to different types, merging shapefiles
• ogrinfo, ogr2ogr
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GDAL
• Geospatial Data Abstraction Library
• Used to manipulate and work with raster spatial data– changing projection, converting to different type, changing grid size
• gdalinfo, gdal_translate, gdalwarp …
• gdal_rasterize – convert a shapefile to a raster
• gdal_polygonize – convert a raster to a shapefile
An Introduction to Open Source GISAn Introduction to Open Source GIS Gavin JacksonGavin Jackson
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Geocoding
• Forward/Reverse
• Google geocoding service
• OSM (nominatim.openstreetmap.org) demo
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Spatial Metadata
• Geonetwork (OGC Client Services for the CSW implementation)
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Putting it all together (demos)
• Not the best practice
• Coding in Perl too multidimensional for a unique maximum
• Coders of Perl too diverse for a unique maximum
• But a best practice
• Suitable for most applications
An Introduction to Open Source GISAn Introduction to Open Source GIS Gavin JacksonGavin Jackson
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Shapefile to web
• Quick demonstration to demonstrate:
• Shapefiles
• uDig
• PostGIS
• Geoserver
• Openlayers
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Use case – spatial.ala.org.au
• Developed by CSIRO in conjunction with a large number of data providers (Government departments, Universities, Museums, Herbaria)
• Spatial portal marries up species occurrence data with environmental layers
• Allows users to specify analysis areas and perform advanced spatial analysis functions
An Introduction to Open Source GISAn Introduction to Open Source GIS Gavin JacksonGavin Jackson
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Example
• Add species
• Add layer
• Add area
• Analysis tools
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Further Reading
• GIS for Web Developers - Adding where to your applications, Scott Davis, The Pragmatic Programmers LLC, 2007
• PostGIS in Action, Regina O. Obe and Leo S. Hsu, Manning, 2011
• Geoserver Tutorial (www.geoserver.org)
• UDig Tutorial (udig.refractions.net)
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An Introduction to Open Source GISAn Introduction to Open Source GIS Gavin JacksonGavin Jackson
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An Introduction to Open Source GISAn Introduction to Open Source GIS Gavin JacksonGavin Jackson
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URLs Visited During Talk
• http://www.openstreetmap.org/
• http://xkcd.com/977/
• http://www.gadm.org/
• http://www.naturalearthdata.com/
• http://spatial.ala.org.au
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