an introduction to corruption: transparency international

Shalni AroraSenior Advisor TrusteeTransparency International UK

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• Definition• Why does it matter• Landscape• Action

CORRUPTION

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• ‘The abuse of entrusted power for private gain’– Public and private sector– Personal or corporate gain– Non-monetary gain eg positions of influence– Abuse not illegality

DEFINITION

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• Mutiple forms of corruption including– Bribery– Cronyism and nepotism– Conflicts of interest– Political influence

• Related activities including– Money laundering– Complex transactions– Secrecy

DEFINITION - TYPOLOGY

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• Petty bribes hit the poor the hardest• It hinders development• Robs countries of resources• Puts public services out of reach• Corruption can kill• Seeds violence and instability• Distorts markets and fair competition

WHY DOES IT MATTER?

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• UN Convention Against Corruption• OECD Anti-Bribery Convention• G20, G7• Open Government Partnership• OECD, World Bank, G20 ACWG, UNODC, DoJ, SFO• Extra-territorial legal framework– FCPA– Bribery Act

LANDSCAPE - GLOBAL

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• Transparency International– 100 chapters

• Global Witness• Country-specific groups– eg Navalny Foundation in Russia

• Social media and tech approaches– Twitter- Arab Spring– ipaidabribe.com

LANDSCAPE – CIVIL SOCIETY

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• Corruption Perceptions Index• Public sector ‘Integrity Pacts’ keeping bribery out of

public contracting• Private sector training and implementation

programmes• Advocacy and civil society empowerment– UK Bribery Act– EITI– Corruption in Defence and Security– Global Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Programme

WHAT DOES TI DO?

CPI 2015

Shalni Arora

www.transparency.org.uk - www.transparency.org

transparency.org.uk